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19-0841; Rev 0; 6/07
1000 Base-T, 15kV ESD Protection LAN Switch
General Description
The MAX4927 meets the needs of high-speed differential switching, including that of Gigabit Ethernet (10/100/1000) Base-T switching as well as LVDS and LVPECL switching. The MAX4927 provides enhanced ESD protection up to 15kV and excellent high-frequency response, making the device especially useful for interfaces that must go to an outside connection. The MAX4927 offers extremely low capacitance (CON), as well as low on-resistance (RON), for low-insertion loss and very wide bandwidth. In addition to the four pairs of DPDT switches, the MAX4927 provides LED switching for laptop computer/docking station use. The MAX4927 is pin-to-pin equivalent to the PI3L500-A and STMUX1000L. The MAX4927 can replace either device in those applications, improving ESD protection and eliminating external ESD components. The MAX4927 is available in a space-saving 56-pin TQFN package and operates over the extended -40C to +85C temperature range.
Features
ESD Protection 15kV-IEC 61000-4-2 Air-Gap Discharge 8kV-IEC 61000-4-2 Contact Discharge 15kV-Human Body Model Single +3.0V to +3.6V Power-Supply Voltage Low 4 (typ), 6.5 (max) On-Resistance (RON) Ultra-Low 8pF (typ) On-Capacitance (CON) -23dB Return Loss (100MHz) -3dB Bandwidth: 650MHz Optimized Pin Out for Easy Transformer and PHY Interface Built-In LED Switches for Switching Indicators to Docking Station Low 450A (max) Quiescent Current Bidirectional 8 to 16 Multiplexer/Demultiplexer Standard Pin Out, Matching the P13L500-A and STMUX1000L Space-Saving Lead-Free Package 56-Pin, 5mm x 11mm, TQFN Package
MAX4927
Applications
Notebooks and Docking Stations Servers and Routers with Ethernet Interfaces Board-Level Redundancy Protection SONET/SDH Signal Routing T3/E3 Redundancy Protection LVDS and LVPECL Switching
Pin Configuration
PART
GND GND GND
Ordering Information
PINPACKAGE 56 TQFN-EP* LED SWITCHES 3 PKG CODE T56511-1
TOP VIEW
0B1 1B1 0B2 1B2
VDD
4B1
5B1
2B1
3B1
2B2
3B2
4B2
5B2
6B1
7B1
6B2
7B2
48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 GND 49 VDD 50 2LED2 51 2LED1 52 GND 53 LED2 54 GND 55 VDD 56 + 1 GND 2 A0 3 A1 4 VDD 5 N.C. 6 GND 7 A2 8 A3 9 GND *EP 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 GND A7 SEL LED0 LED1 A4 A5 GND VDD A6 VDD 28 GND 27 VDD 26 1LED2 25 0LED2
MAX4927ETN+
MAX4927
24 GND 23 1LED1 22 0LED1 21 GND
+Denotes lead-free package. Note: All devices are specified over the -40C to +85C operating temperature range. *EP = Exposed pad.
*CONNECT EXPOSED PADDLE TO GND OR LEAVE EXPOSED PADDLE UNCONNECTED.
TQFN 5mm x 11mm
Typical Operating Circuit and Functional Diagrams appear at end of data sheet.
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products
1
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim's website at www.maxim-ic.com.
