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Preliminary 8
Typical Applications * Part of 2.4GHz IEEE802.11b WLANs * Digital Communication Systems
RF2494
HIGH FREQUENCY LNA/MIXER
* WLAN or Wireless Local Loop * Portable Battery-Powered Equipment
* Spread-Spectrum Communication Systems * UHF Digital and Analog Receivers
Product Description
The RF2494 is a monolithic integrated UHF receiver front end suitable for 2.4GHz ISM band applications. The IC contains all of the required components to implement the RF functions of the receiver except for the passive filtering and LO generation. It contains an LNA (low-noise amplifier), a second RF amplifier and a doubly balanced mixer. The output of the LNA is made available as an output to permit the insertion of a bandpass filter between the LNA and the RF/Mixer section. The mixer outputs can be selectively disabled to allow for the IF filter to be used in the transmit mode.
.80 .65
1.00 0.85 .60 .24 typ
4.00 sq. .65 .30
4 PLCS
2
.35 .23
1.85 1.55 sq.
12 max .05 .01
.75 .50 .65
.23 .13
4 PLCS
Dimensions in mm.
NOTES:
1 2 Shaded Pin is Lead 1. Dimension applies to plated terminal and is measured between 0.02 mm and 0.25 mm from terminal end.
8
FRONT-ENDS
4 5
3 Pin 1 identifier must exist on top surface of package by identification mark or feature on the package body. Exact shape and size is optional. Package Warpage: 0.05 max. Die thickness allowable: 0.305 mm max.
Optimum Technology Matching(R) Applied
Package Style: LCC, 16-Pin, 4x4
uSi Bi-CMOS
Si BJT
GaAs HBT SiGe HBT
GaAs MESFET Si CMOS
Features * Single 2.7V to 3.6V Power Supply * 2400MHz to 2500MHz Operation * Two Gain Settings: 28dB or 12dB * 4.5dB Cascaded NF, High Gain Mode * 20mA DC Current Consumption * Input IP3: -23dBm or -8dBm
16 PD 1 VCC1 2 VCC2 3 MIX OUT- 4 5 MIX OUT+
Bias Circuits
15
GS
14
13 12 NC
LNA
LNA OUT 11 NC 10 MIX IN 9 GND3
LNA IN
VCC4
RF AMP
6 LO IN
7 RX EN
8 VCC3
Ordering Information
RF2494 High Frequency LNA/Mixer RF2494 PCBA-H Fully Assembled Evaluation Board (2.5GHz)
Functional Block Diagram
RF Micro Devices, Inc. 7628 Thorndike Road Greensboro, NC 27409, USA
Tel (336) 664 1233 Fax (336) 664 0454 http://www.rfmd.com
Rev A0 010730
8-53
RF2494
Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter
Supply Voltage Input LO and RF Levels Operating Ambient Temperature Storage Temperature
Preliminary
Rating
-0.5 to 3.6 +6 -40 to +85 -40 to +150
Unit
VDC dBm C C Caution! ESD sensitive device.
RF Micro Devices believes the furnished information is correct and accurate at the time of this printing. However, RF Micro Devices reserves the right to make changes to its products without notice. RF Micro Devices does not assume responsibility for the use of the described product(s).
Parameter
Overall
RF Frequency Range IF Frequency Range Cascade Gain Cascade IP3 Cascade Noise Figure Input P1dB
Specification Min. Typ. Max.
