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Technical S pecification
PQ55540HTL05
38-55V
Input
54V
Output
275W
Power
2250Vdc
Isolation
Half-brick
DC/DC Conver ter
Th e P Q55 540H TL 05 Pow e r Qor (R) Te ra h alf - br ic k conv e rt e r i s a n ext - gene ra t ion , b oa r d- mou n t ab le , is ol a te d, fixed s wit ch in g fr eq ue ncy DC /DC c on ver ter tha t u se s sy nc hr on ou s re cti fi ca tio n t o a ch iev e ext r emel y h igh con v ers io n effic ien cy . T he p owe r di ss ip at ed b y t h e c on ve rt er is so l ow th a t a h ea ts in k is no t r eq uir ed , whi ch s av es cos t , weigh t, h eigh t , a n d a pp l i c atio n effor t. Th e T er a ser ies c on ve rter s offe r the ma ximum u s eab l e ou tpu t p ower for a sta nd a rd "h a lf- b rick" mod u le. T he 54 V T er a un it s a re d es igned to b e us ed p r imar il y in P owe r o ve r Eth er net (P oE) ap p lic atio ns . RoHS C omp lia n t (see page 12 ).
Operational Features
* Ultra-high efficiency, 93% at full rated load current * Delivers up to 275 Watts of output power with minimal derating - no heatsink required * Input voltage range: 38V - 55V suitable for 48V bus applications * Fixed frequency switching provides predictable EMI performance
PQ55540HTL05 Module
Pr otection Features
* Input under-voltage lockout disables converter at low input voltage conditions * Output current limit and short circuit shutdown protects converter and load from permanent damage * Active back bias limit prevents damage to converter from external load induced pre-bias * Output over-voltage protection * Thermal shutdown
Mechanical Features
* Industry standard half-brick pin-out configuration * Industry standard size: 2.3" x 2.4" (58.4 x 61.0mm) * Total height only 0.34" (8.7mm), permits better airflow and smaller card pitch * Total weight: 2.6 oz. (75 grams)
Safety Features
* 2250V, 30 M input-to-output isolation * UL/cUL 60950-1 recognized (US & Canada), basic insulation rating * TUV certified to EN60950-1 * Meets 72/23/EEC and 93/68/EEC directives * Meets UL94V-0 flammability requirements
Contr ol Features
* On/Off control referenced to input side (positive and negative logic options are available) * Remote sense for the output voltage compensates for output distribution drops * Output voltage trim permits custom voltages and voltage margining
Product # PQ55540HTL05 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2HT554F Rev. A
04/20/06
Page 1
Technical Specification
MECHANICAL DIAGRAM
0.19
(4.8)
Input: Output: Current: Package:
2.30
(58.4)
38-55 V 54 V 5.1 A (275W) Half-brick
0.400
(10.16)
1.90
(48.3)
0.700
(17.78)
1 2
1.400
(35.56)
8 7 Top View 6 5
1.000
(25.40)
2.40 1.400
(35.56) (61.0)
0.400
(10.16)
0.50
(12.7)
3
4
Side View
Bottom side Clearance
See Note 10 Lowest Component
0.012+/-0.009
(0.3+/-0.22)
0.145
Load Board (3.68) See Note 4
0.343+/-0.017
(8.7+/-0.43)
NOTES
1) Pins 1-3, 5-7 are 0.040" (1.02mm) diameter. with 0.080" (2.03mm) diameter standoff shoulders. 2) Pins 4 and 8 are 0.080" (2.03 mm) diameter with 0.125" (3.18mm) diameter standoff shoulders. 3) Other pin extension lengths available. Recommended pin length is 0.03" (0.76mm) greater than the PCB thickness. 4) All Pins: Material - Copper Alloy Finish (RoHS 5/6) - Tin/Lead over Nickel plate Finish (RoHS 6/6) - Matte Tin over Nickel plate 5) Undimensioned components are shown for visual reference only. 6) All dimensions in inches (mm) Tolerances: x.xx +/-0.02 in. (x.x +/-0.5mm) x.xxx +/-0.010 in. (x.xx +/-0.25mm) 7) Weight: 2.6 oz. (75g) typical 8) Workmanship: Meets or exceeds IPC-A-610C Class II 9) UL/TUV standards require a clearance greater than 0.04"
(1.02mm) between input and output for Basic insulation. This issue should be considered if any copper traces are on the top side of the user's board. Note that the ferrite cores are considered part of the input/primary circuit.