1000 Base-T, 15kV ESD Protection LAN Switch MAX4927
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
VDD...............................................................-0.3V to +4V All Other Pins.......................................-0.3V to (VDD + 0.3V) Continuous Current (A_ to _B_) ......................................120mA Continuous Current (LED_ to _LED_) ......................... 40mA Peak Current (A_ to _B_) (pulsed at 1ms, 10% duty cycle) ......................... 240mA Current into Any Other Pin................................................20mA Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70C) 56-Pin TQFN (derate 40.9mW/C above +70C) .......5278mW Operating Temperature Range ...................... -40C to +85C Junction Temperature............................................ +150C Storage Temperature Range ....................... -65C to +150C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300C
Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VDD = +3V to +3.6V, TA = TJ = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VDD = 3.3V, TA = +25C.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER ANALOG SWITCH On-Resistance RON VDD = 3V, IA_ = -40mA, VA_ = 0, 1.5V, 3V VDD = 3V, IA_ = -40mA, VA_ = 0, 1.5V, 3V TA = +25C TMIN to TMAX TA = +25C TMIN to TMAX 0.01 40 -1 -1 +1 +1 0.5 4 5.5 6.5 1.5 2 A A SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
On-Resistance Match Between Switch Pairs (Note 2) On-Resistance Flatness On-Resistance LED Switches Off-Leakage Current On-Leakage Current ESD PROTECTION
RON RFLAT(ON) RONLED ILA_(OFF) ILA_(ON)
VDD = 3V, IA_ = -40mA, VA_ = 1.5V, 3V VDD = 3V, I_LED_ = -40mA, VLED_ = 0, 1.5V, 3V VDD = 3.6V, VA_ = 0.3V, 3.3V; V_B1 or V_B2 = 3.3V, 0.3V VDD = 3.6V, VA_ = 0.3V, 3.3V; V_B1 or V_B2 = 0.3V, 3.3V, or floating IEC 61000-4-2 Air-Gap Discharge
15 8 15 kV
ESD Protection
IEC 61000-4-2 Contact Discharge Human Body Model (spec MIL-STD-883, Method 3015)
SWITCH AC PERFORMANCE Insertion Loss Return Loss ILOS RLOS VCT1 Crosstalk VCT2 RS = RL = 50, unbalanced, f = 1MHz (Note 2) f = 100MHz Any switch to any switch; RS = RL = 50, unbalanced, Figure 1 f = 25MHz f = 100MHz 0.6 -23 -50 dB -26 dB dB
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1000 Base-T 15kV ESD Protection LAN Switch
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VDD = +3V to +3.6V, TA = TJ = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VDD = 3.3V, TA = +25C.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER SWITCH AC CHARACTERISTICS -3dB Bandwidth Off-Capacitance On-Capacitance Turn-On Time Turn-Off Time Propagation Delay Output Skew Between Ports SWITCH LOGIC Input-Voltage Low Input-Voltage High Input-Logic Hysteresis Input Leakage Current Operating-Supply Voltage Range Quiescent Supply Current VIL VIH VHYST ISEL VDD IDD VDD = 3.6V, VSEL = 0V or VDD VDD = 3.0V VDD = 3.6V VDD = 3.3V VDD = 3.6V, VSEL = 0V or VDD -1 3.0 280 2.0 100 +1 3.6 450 0.8 V V mV A V A BW COFF CON tON tOFF tPLH, tPHL tSK(o) RS = RL = 50, unbalanced f = 1MHz, _B_, A_ f = 1MHz, _B_, A_ VA_ = 1V, RL = 100, Figure 2 VA_ = 1V, RL = 100, Figure 2 RS = RL = 50, unbalanced, Figure 3 Skew between any two ports, Figure 4 0.15 0.01 650 3.5 6.5 50 50 MHz pF pF ns ns ns ns SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
MAX4927
Note 1: Specifications at TA = -40C are guaranteed by design. Note 2: Guaranteed by design.
MAX4927
SINGLE-ENDED BANDWIDTH NETWORK ANALYZER 50 TRACE 56 TQFN 0B1 48
A0 2
50 TRACE
NETWORK ANALYZER
SINGLE-ENDED CROSSTALK NETWORK ANALYZER 50 TRACE
A2 7
2B1 43 R13 49.9
NETWORK ANALYZER
50 TRACE
A3 8
3B1 42 R14 49.9
SINGLE-ENDED OFF-ISOLATION NETWORK ANALYZER 50 TRACE R15 49.9
A4 11
4B1 37
50 TRACE
NETWORK ANALYZER
SEL 17 VDD OR 0V
Figure 1. Single-Ended Bandwidth, Crosstalk, and Off-Isolation _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3
1000 Base-T, 15kV ESD Protection LAN Switch MAX4927
SEL
VIH 50% 50%
A_
3.0V 2.0V 1.0V tPLHX tPHLX
VIL
tON 50% 50% tOFF
_B1
VOH 2.0V
0V
_B_
tOFF 50%
tON _B2 50%
tPLHY
VOL tPHLY VOH
0V
_B_
2.0V VOL
Figure 2. Turn-On and Turn-Off Times
OUTPUT SKEW = tSK(O) = |tPLHY - tPLHX| OR |tPHLY - tPHLX| THE MAX4927 SWITCHES ARE FULLY BIDIRECTIONAL.