2400 to 2500 374 28 15 -22 -8 4.5 18 -28 -14 2.3 7 2:1 -3 -3 10 -6 22 50 10 50 -17 18 4 -15 -10 42 15 0
Unit
Condition
T = 25C, VCC =3V, RF=2442 MHz, LO=2068MHz, -10dBm
10 26 13 -29
500 31 17 -19
MHz MHz dB dB dBm dBm dB dB dBm dBm dB dB dBm dBm dB dB dB dB dBm dB k dBm dB dB
IF=374MHz, GAIN SEL=1 IF=374MHz, GAIN SEL=0 Referenced to the input, GAIN SEL = 1 Referenced to the input, GAIN SEL = 0 Single sideband, GAIN SEL = 1 Single sideband, GAIN SEL = 0 GAIN SEL = 1 GAIN SEL = 0 GAIN SEL = 1 GAIN SEL = 0 No external matching GAIN SEL = 1 GAIN SEL = 0 GAIN SEL = 1 GAIN SEL = 0
8
FRONT-ENDS
LNA
Noise Figure Input VSWR Input IP3 Gain Reverse Isolation Output Impedance
RF Amp and Mixer
Noise Figure Input Impedance Input IP3 Conversion Power Gain Output Impedance Single sideband
With Current Combiner (1k between open collectors and 250 single ended load) Open Collector
LO Input
LO Level LO to RF Rejection LO to IF Rejection LO Input VSWR LO input to LNA input LO input to IF output
2:1 VCC -0.3 400 100 2.7 15 8 3.3 17 17 10 0.2 300 1000 200 3.6 26 26 16 1 V mV nS nS V mA mA mA A Voltage at the input of RX EN, PD and GAIN SEL From PD Going high. From RX EN Going high. PD = "1"
Power Down Control
Logic Controls "ON" Logic Controls "OFF" Turn on Time Turn on Time
Power Supply
Voltage Current Consumption GAIN SEL=1, RX EN =1, PD=1 GAIN SEL=0, RX EN =1, PD=1 GAIN SEL=X, RX EN=0, PD=1 GAIN SEL=X, RX EN=X, PD =0
8-54
Rev A0 010730
Preliminary
Pin 1 2 Function PD VCC1 Description
The power enable pin. When PD is >VCC - 300mV, the part is biased on. When PD is <300mV, then the part is turned off and typically draws less than 1A. Supply voltage for bias circuits and logic control. A 10pF external bypass capacitor is required and an additional 0.01F is required if no other low frequency bypass capacitors are nearby. The trace length between the pin and the bypass capacitors should be minimized. The ground side of the bypass capacitors should connect immediately to ground plane. Supply voltage for LO_Buffer. A 10pF bypass capacitor is required and an additional 0.01F is required if there is no other low frequency bypass capacitor in the area. The trace length between the pin and the bypass capacitors should be minimized. The ground side of the bypass capacitors should connect immediately to ground plane. The inverting open collector output of the mixer. This pin needs to be externally biased and DC isolated from other parts of the circuit. This output can drive a Balun, with MIXOUT+, to convert to unbalanced to drive a SAW filter. The Balun can be either broadband (transformer) or narrowband (discrete LC matching). Alternatively, MIXOUT+ may be used alone to drive a SAW single-ended, with an RF choke (high Z at IF) from VCC to MIXOUT-. The non-inverting open collector output of the mixer. This pin needs to be externally biased and DC isolated from other parts of the circuit. This output can drive a Balun, with MIXOUT+, to convert to unbalanced to drive a SAW filter. The Balun can be either broadband (transformer) or narrowband (discrete LC matching). Alternatively, MIXOUT+ may be used alone to drive a SAW single-ended, with an RF choke (high Z at IF) from VCC to MIXOUT+. LO input pin. This input needs a DC-blocking cap. External matching is recommended to 50.
RF2494
Interface Schematic
3
VCC2
See pin 6.
4
MIXOUT-
MIX OUT+
MIX OUT-
5
MIXOUT+
See pin 4.
8
VCC2
LO IN
7 8 9 10
RX EN VCC3 GND3 MIX IN
This control pin allows the mixer output pins to be put into a high impedance state. This allows the transmit signal path to share the same IF filter as the receiver. Supply voltage for mixer preamp. Ground pin for mixer preamp. This lead inductance is intended to be similar to VCC3 lead inductance. Mixer RF Input port. This pin is NOT internally DC-blocked. An external blocking capacitor must be provided if the pin is connected to a device with DC present. A value of >22pF is recommended. To minimize the noise figure it is recommended to have a bandpass filter before this input. This will prevent the noise at the image frequency from being converted to the IF.
See pin 10. See pin 10.
VCC3
MIX IN
GND3
11 12
NC NC
Not connected. Not connected.
Rev A0 010730
8-55
FRONT-ENDS
6
LO IN
RF2494
Pin 13 14 Function LNA OUT VCC4 Description
RF signal output for external 50 filtering.The use of a filter here is optional but does provide for lower noise floor and better out-of-band rejection. Supply voltage for the LNA. This pin should be bypassed with a 10 pF capacitor to ground as close to the pin as possible. The shunt inductance from this pin to ground via the supply decoupling must be tuned to match the LNA output to 50 at the desired operating frequency.
Preliminary
Interface Schematic
See pin 14.
