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MOTOROLA
SEMICONDUCTOR
TECHNICAL DATA
MC33385
Automotive Quad Low Side Driver
SILICON MONOLITHIC INTEGRATED CIRCUIT
Advance Information
Automotive Quad Low Side Driver
The MC33385 is a Quad Low Side Driver fully protected switch. This device is a general purpose Low Side Driver but has been especially designed to operate in engine management application as injector driver or automotive gear box. It is interfaced directly with a microcontroller for parallel control of the load and the individual output diagnostic is done through a SPI. The diagnostic logic recognizes 4 failure types at each output stage the overcurrent, the short to GND, the openload and the over-temperature. RDSON of 250mW per Output at 25C Supplied from the main 5V Vcc Input CMOS Compatible Diagnostic through SPI Nominal Current of 2A per Output Current Limitation at 3A with Automatic Turn Off Output Internally Clamped at 50V typ for Inductive Load Drive Junction to Case Thermal Resistance of 4.4C/W Individual Output over Temperature Shutdown
HSOP20
PIN ASSIGNMENT
21
GND2 1 OUT2 2 N.C 3 NON2 4 SDI 5 CLK 6 NCS 7 NON4 8 OUT4 9 GND4 10
21
20 19 18 17 16
GND1 OUT1 N.C NON1 SDO NRES VCC NON3 OUT3 GND3
Heat sink
15 14 13 12 11
Simplied Block Diagram
VCC
TRIGGER
Charge Pump OUT1
NON1 NON2 NON3 NON4
RES URES Over-temp. detection URES RES R S DRIVER
OUT2 dv/dt control OUT3 OUT4
FR Reset VCC
IRES
ON1 I-SCB lter t-ISCB ON1
SDI VCC I-OL lter t-IOL
CLK VCC Shift Register NCS
IRES
NON1 Failure Register (FR) SCG lter t-SCG
URES RES
Vref
OSC
SDO
Under Voltage Reset
Reset
Oscillator
GND
NRES
This document contains information on a new product under development. Motorola reserves the right to change or discontinue this product without notice.
O Motorola,Inc
Date : 10/12/98 Rev 4.2
MC33385
MAXIMUM RATINGS TJ = - 40C up to 150C
Ratings SUPPLY VOLTAGE Voltage Range OUTPUTS : 1...4 Continuous Output Voltage (With no reverse current) Continuous Current Peak Output Current Clamped Energy at the Switching OFF (See gure 6) INPUTS Input Voltage (Inputs) Input Protection Diode Current OUTPUTS : SDO Input Voltage (Outputs) Input Protection Diode Current THERMAL RATINGS Operating Junction Temperature Thermal Resistance : Junction-case (One powerstage in use) Thermal Resistance : Junction-ambient (Device soldered on printed circuit board) Tj Rthjc Rthja - 40 150 4.5 50 C K/W K/W Vo Io - 0.3 - 20 Vcc + 0.3 1 V mA VIN IIN - 0.3 - 20 Vcc + 0.3 1 V mA Vout Ioutc Ioutp WOFF - 10 - 0.3 45
2.5
Symbols
Min
Max
Unit
Vcc
- 0.3
7
V
V A A mJ for 1ms
ISCBmax 70
RANGE OF FUNCTIONALITY Tcase = - 40C up to 125C
Ratings SUPPLY VOLTAGE Supply Voltage Range JUNCTION TEMPERATURE Junction Temperature Continuous (Continuous) Junction Temperature Dynamical (Time limited) OUTPUT CURRENT Output Current Range RESET BEHAVIOUR Reset Changeable (at NRES-Pin) Undervoltage Reset (Independent of NRES) Active for Vcc = 0V to VccPRO UNDERVOLTAGE PROTECTION Protection active for Vcc=0V to Vccpro OVER TEMPERATURE Temperature Detection Threshold TOFF 155 185 C VccPRO 1.5 4.0 V Vcc VccRES VccRES 3.35 5.5 3.95 V V Iout ISCBmax Tj1 Tj2 - 40 150 185 C C Vcc 4.5 5.5 V Symbols Min Max Unit
MC33385
MOTOROLA
2
MC33385
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS TCASE = - 40 up to + 125C and VCC = 4.5V up to 5.5V
Parameters SUPPLY CURRENT Standby Current (without load) (NON1...NON4 = High Level) 5.15V VCC 5.5V VCC Operating Mode (For 5.15V VCC) (Iout 1...4) = 2A DIcc During Reverse Output Current (Iout = - 5A on one output) INPUTS NONx, NCS, CLK, NRES, SDI Low Threshold High Threshold Hysteresis Input Current (Vin = Vcc) Input Current (Vcc >VRES & 0VIccSTB1 IccSTB2 IccOPM DIcc
6 7 17 100 50
mA mA mA mA mA
OVRp1 OVRp2 OVRn tdCP tdON
2 3.5 1.75