PIN DESIGNATIONS
Pin No. Name
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Notes: 1. SENSE(-) should be connected to Vout(-) either remotely or at the converter. 2. Leave TRIM pin open for nominal output voltage. 3. SENSE(+) should be connected to Vout(+) either remotely or at the converter.
Doc.# 005-2HT554F Rev. A 04/20/06 Page 2
Function
Positive input voltage TTL input to turn converter on and off, referenced to Vin(-), with internal pull up. Negative input voltage Negative output voltage Return remote sense1 Output voltage trim2 Positive remote sense3 Positive output voltage
Vin(+) ON/OFF Vin(-) Vout(-) SENSE(-) TRIM SENSE(+) Vout(+)
Product # PQ55540HTL05
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Technical Specification
PQ55540HTL05 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Parameter
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Input: Output: Current: Package:
38-55 V 54 V 5.1 A (275W) Half-brick
TA=25C, airflow rate=300 LFM, Vin=48Vdc unless otherwise noted; full operating temperature range is -40C to +100C ambient temperature with appropriate power derating. Specifications subject to change without notice.
Min. Typ. Max.
60 55 2250 100 125 18 48 35.5 33.2 2.3 59.2 95 2.5 0.058 172 174 2\11 47 53.50 54.00 55 36.5 34.2 2.4 60.0 8.5 125 5 2 20
Units
V V V C C V V V V V V A mA mA A 2s V mA mA A H\F F V %\mV %\mV mV V mV mV A A V F dB mV mV s
Notes & Conditions
Continuous Continuous Basic insulation level, Pollution degree 2
Input Voltage Non-Operating Operating Isolation Voltage (input to output) Operating Temperature Storage Temperature Voltage at ON/OFF input pin Operating Input Voltage Range Input Under-Voltage Lockout Turn-On Voltage Threshold Turn-Off Voltage Threshold Lockout Voltage Hysteresis Input Over-Voltage Shutdown Maximum Input Current No-Load Input Current Disabled Input Current Inrush Current Transient Rating Response to Input Transient Input Reflected Ripple Current Input Terminal Ripple Current Recommended Input Fuse Input Filter Component Values (L\C) Recommended External Input Capacitance Output Voltage Set Point Output Voltage Regulation Over Line Over Load Over Temperature Total Output Voltage Range Output Voltage Ripple and Noise1 Peak-to-Peak RMS Operating Output Current Range Output DC Current-Limit Inception Output DC Current-Limit Shutdown Voltage Maximum Output Capacitance Input Voltage Ripple Rejection Output Voltage during Load Current Transient For a Step Change in Output Current (0.1A/s) For a Step Change in Output Current (1A/s) Settling Time Turn-On Transient Turn-On Time Start-Up Inhibit Time Output Voltage Overshoot 100% Load 50% Load Semiconductor Junction Temperature Board Temperature Transformer Temperature Baseplate Temperature Isolation Voltage (dielectric strength) Isolation Resistance Isolation Capacitance2
-40 -55 -2 38 34.5 32.2 2.2 58.3
INPUT CHARACTERISTICS
100% Load, 38 Vin, trim up 5%
1000V/ms input trans; 200F cap; Figure 17 RMS thru 10H inductor; Figures 13 & 15 RMS; Figures 13 & 14 Fast blow external fuse recommended Internal values, see Figure E Typical ESR 0.1-0.2, see Figure 13
OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS
54.50
52.4
+0.05 \ 20 +0.1 \ 50 +0.1 \ 40 +0.15 \ 75 +150 +300 55.6 190 50 5.95 30 50 500 500 400 225 75 5.1 6.3 1,800
0.5 5.60