Microstrip EXTERNAL DECOUPLING VCC4 P2 LNA IN BIAS -16 dB P15 LNA OUT
P1 GAIN SEL
15 16
GS LNA IN
LNA gain control. When GAIN SEL is >VCC - 300mV, LNA gain is at 10 dB. When GAIN SEL is <300mV, the LNA gain is -6dB. This pin is NOT internally DC blocked. An external blocking capacitor must be provided if the pin is connected to a device with DC present. If a blocking capacitor is required, a value of 2pF is recommended.
See pin 14. See pin 14.
8
FRONT-ENDS
8-56
Rev A0 010730
Preliminary
Theory of Operation
RF Micro Devices 2.4 GHz ISM Chipset
IL = 1-3 dB 2.4 to 2.483 GHz RX VGC
RF2494
RF2948
RF2494 SSOP-16 EPP
Gain Select OUT Q
SAW
IL = 10 dB max
RX
LNA Dual Gain Modes -5 dB and +10 dB 15 dB Gain
RX
15 dB
IF Amp
-15 dB to 35 dB Gain OUT I
TX
15 dB Base Band Amp. Active Selectable LPF (fC = 1 MHz to 40 MHz) 0-30 dB Gain
Filter
2.4 to 2.483 GHz
TX
T/R Switch
Dual Frequency Synthesizer
RF VCO IF VCO *2 +45 -45
Filter
I INPUT
RF2189
10 dBm PA Driver
15 dB Gain Range
Filter
Selectable LPF Q INPUT
TX VGC
IL = 1-3 dB 2.4 to 2.483 GHz
Figure 1. Entire Chipset Functional Block Diagram The RF2494 contains the LNA/Mixer for this chipset. The LNA is made from two stages including a common emitter amplifier stage with a power gain of 13dB and an attenuator which has an insertion loss of 3dB in high gain mode, and 17dB in low gain mode. The attenuator was put after the LNA so that system noise figure degradation would be minimized. A single gain stage was used prior to the image filter to maximize IP3 which minimizes the risk of large out-of-bad signals jamming the desired signal. The mixer on the RF2494 is also two stages. The first stage is a common emitter amp used to boost the total power gain prior to the lossy SAW filter, to convert to a differential signal to the input of the mixer, and to improve the noise figure of the mixer. The second stage is a double balanced mixer whose output is differential open collector. It is recommended that a "current combiner" is used (as shown in figure 2) at the mixer output to maximize conversion gain, but other loads can also be used. The current combiner is used to do a differential to single ended conversion for the SAW filter. C1, C2 and L1 are used to tune the circuit for a specific IF frequency. L2 is a choke to supply DC current to the mixer that is also used as a tuning element, along with C3, to match to the SAW filter's input impedance. RL is the SAW filter's input impedance. The mixer power conversion gain is +19dB when R1 is set to 1k . The conversion gain can be adjusted up ~5dB or down ~7dB by changing the value of R1. Once R1 is chosen, L2 and C3 can be used to tune the output for the SAW filter.
VCC C1 L1 R1
Open Collector Mixer Output
8
FRONT-ENDS
C2 L2 C3 OUT RL
Figure 2. Current Combiner for Mixer Load The cascaded power gain of the LNA/Mixer is 29dB, which after insertion loss in the image filter (~3dB) and IF SAW filter (~10dB), still gives 16dB of gain prior to the IF amps. Because of this, the noise figure of the IF amps should not significantly degrade system noise figure. The LNA input should be matched for a good return loss for optimum gain and noise figure. To allow the designer to match each of these ports, 2-port s-parameter data is available for the LNA, and 1-port data is available for MIXER IN and LO IN.
Rev A0 010730
8-57
RF2494
Evaluation Board Schematic
(Download Bill of Materials from www.rfmd.com.)