3 6 3
5 10 4 40
V/ms V/ms V/ms ms ms
1
2.5
5
MC33385
MOTOROLA
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MC33385
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS TCASE = - 40 up to + 125C and VCC = 4.5V up to 5.5V
Parameters Turn OFF Delay (NON = 50%, Vout = 0.1 * VBat) (NON = 50%, Vout = 4V) Undervoltage Protection Max ON time after a output voltage ramp from 0V to 25V at Vcc = 0V...Vccpro Matching Turn ON Delay (NON = 50%, Vout = 0.9 * VBat) Rise time Turn OFF (10% - 90% of Vclp) OUTPUTS REVERSE DIODE Reverse Output Current Reverse Peakcurrent (Note 1 and 2) Reverse Voltage Drop - Iout = - 5A - Iout = - 2,5A POWERSTAGE PROTECTION Short Current Limit Short Circuit Delay Time Vcc Undervoltage DIAGNOSTIC Short to GND Threshold Voltage for IOUT 2A Short to GND Filter Time Open Load Threshold Current Open Load Filter Time Pull-up Resistor Temperature Detection Threshold VREF TSCG IOL tOL ROL TOFF 0.390xVcc 140 10 140 2.0 155 0.435xVcc 250 50 250 8.0 185 V ms mA ms kW C ISCB tSCB Vccmin 3.0 0.2 3.35 5 2 3.95 A ms V IRD IRDP VRD1 VRD2 2,5 5 A A Symbol Min Typ Max Unit
tdOFFa tdOFFb trpON
1 4.7
3 7.5 100
ms ms ms
tmON trOFF
-3
3
ms
8.5
12
1.0 0.85
1.7 1.7
V V
NOTES 1&2: For t 2ms. Max. reverse current is limited to - 10A (for all outputs together)
SERIAL DIAGNOSTIC LINK : Load Capacitor at SDI and SDO = 100pF Clock Frequency (50% duty cycle) Minimum Time CLK = HIGH Minimum Time CLK = LOW Propagation Delay (CLF Data at SDO valid) NCS = LOW to Data at SDO Valid CLK Low Before NCS Low (Setup time CLK to NCS change H/L) CLK Change L/H after NCS = Low SDI Input Set up Time (CLK change H/Lafter SDI data valid) SDI Input Hold Time (SDI data hold after CLK change H/L) CLK Low Before NCS High CLK High After NCS High fclk tclh tcll tpcld tpcld tsclch 100 3 100 100 100 100 MHz ns ns ns ns ns
thclcl tscld
100 20
ns ns
thcld tsclcl thclch 150 150
20
ns ns ns
MC33385
MOTOROLA
4
MC33385
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS TCASE = - 40 up to + 125C and VCC = 4.5V up to 5.5V
Parameters NCSL/H ti Output Data Flout Capacitance at SDI, SDO, CLk, CS NCS Filtertime (Pulses tfNCS will be ignored) Symbol tpchdz tpcld tfNCS 10 Min Typ Max 100 10 40 Unit ns pF ns
DIAGNOSTIC REGISTER AND SPI TIMING Figure 1 - Timing Diagram to Read the Diagnostic Register
NCS CLK SDO SDI FR-RESET
FSL LSB D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 MSB
LSB
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
MSB
NOTE : FR -RESET means Reset failure storage (internal signal)
Figure 2 - Diagnostic Failure Register Structure
MSB LSB D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 FSL
D7
FAILURE INDICATOR BIT Only valid during NCS = LOW to the rst L to H CLK change 1 : failure stored 0 : no failure STATUS CHANNEL 4 11 : no failure 01 : open circuit 10: short to battery or overtemperature 00 : short to gnd STATUS CHANNEL 3 STATUS CHANNEL 2 STATUS CHANNEL 1
Figure 3 - Serial Interface Timing
NCS
tsclch thclcl tclh tcll tsclcl thclch
CLK
tcsdv tpcld FSL tcsdv D0 thcld D0 D1 D7 tpchdz D7
SDO
SDI
MC33385
MOTOROLA
5
MC33385
Figure 4 - Diagram to Short-Circuit to GNDFailure (SCG-Failure) Detection
Failure detection time for an SCG failure
NON
off on SCG-failure
Vdrain
Vdrain < Vref at off-state
t-SCG (filter-time)
Filter time
Failure detection
Failure store
Figure 5 - Diagram to Open Load Failure (OL-Failure) Detection
Sporatical failure detection Statical failure detection
Failure detection active for an sporatical OL-failure
NON
off on
Iload
I-OL
Iload > I-OL
Iload > IOL for t > tol
Diagnostic active
retrigger t filter retrigger filter t < t-ol
t-ol (filter-time)
tol Sporatical failure-detection
Failure detection
Failure store
Figure 6 - Max Clamp- Energy Specication