Over sample, line, load, temperature & life 20MHz bandwidth; Figures 13 & 16 Full Load, see Figures 13 & 16 Full Load, see Figures 13 & 16 Subject to thermal derating; Figures 5 - 8 Output Voltage 10% Low; Figure 23 54Vout at 5.1A Resistive Load 120 Hz; Figure 20 50-75-50% Iout max; 200F cap; Figure 11 50-75-50% Iout max; 200F cap; Figure 12 To within 1% Vout nom Full load, Vout=90% nom.; Figures 9 & 10 -40C to +125C; Figure A 1mF load capacitance, Iout = 0A Figures 1 - 4 Figures 1 - 4 Package rated to 150C UL rated max operating temp 130C See Figures 5 - 8 for derating curves Baseplated version only
DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS
200
25 220 0 92.9 93.6
40 240
ms ms % % %
EFFICIENCY
TEMPERATURE LIMITS FOR POWER DERATING CURVES
125 125 125 100 2250 30 3300
C C C C V M pF
ISOLATION CHARACTERISTICS
Note 1: For applications requiring reduced output voltage ripple and noise, consult SynQor applications support (e-mail: support@synqor.com). Note 2: Higher values of isolation capacitance can be added external to the module.
Product # PQ55540HTL05
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2HT554F Rev. A
04/20/06
Page 3
Technical Specification
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Continued)
Parameter P
FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS
Input: Output: Current: Package:
38-55 V 54 V 5.1 A (275W) Half-brick
Min.
230 -2 2.7 2.7 -2
Typ.
260
Max.
290 0.8 18 18 0.8
Units
kHz V V V V V k % % % C C
6
Notes & Conditions
Regulation and Isolation stages
Switching Frequency ON/OFF Control (Option P) Off-State Voltage On-State Voltage ON/OFF Control (Option N) Off-State Voltage On-State Voltage ON/OFF Control (Either Option) Pull-Up Voltage Pull-Up Resistance Output Voltage Trim Range Output Voltage Remote Sense Range Output Over-Voltage Protection Over-Temperature Shutdown Over-Temperature Shutdown Restart Hysteresis Load Current Scale Factor Calculated MTBF (Telcordia) Calculated MTBF (MIL-217) Field Demonstrated MTBF
-20
Vin/6 42 110 125 9 147 2.2 1.3
15 +5 +5
Figures A & B Measured across Pins 8 & 4; Figure C Measured across Pins 8 & 4 Over full temp range; % of nominal Vout Average PCB Temperature See App Note: Output Load Current Calc.
RELIABILITY CHARACTERISTICS
10 Hrs. TR-NWT-000332; 80% load,300LFM, 40oC Ta 106 Hrs. MIL-HDBK-217F; 80% load, 300LFM, 40oC Ta 106 Hrs. See our website for details
STANDARDS COMPLIANCE
Parameter P
STANDARDS COMPLIANCE
Notes
File # E194341, Basic insulation & pollution degree 2 Certified by TUV Test on entire assembly; board & plastic components UL94V-0 compliant ESD test, 8kV - NP, 15kV air - NP (Normal Performance) Section 7 - electrical safety, Section 9 - bonding/grounding
UL/cUL 60950-1 EN60950-1 72/23/EEC 93/68/EEC Needle Flame Test (IEC 695-2-2) IEC 61000-4-2 GR-1089-CORE
* An external input fuse must always be used to meet these safety requirements. Contact SynQor for official safety certificates on new releases or download from the SynQor website.
QUALIFICATION TESTING
Parameter P
QUALIFICATION TESTING
# Units
32 5 5 10 5 5 5 15 pins
Test Conditions
10-55Hz sweep, 0.060" total excursion,1 min./sweep, 120 sweeps for 3 axis
Life Test Vibration Mechanical Shock Temperature Cycling Power/Thermal Cycling Design Marginality Humidity Solderability
95% rated Vin and load, units at derating point, 1000 hours
100g minimum, 2 drops in x and y axis, 1 drop in z axis -40C to 100C, unit temp. ramp 15C/min., 500 cycles Toperating = min to max, Vin = min to max, full load, 100 cycles Tmin-10C to Tmax+10C, 5C steps, Vin = min to max, 0-105% load 85C, 85% RH, 1000 hours, 2 minutes on and 6 hours off MIL-STD-883, method 2003
* Extensive characterization testing of all SynQor products and manufacturing processes is performed to ensure that we supply robust, reliable product. Contact the factory for official product family qualification documents.