GS VCC4
Preliminary
C9 10 nF L6 4.7 nH J1 LNA IN 50 strip 16 PD VCC1, VCC2 C11 0.5 pF C12 0.5 pF C4 10 nF C19 22 pF 1 2 3 4 R1 2.2 k L2 120 nH
2494400-
R6 10 50 strip C5 10 nF 15 14 13 12
IN GND OUT
C8 2 pF
C10 1.5 pF
R2 0
R4* 0 FL1
50 strip
J2 LNA OUT
Bias Circuits
LNA
11
RF AMP
L5 1.8 nH C17 10 nF C2 0.5 pF
R3 0 50 strip R5* 0 50 strip J4 MIX IN
10 9
5
6
7
8 VCC3
L1 100 nH C6 10 nF
C16 1 pF
L3 8.2 nH
C21 22 pF
C7 10 nF
8
FRONT-ENDS
J3 IF OUT 50 strip
50 strip C15 22 pF C18 10 nF
RX EN 50 strip
J5 LO IN
C3 10 nF P1-1
P1 1 2 VCC1, VCC2 GND PD P2-3 C20 10 nF P2-1
P2 1 2 3 CON3 GS GND VCC4 P3-3 P3-1
P3 1 2 3 CON3 VCC3 GND RX EN
* For cascaded configuration, jumpers R2 and R3 need to be installed with R4 and R5 taken out.
P1-3
3 CON3
8-58
Rev A0 010730
Preliminary
Evaluation Board Layout Board Size 1.5" x 1.5"
Board Thickness 0.031", Board Material FR-4, Multi-Layer
RF2494
8
FRONT-ENDS
NOTE: In the following charts, all cascaded data measured with a bandpass filter inserted between LNA OUT and MIX IN, having cut frequencies: fL =TBD, fM =TBD, and insertion loss=TBD.
Rev A0 010730
8-59
RF2494
LNA + Mixer Gain versus VCC (2.45 GHz), Attenuator Off
33.0 -24.0
Preliminary
LNA + Mixer IIP3 versus VCC (2.45 GHz), Attenuator Off
-40C IIP3
32.0 -40C Gain 31.0 25C Gain 85C Gain 30.0
-25.0
25C IIP3 85C IIP3
-26.0
IIP3 (dBm)
Gain (dB)
-27.0
29.0
-28.0
28.0 -29.0 27.0 -30.0
26.0
25.0 2.7 3.0 3.3 3.6
-31.0 2.7 3.0 3.3 3.6
VCC
VCC
LNA + Mixer Gain versus RF Frequency (3.3 V), Attenuator Off
34.00 -24.00
LNA + Mixer IIP3 versus RF Frequency (3.3V), Attenuator Off
-40C IIP3
33.00
-25.00
25C IIP3 85C IIP3
8
FRONT-ENDS
Gain (dB)
32.00 -40C Gain 31.00 25C Gain 85C Gain 30.00
-26.00
-27.00
IIP3 (dBm)
2.50
-28.00
29.00
-29.00
28.00
-30.00
27.00
-31.00
26.00 2.40
2.45
-32.00 2.40
2.45
2.50
RF Frequency (GHz)
RF Frequency (GHz)
LNA + Mixer Gain versus VCC (2.45 GHz), Attenuator On
14.0 -40C Gain 13.5 13.0 12.5 -9.2 25C Gain 85C Gain -9.0 -8.8 -8.6
LNA + Mixer IIP3 versus VCC (2.45 GHz), Attenuator On
-40C IIP3 25C IIP3
IIP3 (dBm)
Gain (dB)
12.0 11.5 11.0 10.5 10.0 9.5 9.0 2.7 3.0 3.3 3.6
-9.4 -9.6 -9.8 -10.0 -10.2 -10.4 2.7 3.0 3.3
85C IIP3
3.6
VCC
VCC
8-60
Rev A0 010730
Preliminary
LNA + Mixer Gain versus RF Frequency (3.3 V), Attenuator On
15.00 14.50 14.00 13.50 13.00 -8.50 -40C Gain 25C Gain 85C Gain -8.00 -7.50 -7.00 -40C IIP3 25C IIP3 85C IIP3
RF2494
LNA + Mixer IIP3 versus RF Frequency (3.3 V), Attenuator On
Gain (dB)
12.50 12.00 11.50 11.00 10.50 10.00
IIP3 (dBm)
2.45 2.50
-9.00
-9.50
-10.00
-10.50 9.50 9.00 2.40 -11.00 2.40
2.45
2.50
RF Frequency (GHz)
RF Frequency (GHz)