3.0V 2.0V A_ 1.0V
Figure 4. Output Skew
tPLH
tPHL
VH 2.0V _B_ PULSE SKEW = tSK(p) = |tPHL - tPLH| THE MAX4927 SWITCHES ARE FULLY BIDIRECTIONAL. VL
Figure 3. Propagation Delay Times
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1000 Base-T, 15kV ESD Protection LAN Switch MAX4927
Typical Operating Characteristics
(VDD = 3.3V, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
ON-RESISTANCE vs. VA_
MAX4927 toc01
LED_ ON-RESISTANCE vs. VLED_
MAX4927 toc02
LEAKAGE CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX4927 toc03
6 5 4
24 22 20 18 16 RONLED () TA = +85C
1500
1200 LEAKAGE CURRENT (pA)
RON ()
3 2 1 0 0
TA = +85C TA = +25C TA = -40C
14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 TA = +25C TA = -40C
900 ILA_(ON) 600 ILA_(OFF)
300
0 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 VLED_ (V) 2.0 2.5 3.0 -40 -15 10 35 60 85 TEMPERATURE (C)
1.0 VA_ (V)
2.0
3.0
QUIESCENT SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX4927 toc04
SINGLE-ENDED INSERTION LOSS vs. FREQUENCY
-1 -2 INSERTION LOSS (dB) -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 -8
MAX4927 toc05
340 VDD = 3.6V QUIESCENT SUPPLY CURRENT (A) 320 300 280 260 240 220 200 -40 -15 10 35 60
0
-9 -10 85 1 10 100 1000 TEMPERATURE (C) FREQUENCY (MHz)
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1000 Base-T, 15kV ESD Protection LAN Switch MAX4927
Pin Description
PIN 1, 6, 9, 13, 16, 21, 24, 28, 33, 39, 44, 49, 53, 55 2 3 4, 10, 18, 27, 38, 50, 56 5 7 8 11 12 14 15 17 19 20 22 23 25 26 29 30 31 32 34 35 36 37 40 41 42 43 45 46 47 48 NAME FUNCTION
GND
Ground
A0 A1 VDD N.C. A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 SEL LED0 LED1 0LED1 1LED1 0LED2 1LED2 7B2 6B2 7B1 6B1 5B2 4B2 5B1 4B1 3B2 2B2 3B1 2B1 1B2 0B2 1B1 0B1
Switch 0. Common terminal 0. Switch 1. Common terminal 1. Positive-Supply Voltage Input. Bypass VDD to GND with a 0.1F ceramic capacitor (see the Power-Supply Bypassing section). No Connection. Not internally connected. Switch 2. Common terminal 2. Switch 3. Common terminal 3. Switch 4. Common terminal 4. Switch 5. Common terminal 5. Switch 6. Common terminal 6. Switch 7. Common terminal 7. Select Input. SEL selects switch connection. See the truth table (Table 1). LED0 Input LED1 Input 0LED1 Output. Drive SEL low (SEL = 0) to connect LED0 to 0LED1. 1LED1 Output. Drive SEL low (SEL = 0) to connect LED1 to 1LED1. 0LED2 Output. Drive SEL high (SEL = 1) to connect LED0 to 0LED2. 1LED2 Output. Drive SEL high (SEL = 1) to connect LED1 to 1LED2. Switch 7. Normally open terminal 7. Switch 6. Normally open terminal 6. Switch 7. Normally closed terminal 7. Switch 6. Normally closed terminal 6. Switch 5. Normally open terminal 5. Switch 4. Normally open terminal 4. Switch 5. Normally closed terminal 5. Switch 4. Normally closed terminal 4. Switch 3. Normally open terminal 3. Switch 2. Normally open terminal 2. Switch 3. Normally closed terminal 3. Switch 2. Normally closed terminal 2. Switch 1. Normally open terminal 1. Switch 0. Normally open terminal 0. Switch 1. Normally closed terminal 1. Switch 0. Normally closed terminal 0.