OPTIONS
SynQor provides various options for Logic Sense, Pin Length and Feature Set for this family of DC/DC converters. Please consult the last page of this specification sheet for information on available options.
Product # PQ55540HTL05 Phone 1-888-567-9596
PATENTS
SynQor is protected under various patents, including but not limited to U.S. Patent #s 5,999,417; 6,222,742 B1; 6,594,159 B2; 6,545,890 B2.
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Doc.# 005-2HT554F Rev. A
04/20/06
Page 4
Technical Specification
95 95
Input: Output: Current: Package:
38-55 V 54 V 5.1 A (275W) Half-brick
92
94
Efficiency (%)
89
Efficiency (%)
38 Vin 48 Vin 55 Vin
93
86
92
83
91
25 C 40 C 55 C
80 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
90 0 100 200 300 400
Load Current (A)
Air Flow (LFM)
Figure 1: Efficiency at nominal output voltage vs. load current for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25C.
Figure 2: Efficiency at nominal output voltage and 60% rated power vs. airflow rate for ambient air temperatures of 25C, 40C, and 55C (nominal input voltage).
14 13
25
20
Power Dissipation (W)
Power Dissipation (W)
38 Vin 48 Vin 55 Vin
12 11 10 9 8 25 C 7 6 40 C 55 C
15
10
5
0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
0
100
200
300
400
Load Current (A)
Air Flow (LFM)
Figure 3: Power dissipation at nominal output voltage vs. load current for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25C.
Figure 4: Power dissipation at nominal output voltage and 60% rated power vs. airflow rate for ambient air temperatures of 25C, 40C, and 55C (nominal input voltage).
6.0
5.0
4.0
Iout (A)
3.0
2.0 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 1.0 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) 0.0 0 25 40 55 70 85
Ambient Air Temperature (C)
Figure 5: Maximum output power derating curves vs. ambient air temperature for airflow rates of 100 LFM through 400 LFM with air flowing from input to output (nominal input voltage).
Product # PQ55540HTL05 Phone 1-888-567-9596
Figure 6: Thermal plot of converter at 4.2 amp load current (227W) with 55C air flowing at the rate of 200 LFM. Air is flowing across the converter from input to output (nominal input voltage).
Doc.# 005-2HT554F Rev. A 04/20/06 Page 5
www.synqor.com
Technical Specification
6
Input: Output: Current: Package:
38-55 V 54 V 5.1 A (275W) Half-brick
5
4
Iout (A)
3
2 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 1 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) 0 0 25 40 55 70 85
Ambient Air Temperature (C)
Figure 7: Maximum output power derating curves vs. ambient air temperature for airflow rates of 100 LFM through 400 LFM with air flowing from output to input (nominal input voltage).
Figure 8: Thermal plot of converter at 4.0 amp load current (216W) with 55C air flowing at the rate of 200 LFM. Air is flowing across the converter from output to input (nominal input voltage).
Figure 9: Turn-on transient at full load (resistive load) (10 ms/div). Input voltage pre-applied. Top Trace: Vout (20V/div). Bottom Trace: ON/OFF input (5V/div).
Figure 10: Turn-on transient at 0.5A load (10 ms/div). Top Trace: Vout (20V/div). Bottom Trace: ON/OFF input (5V/div).
Figure 11: Output voltage response to step-change in load current (50%-75%50% of Iout(max); dI/dt = 0.1A/s). Load cap: 200F, 450 m ESR electrolytic cap and 1F ceramic cap. Top trace: Vout (1V/div), Bottom trace: Iout (1A/div).