LNA + Mixer SSB Noise Figure versus VCC (2.45 GHz), Attenuator Off
5.6 25C NF 85C NF 5.4 -40C NF 5.00 5.50
LNA + Mixer SSB Noise Figure versus RF Frequency (3.3 V), Attenuator Off
25C NF 85C NF -40C NF
8
FRONT-ENDS
SSB Noise Figure (dB)
5.2
SSB Noise Figure (dB)
4.50
5.0
4.00
4.8
3.50 4.6
4.4 2.7 3.0 3.3 3.6
3.00 2.40
2.45
2.50
VCC
RF Frequency (GHz)
LNA + Mixer SSB Noise Figure versus VCC (2.45 GHz), Attenuator On
19.8 25C NF 19.6 19.4 85C NF -40C NF 18.00 19.00 20.00
LNA + Mixer SSB Noise Figure versus RF Frequency (3.3 V), Attenuator On
25C NF 85C NF -40C NF
SSB Noise Figure (dB)
19.0 18.8 18.6 18.4 18.2
SSB Noise Figure (dB)
19.2
17.00
16.00
15.00
14.00 18.0 17.8 2.7 3.0 3.3 3.6 13.00 2.40
2.45
2.50
VCC
RF Frequency (GHz)
Rev A0 010730
8-61
RF2494
LNA + Mixer Gain versus IF Frequency (3.3 V)
32.0 Gain -24.0 31.0 -25.0 30.0 -26.0 -23.0
Preliminary
LNA + Mixer IIP3 versus IF Frequency (3.3 V)
IIP3
IIP3 (dBm)
Gain (dB)
29.0
-27.0
-28.0 28.0 -29.0 27.0 -30.0
26.0 0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0 300.0 350.0 400.0 450.0 500.0
-31.0 0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0 300.0 350.0 400.0 450.0 500.0
IF Frequency (MHz)
IF Frequency (MHz)
12.7 25C LNA Icc 12.5 85C LNA Icc -40C LNA Icc
LNA ICC versus VCC (PD = 1, RX EN = 0)
21.0 25C Total Icc 85C Total Icc 20.5
Total ICC versus VCC (PD = 1, RX EN = 1)
8
FRONT-ENDS
ICC (mA)
-40C Total Icc
12.3 12.1 11.9 11.7 11.5 11.3 18.5 11.1 10.9 2.7 3.0 3.3 3.6 18.0 2.7 3.0 3.3 3.6 20.0
ICC (mA) VCC
19.5
19.0
VCC
Isolation
-13.00
-18.00
-23.00 LO-mixin
Isolation (dB)
-28.00
LO-LNAin LNAin-LNAout LO-IFout
-33.00
-38.00
-43.00
-48.00 2.12
2.17
2.22
LO Frequency (GHz)
8-62
Rev A0 010730
Preliminary
LNA Gain versus VCC (2.45 GHz), Attenuator Off
10.5 10.4 10.3 10.2 -40C Gain 25C Gain 85C Gain -2.2 -2.1 -2.0 -40C IIP3 25C IIP3 85C IIP3
RF2494
LNA IIP3 versus VCC (2.45 GHz), Attenuator Off
IIP3 (dBm)
Gain (dB)
10.1 10.0 9.9 9.8
-2.3
-2.4
-2.5
-2.6 9.7 9.6 9.5 2.7 3.0 3.3 3.6 -2.7
-2.8 2.7 3.0 3.3 3.6
VCC
VCC
LNA Gain versus VCC (2.45 GHz), Attenuator On
-4.0 -40C Gain -4.2 25C Gain 85C Gain -4.4 -2.2 -4.6 -2.0 -1.8
LNA IIP3 versus VCC (2.45 GHz), Attenuator On
8
IIP3 (dBm)
-40C IIP3 -2.4 25C IIP3 85C IIP3 -2.6
Gain (dB)
-4.8
-5.0
-5.2 -2.8 -5.4
-5.6 2.7 3.0 3.3 3.6
-3.0 2.7 3.0 3.3 3.6
VCC
VCC
LNA Gain versus RF Frequency (3.3 V), Attenuator Off
10.70 -40C Gain 10.60 10.50 10.40 -1.00 25C Gain 85C Gain -0.50 0.00
LNA IIP3 versus RF Frequency (3.3 V), Attenuator Off
-40C IIP3 25C IIP3 85C IIP3
IIP3 (dBm)
Gain (dB)
10.30 10.20 10.10 10.00 9.90
-1.50
-2.00
-2.50
-3.00 9.80 9.70 2.40 -3.50 2.40
2.45
2.50
2.45
2.50
RF Frequency (GHz)
RF Frequency (GHz)