350 300 250 Energy (mJ) 200 150 100 50 0 0 0,5 1,5 1 2 2,5 Pulse-Duration (ms) 3 3,5 4 125C 25C
- 40C
MC33385
MOTOROLA
6
MC33385
DEVICE DESCRIPTION Introduction The device is a Quad Low Side Driver driven by four CMOS input stages. Each output power transistor is protected against short to VBAT and by a zener clamp against overvoltage. A diagnostic logic recognizes four failure types at the output stage : overcurrent, short to GND, open-load and overtemperature. The failures are individually stored in a byte which can be read out via a serial interface (SPI). Output Stage Control Each of the four output stages is switched ON and OFF by an individual control line (NON-Input). The logic level of the control line is CMOS compatible. The output transistors are switched off when the inputs are not connected. Power Transistors Each of the four output stages has its own zenerclamp. This causes a voltage limitation at the power transistors when inductive loads are switched off. Drain voltage ramp occurring when output is switched on or off, is within dened limits. Output transistors can be connected in parallel to increase current capability. In this case, the associated inputs should be connected together. Short-Circuit and Overtemperature Protection If the output current increases above the short current limit for a time longer than tSCB or if the temperature increases above TOFF then the power transistor is immediately switched off. It remains switched off until the control signal on the NONInput is switched off and on again. Diagnostics Following failures at the output stage are recognized : Short -Circuit to VBAt or overtemp...... = SCB (Highest priority) Short -Circuit to GND............................. = SCG Open Load................................................. = OL (Lowest priority) The SCB failure is recognized by an overcurrent (current above the short current limit) or an overtemperature. If the current through the output stage is lower than the IOLreference, after a lter time an OL failure will be recognized. This measurement is active while the powerstage is switched on. The SCG failure will recognize when the drain voltage is lower than the OL reference limit, while the output stage is switched off. All four outputs have an independent overtemperature detection and shutdown. All failures are stored in individual registers. They can be read by the microprocessor via the serial interface. There is no failure detected if the powerstage control time is shorter than the lter time. Diagnostic Interface The communication between the microprocessor and the failure register runs via the SPI link. If there is a failure stored in the failure register, the rst bit of the shift register is set to a high level. With the H/L change on the NCS pin the rst bit of the diagnostic shift register will be transmitted to the SDO output. The SDO output is the serial output from the diagnostic shift register and it is tristated when the NCS pin is high. The CLK pin clocks the diagnostic shift register. New SDO data will appear on every rising edge of this pin and new SDI data will be latched on every CLKOs falling edge into the shift register. With the rst positive pulse of the CLK, the failure register will be cleared. There is no bus collision at a small spike at the NCS. The CLK is always LOW while the NCS-signal is changing. Reset There are two different reset functions realised : Under voltage reset : as long as the Vcc voltage is lower than VCCRES, the powerstages are switched off and the failureregister are reseted. Reset pin : as long as the NRES-pin is low, following circuits are reseted : Powerstages Failure register Undervoltage Protection At low Vcc voltage, the device remains switched off even if there is a voltage ramp at the OUT pin.