Product # PQ55540HTL05 Phone 1-888-567-9596
Figure 12: Output voltage response to step-change in load current (50%-75%50% of Iout(max): dI/dt = 1A/s). Load cap: 200F, 450 m ESR electrolytic cap and 1F ceramic cap. Top trace: Vout (1V/div), Bottom trace: Iout (1A/div).
Doc.# 005-2HT554F Rev. A 04/20/06 Page 6
www.synqor.com
Technical Specification
See Fig. 15
source impedance
Input: Output: Current: Package:
38-55 V 54 V 5.1 A (275W) Half-brick
10 H
See Fig. 14 See Fig. 16
iS
VSOURCE
iC
DC/DC Converter 1 F
VOUT
200 F,
47 F, <1 ESR
electrolytic capacitor
ceramic 450m ESR capacitor electrolytic capacitor
Figure 13: Test set-up diagram showing measurement points for Input Terminal Ripple Current (Figure 14), Input Reflected Ripple Current (Figure 15) and Output Voltage Ripple (Figure 16).
Figure 14: Input Terminal Ripple Current, ic, at full rated output current and nominal input voltage with 10H source impedance and 47F electrolytic capacitor (200 mA/div). (See Figure 13)
Figure 15: Input reflected ripple current, is, through a 10 H source inductor at nominal input voltage and rated load current (10 mA/div). (See Figure 13)
Figure 16: Output voltage ripple at nominal input voltage and rated load current (50 mV/div). Load capacitance: 1F ceramic capacitor and 200F electrolytic capacitor. Bandwidth: 20 MHz. (See Figure 13)
Figure 17: Output voltage response to step-change in input voltage (1000V/ms). Load cap: 200F, electrolytic output capacitance. Ch 1: Vin (10V/div), Ch 2: Vout (1V/div).
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Figure 18: Load current (2A/div) as a function of time when the converter attempts to turn on into a 3.3 short circuit. Top trace (2.5ms/div) is an expansion of the on-time portion of the bottom trace.
Doc.# 005-2HT554F Rev. A 04/20/06 Page 7
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Technical Specification
1
0 -10
Input: Output: Current: Package:
38-55 V 54 V 5.1 A (275W) Half-brick
Forward Transmission (dB)
Output Impedance ( )
-20 -30 -40 -50 -60 38 Vin -70 -80 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 48 Vin 55 Vin
0.1
0.01
38 Vin 48 Vin 0.001 10 100 1,000 10,000 55 Vin 100,000
Hz
Hz
Figure 19: Magnitude of incremental output impedance (Zout = vout/iout) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power and 200F capacitance.
20
Figure 20: Magnitude of incremental forward transmission (FT = vout/vin) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power and 200F capacitance.
100
10
Reverse Transmission (dB)
Input Impedance ( )
38 Vin 48 Vin 55 Vin
0
10
-10
-20
1
-30
38 Vin 48 Vin 0 55 Vin 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000
-40
-50 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000
Hz
Hz
Figure 21: Magnitude of incremental reverse transmission (RT = iin/iout) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power and 200F capacitance.
60
Figure 22: Magnitude of incremental input impedance (Zin = vin/iin) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power and 200F capacitance.
50
Output Voltage (V)
40
30
20 38 V 10 48 V 55 V 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Load Current (A)
Figure 23: Output voltage vs. load current showing typical current limit curves and converter shutdown points.
Product # PQ55540HTL05 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2HT554F Rev. A 04/20/06 Page 8
Technical Specification
BASIC OPERATION AND FEATURES
The PowerQor series converter uses a two-stage power conversion topology. The first stage is a buck-converter that keeps the output voltage constant over variations in line, load, and temperature. The second stage uses a transformer to provide the functions of input/output isolation and voltage step-down to achieve the low output voltage required. Both the first stage and the second stage switch at a fixed frequency for predictable EMI performance. Rectification of the transformer's output is accomplished with synchronous rectifiers. These devices, which are MOSFETs with a very low on-state resistance, dissipate far less energy than Schottky diodes. This is the primary reason that the PowerQor converter has such high efficiency, even at very low output voltages and very high output currents. Dissipation throughout the converter is so low that it does not require a heatsink for operation. Since a heatsink is not required, the PowerQor converter does not need a metal baseplate or potting material to help conduct the dissipated energy to the heatsink. The PowerQor converter can thus be built more simply and reliably using high yield surface mount techniques on a PCB substrate. The PowerQor series of half-brick, quarter-brick and eighth-brick converters uses the industry standard footprint and pin-out configuration.