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1000 Base-T, 15kV ESD Protection LAN Switch
Pin Description (continued)
PIN 51 52 54 EP NAME 2LED2 2LED1 LED2 EP FUNCTION 2LED2 Output. Drive SEL high (SEL = 1) to connect LED2 to 2LED2. 2LED1 Output. Drive SEL low (SEL = 0) to connect LED2 to 2LED1. LED2 Input Exposed Paddle. Connect EP to GND or leave EP unconnected.
MAX4927
Detailed Description
The MAX4927 is a high-speed analog switch targeted for 1000 Base-T applications. In a typical application, the MAX4927 switches the signals from two separate interface transformers and connects the signals to a single 1000 Base-T Ethernet PHY (see the Typical Operating Circuit). This configuration simplifies dockingstation design by avoiding signal reflections associated with unterminated transmission lines in a T configuration. The MAX4927 is protected against 15kV electrostatic discharge (ESD) events. The MAX4927 also includes LED switches that allow the LED output signals to be routed to a docking station along with the Ethernet signals. See the Functional Diagrams. With its low resistance and capacitance, as well as high ESD protection, the MAX4927 can be used to switch most low-voltage differential signals, such as LVDS, SERDES, and LVPECL, as long as the signals do not exceed maximum ratings of the device. The MAX4927 switch provides an extremely low capacitance and on-resistance to meet Ethernet insertion and return-loss specifications. The MAX4927 features three built-in LED switches. The MAX4927 incorporates a unique architecture design utilizing only n-channel switches within the main Ethernet switch, reducing I/O capacitance and channel resistance. An internal two-stage charge pump with a nominal 7.5V output provides the high voltage needed to drive the gates of the n-channel switches while maintaining a consistently low RON throughout the input signal range. An internal bandgap reference set to 1.23V and an internal oscillator running at 2.5MHz provide proper charge-pump operation. Unlike other charge-pump circuits, the MAX4927 includes internal flyback capacitors, reducing design time, board space, and cost.
Table 1. Truth Table
SEL 0 1 CONNECTION A_ to _B1, LED_ to _LED1 A_ to _B2, LED_ to _LED2
Analog Signal Levels
The on-resistance of the MAX4927 is very low and stable as the analog input signals are swept from ground to VDD (see the Typical Operating Characteristics). The switches are bidirectional, allowing A_ and _B_ to be configured as either inputs or outputs.
15kV ESD Protection
As with all Maxim devices, ESD-protection structures are incorporated on all pins to protect against electrostatic discharges encountered during handling and assembly. All the high-frequency switch inputs (A_, _B_), LED switch inputs (LED_, _LED_), and SEL have high ESD protection against static electricity. Maxim's engineers have developed state-of-the-art structures to protect these pins against ESD of 15kV without damage. After an ESD event, the MAX4927 keeps working without latchup or damage. ESD protection can be tested in various ways. All signal and control inputs of the MAX4927 are characterized for protection to the following limits: * 15kV using the Human Body Model * 8kV using the Contact Discharge Method specified in IEC 61000-4-2 * 15kV using the Air-Gap Discharge Method specified in IEC 61000-4-2 ESD Test Conditions ESD performance depends on a variety of conditions. Contact Maxim for a reliability report that documents test setup, test methodology, and test results.
Digital Control Inputs
The MAX4927 provides a single digital control input, SEL. SEL controls the high-frequency switches as well as the LED switches as shown in Table 1.
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1000 Base-T, 15kV ESD Protection LAN Switch MAX4927
Human Body Model Figure 5a shows the Human Body Model. Figure 5b shows the current waveform it generates when discharged into a low impedance. This model consists of a 100pF capacitor charged to the ESD voltage of interest, which is then discharged into the test device through 1.5k resistor. IEC 61000-4-2 The IEC 61000-4-2 standard covers ESD testing and performance of finished equipment. However, it does not specifically refer to integrated circuits. The MAX4927 helps equipment design to meet IEC 61000-4-2 without the need for additional ESD-protected components. The major difference between tests done using the Human Body Model and IEC 61000-4-2 is higher peak current in IEC 61000-4-2 because series resistance is lower in the IEC 61000-4-2 model. Hence, the ESD withstand voltage measured to IEC 61000-4-2 is generally lower than that measured using the Human Body Model. Figure 5c shows the IEC 61000-4-2 model, and Figure 5d shows the current waveform for IEC 61000-42 ESD Contact Discharge test. Machine Model The machine model for ESD tests all pins using a 200pF storage capacitor and zero discharge resistance. The objective is to emulate the stress caused when I/O pins are contacted by handling equipment during test and assembly. The Air-Gap Discharge Method involves approaching the device with a charged probe. The Contact Discharge Method connects the probe to the device before the probe is energized.