MC33385
MOTOROLA
7
MC33385
This device is dedicated to automotive applications such as engine managements systems, automatic gear box... It interfaces between the microcontroller and the actuors of the system. The loads can be only resistive or resistive and inductive such as injectors, EGR valves...etc... Following is an example of application schematic, see gure below.
Figure 7 - Typical Application
VBat
Voltage Regulator
Loads 47nF..150nF NCS Vcc GND1 CLK GND2 GND3 SDI GND4 SDO NRES MC33385 NON1 OUT1 NON2 OUT2 NON3 OUT3 OUT4 NON4
MCU
PINS FUNCTION DESCRIPTION
Pin No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 OUT1 GND1 Case NON2 SDI CLK NCS NON4 OUT4 GND4 GND3 OUT3 NON3 Vcc NRES SDO NON1 GND2 OUT2
Function Ground 2 Output Channel 2 NC
Description
Input Control Signal for Channel 2 Serial Data Input Clock Line for Serial Interface Chip Select for Serial Interface Input Control Signal for Channel 4 Output Channel 4 Ground 4 Ground 3 Output Channel 3 Input Control Signal for Channel 3 5V Power Supply Reset Input Data Output of Serial Interface Input Control Signal Channel 1 NC Output Channel 1 Ground 1 Connected to the PCB Ground for Thermal Purposes
MC33385
MOTOROLA
8
MC33385 Figure 8 - Standby Current versus Temperature
3 2,75 2,50 IccSTB (mA) 2,25 2 1,75 Vcc=5,15V 1,50 1,25 1 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 T, TEMPERATURE (C) 100 125 Vcc=5,5V 12,50 12,00 11,50 IccOPM (mA) 11,00 10,50 10,00 9,50 9,00 8,50 -50 Vcc=5,15V All outputs=2A -25 0 25 50 75 T, TEMPERATURE (C) 100 125
Figure 9 - Operating Mode Current versus
Temperature
Figure 10 - Low Threshold Input Voltage versus
Temperature 380 375 370 365 360 355 350 345 340 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 T, TEMPERATURE (C) 100 125 Vcc=4,5V VinH/Vcc VinL/Vcc Vcc=5,5V
Figure 11 - High Threshold Input Voltage versus
Temperature 624 623 622 621 620 619 618 617 616 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 T, TEMPERATURE (C) 100 125 Vcc=4,5V ou 5,5V
Figure 12 - Output Clamp Voltage versus Temperature
55,00 54,50 54,00 53,50 Vclp (V) 53,00 52,50 52,00 51,50 51,00 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 T, TEMPERATURE (C) 100 125 Iout1=1A RDSon (mW)
Figure 13 - Rdson versus Temperature
400 375 350 325 300 275 250 225 200 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 T, TEMPERATURE (C) 100 125 Vcc=4,5V Iout1=3A
MC33385
MOTOROLA
9
MC33385 Figure 14 - Open Load versus Temperature Figure 15 - Vcc Undervoltage versus Temperature
3,78 3,77 3,76 VccMIN (V) -25 0 25 50 75 T, TEMPERATURE (C) 100 125 3,75 3,74 3,73 3,72 3,71 3,70 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 T, TEMPERATURE (C) 100 125
24,50 24,25 24,00 23,75 Iol (mA) 23,50 23,25 23,00 22,75 22,50 -50
Figure 16 - Short Current Limit versus Temperature
4,60 4,50 4,40 4,30 ISCB (A) 4,20 4,10 4,00 Vcc=4,5V 3,90 3,80 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 T, TEMPERATURE (C) 100 125
Figure 17 - Inductive Switching
I (200mA/div) Vcc=5,5V Clamp voltage V (10V/div)
Figure 18 - Turn on Delay
Figure 19 - Turn off Delay
In1 (1V/div) Vout1(2V/div) tdoffa tdoffb
tdon
Vout1(2V/div)
In1 (1V/div)
MC33385
MOTOROLA
10
MC33385 CASE OUTLINES
Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. Motorola makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Motorola assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. Typical parameters which may be provided in Motorola data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including Typicals must be validated for each customer application by customer's technical experts. Motorola does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. Motorola products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Motorola product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Motorola products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Motorola and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that Motorola was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. Motorola and are registered trademarks of Motorola, Inc. Motorola, Inc. is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer.
MC33385
MOTOROLA
11

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