Input: Output: Current: Package:
CONTROL FEATURES
38-55 V 54 V 5.1 A (275W) Half-brick
REMOTE ON/OFF (Pin 2): The ON/OFF input, Pin 2, permits the user to control when the converter is on or off. This input is referenced to the return terminal of the input bus, Vin(-). There are two versions of the converter that differ by the sense of the logic used for the ON/OFF input. In the positive logic version, the ON/OFF input is active high (meaning that a high turns the converter on). In the negative logic version, the ON/OFF signal is active low (meaning that a low turns the converter on). Figure A details five possible circuits for driving the ON/OFF pin. Figure B is a detailed look of the internal ON/OFF circuitry. REMOTE SENSE(+) (Pins 8 and 6): The SENSE(+) inputs correct for voltage drops along the conductors that connect the converter's output pins to the load. Pin 8 should be connected to Vout(+) and Pin 6 should be connected to Vout(-) at the point on the board where regulation is desired. A remote connection at the load can adjust for a voltage drop only as large as that specified in this datasheet, that is
[Vout(+) - Vout(-)] - [Vsense(+) - Vsense(-)] <
Sense Range % x Vout
Pins 8 and 6 must be connected for proper regulation of the output voltage. If these connections are not made, the converter will deliver an output voltage that is slightly higher than its specified value. Note: the output over-voltage protection circuit senses the voltage across the output (pins 9 and 5) to determine when it should trig-
ON/OFF
ON/OFF
ON/OFF
Vin(_) Remote Enable Circuit
Vin(_) Negative Logic (Permanently Enabled) ON/OFF
TTL/ CMOS
Vin(_) Positive Logic (Permanently Enabled)
Vin(+)
274k ON/OFF 50k
5V
5V ON/OFF
TTL
100pF 50k
Vin(_) Open Collector Enable Circuit
Vin(_) Direct Logic Drive
Vin(_)
Figure A: Various circuits for driving the ON/OFF pin.
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Figure B: Internal ON/OFF pin circuitry
Doc.# 005-2HT554F Rev. A 04/20/06 Page 9
Technical Specification
ger, not the voltage across the converter's sense leads (pins 8 and 6). Therefore, the resistive drop on the board should be small enough so that output OVP does not trigger, even during load transients. OUTPUT VOLTAGE TRIM (Pin 7): The TRIM input permits the user to adjust the output voltage across the sense leads up or down according to the trim range specifications. To decrease the output voltage, the user should connect a resistor between Pin 7 and Pin 6 (SENSE(-) input). For a desired decrease of the nominal output voltage, the value of the resistor should be
Input: Output: Current: Package:
38-55 V 54 V 5.1 A (275W) Half-brick
It is not necessary for the user to add capacitance at the Trim pin. The node is internally bypassed to eliminate noise. Total DC Variation of Vout: For the converter to meet its full specifications, the maximum variation of the DC value of Vout, due to both trimming and remote load voltage drops, should not be greater than that specified for the output voltage trim range.