Applications Information
Typical Operating Circuit
The Typical Operating Circuit shows the MAX4927 in a 1000 Base-T docking station application.
Power-Supply Sequencing and Overvoltage Protection
Caution: Do not exceed the absolute maximum ratings. Stresses beyond the listed ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. Proper power-supply sequencing is recommended for all CMOS devices. Always apply VDD before applying analog signals, especially if the analog signal is not current limited.
Power-Supply Bypassing
Bypass at least one VDD input to ground with a 0.1F or larger ceramic capacitor as close to the device as possible. Use the smallest physical size possible for optimal performance (0603 body size is recommended). It is also recommended to bypass more than one VDD input. A good strategy is to bypass one VDD input with a 0.1F capacitor, and at least a second VDD input with a 10nF capacitor (use 0603 or smaller physical size ceramic capacitor).
Layout
High-speed switches require proper layout and design procedures for optimum performance. Keep design-controlled-impedance PCB traces as short as possible. Ensure that bypass capacitors are as close as possible to the device. Use large ground planes where possible.
Chip Information
PROCESS: BiCMOS
8
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1000 Base-T, 15kV ESD Protection LAN Switch MAX4927
RC 1M CHARGE-CURRENTLIMIT RESISTOR HIGHVOLTAGE DC SOURCE RD 1500 DISCHARGE RESISTANCE DEVICE UNDER TEST HIGHVOLTAGE DC SOURCE RC 50M TO 100M CHARGE-CURRENTLIMIT RESISTOR RD 330 DISCHARGE RESISTANCE DEVICE UNDER TEST
Cs 100pF
STORAGE CAPACITOR
Cs 150pF
STORAGE CAPACITOR
Figure 5a. Human Body ESD Test Model
Figure 5c. ICE 61000-4-2 ESD Test Model
IP 100% 90% AMPS 36.8% 10% 0 0 tRL TIME
Ir
PEAK-TO-PEAK RINGING (NOT DRAWN TO SCALE) IPEAK
I 100% 90%
10% tDL CURRENT WAVEFORM tr = 0.7ns TO 1ns 30ns 60ns t
Figure 5b. Human Body Current Waveform
Figure 5d. IEC 61000-4-2 ESD Generator Current Waveform
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1000 Base-T, 15kV ESD Protection LAN Switch MAX4927
Typical Operating Circuit
DOCKING STATION
TRANSFORMER
RJ-45
LED
CONNECTOR NOTEBOOK
0B2 1B2 2B2 3B2 TRD0_P TRD0_N A0 A1 4B2 5B2 6B2 7B2 _LED2
TRD1_P TRD1_N ETHERNET PHY/MAC TRD2_P TRD2_N
A2 A3
MAX4927
A4 A5 0B1 1B1
TRANSFORMER
TRD3_P TRD3_N
A6 A7
2B1 3B1 4B1 5B1 6B1 7B1
RJ-45
LED_OUT
LED_
SEL
SEL_DOCK
_LED1
LED
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1000 Base-T, 15kV ESD Protection LAN Switch
Functional Diagram
MAX4927
A0 A1
0B1 1B1 0B2 1B2
A2 A3
2B1 3B1 2B2 3B2
A4 A5
4B1 5B1 4B2 5B2
A6 A7
6B1 7B1 6B2 7B2
LED0 LED1 LED2
0LED1 0LED2 1LED1 1LED2 2LED1 2LED2
SEL MAX4927
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1000 Base-T, 15kV ESD Protection LAN Switch MAX4927
Package Information
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)
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THIN QFN.EPS
1000 Base-T, 15kV ESD Protection LAN Switch
Package Information (continued)
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)
MAX4927
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 ____________________ 13 (c) 2007 Maxim Integrated Products is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.

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