Rev A0 010730
8-63
FRONT-ENDS
RF2494
LNA Gain versus RF Frequency (3.3 V), Attenuator On
-3.70 -40C Gain -3.90 -4.10 -4.30 -4.50 -4.70 -4.90 -2.60 -5.10 -5.30 -5.50 2.40 -2.70 -2.80 -2.90 2.40 25C Gain 85C Gain -2.10 -2.00 -1.90
Preliminary
LNA IIP3 versus RF Frequency (3.3 V), Attenuator On
-40C IIP3 -2.20 25C IIP3 85C IIP3
IIP3 (dBm)
2.45 2.50
Gain (dB)
-2.30 -2.40 -2.50
2.45
2.50
RF Frequency (GHz)
RF Frequency (GHz)
LNA Noise Figure versus VCC (2.45 GHz), Attenuator Off
2.32 2.30 2.28 2.26 -40C NF 25C NF 2.45 2.50
LNA Noise Figure versus RF Frequency (3.3 V), Attenuator Off
-40C NF 25C NF 85C NF 2.40
8
Noise Figure (dB)
85C NF
2.24 2.22 2.20 2.18 2.16 2.14
Noise Figure (dB)
3.00 3.30 3.60
2.35
FRONT-ENDS
2.30
2.25
2.20
2.15 2.12 2.10 2.70 2.10 2.40
2.45
2.50
VCC
RF Frequency (GHz)
LNA Noise Figure versus VCC (2.45 GHz), Attenuator On
9.0 -40C NF 8.5 25C NF 85C NF 8.0 8.00 8.50 9.00
LNA Noise Figure versus RF Frequency (3.3 V), Attenuator On
-40C NF 25C NF 85C NF
Noise Figure (dB)
7.5
Noise Figure (dB)
2.7 3.0 3.3 3.6
7.50
7.0
7.00
6.5
6.50
6.0
6.00
5.5
5.50
5.0
5.00 2.40
2.45
2.50
VCC
RF Frequency (GHz)
8-64
Rev A0 010730
Preliminary
Mixer Gain versus VCC (2.45 GHz)
22.0 -40C Gain 25C Gain 21.0 85C Gain -15.0 -14.5
RF2494
Mixer IIP3 versus VCC (2.45 GHz)
-40C IIP3 25C IIP3 85C IIP3
-15.5 20.0
IIP3 (dBm)
Gain (dB)
-16.0
19.0
-16.5
18.0 -17.0
17.0
-17.5
16.0 2.7 3.0 3.3 3.6
-18.0 2.7 3.0 3.3 3.6
VCC
VCC
Mixer Gain versus RF Frequency (3.3 V)
22.00 -15.00
Mixer IIP3 versus RF Frequency (3.3 V)
21.00 -40C Gain 20.00 25C Gain
-15.50
-40C IIP3 25C IIP3
-16.00
85C IIP3
8
FRONT-ENDS
2.45 2.50
IIP3 (dBm)
2.50
Gain (dB)
85C Gain 19.00
-16.50
-17.00
18.00 -17.50
17.00
-18.00
16.00 2.40
2.45
-18.50 2.40
RF Frequency (GHz)
RF Frequency (GHz)
Mixer SSB Noise Figure versus VCC (2.45 GHz)
13.5 -40C NF 25C NF 13.0 85C NF 12.00 13.00
Mixer SSB Noise Figure versus RF Frequency (3.3 V)
-40C NF 25C NF 85C NF
SSB Noise Figure (dB)
SSB Noise Figure (dB)
2.7 3.0 3.3 3.6
12.5
11.00
12.0
10.00
11.5
9.00
11.0
10.5
8.00
10.0
7.00 2.40
2.45
2.50
VCC
RF Frequency (GHz)
Rev A0 010730
8-65
RF2494
Mixer Gain versus LO Amplitude (VCC = 3.3 V, RF Frequency = 2.45 GHz)
20 Gain 19 -15 -14 IIP3
Preliminary
Mixer IIP3 versus LO Amplitude (VCC = 3.3 V, RF Frequency = 2.45 GHz)
18
-16
17
IIP3 (dBm)
-24 -22 -20 -18 -16 -14 -12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6
Gain (dB)
-17
16
-18
15
-19
14
-20 -24 -22 -20 -18 -16 -14 -12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6
LO Amplitude (dBm)
LO Amplitude (dBm)
8
FRONT-ENDS
8-66
Rev A0 010730

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