PROTECTION FEATURES
Input Under-Voltage Lockout: The converter is designed to turn off when the input voltage is too low, helping avoid an input system instability problem, described in more detail in the application note titled "Input System Instability". The lockout circuitry is a comparator with DC hysteresis. When the input voltage is rising, it must exceed the typical Turn-On Voltage Threshold value (listed on the specification page) before the converter will turn on. Once the converter is on, the input voltage must fall below the typical Turn-Off Voltage Threshold value before the converter will turn off. Input Over-Voltage Shutdown: The converter turns off when the input voltage is too high, allowing the converter to withstand an input voltage as high as 60V without destruction. The shutdown circuitry is a comparator with DC hysteresis. When the input voltage exceeds the typical Input Over-Voltage Shutdown value, the converter will turn off. Once the converter is off, it will turn back on when the input voltage falls below the minimum Input Over-Voltage Shutdown value. Output Current Limit: The maximum current limit remains constant as the output voltage drops. However, once the impedance of the short across the output is small enough to make the output voltage drop below the specified Output DC Current-Limit Shutdown Voltage, the converter turns off. The converter then enters a "hiccup mode" where it repeatedly turns on and off at a 5 Hz (nominal) frequency with a 5% duty cycle until the short circuit condition is removed. This prevents excessive heating of the converter or the load board. Output Over-Voltage Limit: If the voltage across the output pins exceeds the Output Over-Voltage Protection threshold, the converter will immediately stop switching. This prevents damage to the load circuit due to 1) excessive series resistance in output current path from converter output pins to sense point, 2) a release of a short-circuit condition, or 3) a release of a current limit condition. Load capacitance determines exactly how high the output voltage will rise in response to these conditions. After 200 ms the converter will automatically restart.
Rtrim-down =
where
(100%) - 2
(k)
% =
Vnominal - Vdesired Vnominal
x 100%
To increase the output voltage, the user should connect a resistor between Pin 7 and Pin 8 (SENSE(+) input). For a desired increase of the nominal output voltage, the value of the resistor should be
Rtrim-up =
(Vnominal - 2) x VDES + VNOM 1.225
VDES - VNOM
(k)
Figure C graphs the relationship between the trim resistor value and Rtrim-up and Rtrim-down, showing the total range the output voltage can be trimmed up or down.
100,000
Trim Resistance (kOhms)
10,000
1,000
100
10
1 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
% Increase in Vout
% Decrease in Vout
Figure C: Trim Graph for 54Vout module
Note: the TRIM feature does not affect the voltage at which the output over-voltage protection circuit is triggered. Trimming the output voltage too high may cause the over-voltage protection circuit to engage, particularly during transients.
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Doc.# 005-2HT554F Rev. A
04/20/06
Page 10
Technical Specification
Over-Temperature Shutdown: A temperature sensor on the converter senses the average temperature of the module. The thermal shutdown circuit is designed to turn the converter off when the temperature at the sensed location reaches the OverTemperature Shutdown value. It will allow the converter to turn on again when the temperature of the sensed location falls by the amount of the Over-Temperature Shutdown Restart Hysteresis value.
Input: Output: Current: Package:
38-55 V 54 V 5.1 A (275W) Half-brick
Input Filtering and External Capacitance: Figure E below provides a diagram showing the internal input filter components. This filter dramatically reduces input terminal ripple current, which otherwise could exceed the rating of an external electrolytic input capacitor. The recommended external input capacitance is specified in the "Input Characteristics" section. More detailed information is available in the application note titled "EMI Characteristics" on the SynQor website.
APPLICATION CONSIDERATIONS
Input System Instability: This condition can occur because any DC/DC converter appears incrementally as a negative resistance load. A detailed application note titled "Input System Instability" is available on the SynQor website which provides an understanding of why this instability arises, and shows the preferred solution for correcting it. Application Circuits: Figure D below provides a typical circuit diagram which details the input filtering and voltage trimming.
Vin(+) External Input Filter
Electrolytic Capacitor
Vout(+) Vsense(+) Rtrim-up
or
47F
ON/OFF
Trim
Vin
Vsense(_) Vin(_) Vout(_)
Rtrim-down
Cload
Iload
Figure D: Typical application circuit (negative logic unit, permanently enabled).
L
Vin(+) C Vin(_)
Figure E: Internal Input Filter Diagram (component values listed on page 3).
Product # PQ55540HTL05 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2HT554F Rev. A 04/20/06 Page 11
Technical Specification
Startup Inhibit Period: The Startup Inhibit Period ensures that the converter will remain off for approximately 200ms when it is shut down for any reason. When an output short is present, this generates a 5Hz "hiccup mode," which prevents the converter from overheating. In all, there are seven ways that the converter can be shut down, initiating a Startup Inhibit Period: * Input Under-Voltage Lockout * Input Over-Voltage Shutdown (not present in Quarter-brick) * Output Over-Voltage Protection * Over Temperature Shutdown * Current Limit * Short Circuit Protection * Turned off by the ON/OFF input Figure F shows three turn-on scenarios, where a Startup Inhibit Period is initiated at t0, t1, and t2: Before time t0, when the input voltage is below the UVL threshold, the unit is disabled by the Input Under-Voltage Lockout feature. When the input voltage rises above the UVL threshold, the Input Under-Voltage Lockout is released, and a Startup Inhibit Period is initiated. At the end of this delay, the ON/OFF pin is evaluated, and since it is active, the unit turns on. At time t1, the unit is disabled by the ON/OFF pin, and it cannot be enabled again until the Startup Inhibit Period has elapsed.
Input: Output: Current: Package:
38-55 V 54 V 5.1 A (275W) Half-brick
When the ON/OFF pin goes high after t2, the Startup Inhibit Period has elapsed, and the output turns on within the typical Turn-On Time. RoHS Compliance: The EU led RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) Directive bans the use of Lead, Cadmium, Hexavalent Chromium, Mercury, Polybrominated Biphenyls (PBB), and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) in Electrical and Electronic Equipment. This SynQor product is available as 5/6 RoHS compliant (product with lead) or 6/6 RoHS compliant. For more information please refer to SynQor's RoHS addendum available at our RoHS Compliance / Lead Free Initiative web page or e-mail us at rohs@synqor.com.
Vin
Under-Voltage Lockout Turn-On Threshold
ON/OFF
(pos logic)
ON
OFF ON
OFF
ON
25ms (typical
Vout
turn on time)
200ms
(typical start-up inhibit period)
200ms
200ms
t0
t1
t2
t
Figure F: Startup Inhibit Period (turn-on time not to scale)
Product # PQ55540HTL05 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2HT554F Rev. A 04/20/06 Page 12
Technical Specification
PART NUMBERING SYSTEM
The part numbering system for SynQor's PowerQor DC/DC converters follows the format shown in the example below.
PQ 55 540 H T L 05 N N S Options (see Ordering Information) Output Current Thermal Design Performance Level Package Size Output Voltage Input Voltage Product Family
Model Number
Input: Output: Current: Package:
ORDERING INFORMATION
38-55 V 54 V 5.1 A (275W) Half-brick
The tables below show the valid model numbers and ordering options for converters in this product family. When ordering SynQor converters, please ensure that you use the complete 15 character part number consisting of the 12 character base part number and the additional 3 characters for options. To order 6/6 RoHS compliant product please add a "-G" suffix.
Input Voltage 38 - 55 V 38 - 55 V Output Max Output Voltage Current 54 V 5.0 A 54 V 5.0 A
PQ55540HTL05xyz PQ55540HTM05xyz
The following option choices must be included in place of the x y z spaces in the model numbers listed above.
Options Description: x y z
Enable Pin Logic Length P - Positive N - 0.145" N - Negative R - 0.180" Feature Set S - Standard
The first 12 characters comprise the base part number and the last 3 characters indicate available options. Although there are no default values for enable logic and pin length, the most common options are negative logic and 0.145" pins. These part numbers are more likely to be readily available in stock for evaluation and prototype quantities. A "-G" suffix indicates 6/6 RoHS compliance.
Application Notes
A variety of application notes and technical white papers can be downloaded in pdf format from our website.
Contact SynQor for further information:
Phone: Toll Free: Fax: E-mail: Web: Address:
978-849-0600 888-567-9596 978-849-0602 power@synqor.com www.synqor.com 155 Swanson Road Boxborough, MA 01719 USA
Phone 1-888-567-9596
Warranty SynQor offers a three (3) year limited warranty. Complete warranty information is listed on our website or is available upon request from SynQor.
Information furnished by SynQor is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by SynQor for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of SynQor.
Doc.# 005-2HT554F Rev. A 04/20/06 Page 13
Product # PQ55540HTL05
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