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february 2007 rev 1 1/15 15 TSM1052 constant voltage and constant current controller for battery chargers and adapters features secondary-side constant voltage and constant current control very low voltage operation very low quiescent consumption high-accuracy internal reference low external component count wired-or open-drain output stage easy frequency compensation sot23-6l micro package applications battery chargers ac-dc adapters description the TSM1052 is a highly integrated solution for smps applications requiring a dual control loop to perform cv (constant voltage) and cc (constant current) regulation. the TSM1052 integrates a voltage reference, two op-amps (with or-ed open-drain outputs), and a low-side current sensing circuit. the voltage reference, along with one op-amp, is the core of the voltage control loop; the current sensing circuit and the other op-amp make up the current control loop. the external components needed to complete the two control loops are: a resistor divider that senses the output of the power supply (adapter, battery charger) and fixes the voltage regulation set point at the specified value; a sense resistor that feeds the current sensing circuit with a voltage proportional to the dc output current; this resistor determines the current regulation set point and must be adequately rated in terms of power dissipation; frequency compensation components (r-c networks) for both loops. the TSM1052, housed in one of the smallest package available, is ideal for space-shrunk applications such as adapters and chargers. sot23-6l www.st.com table 1. device summary part number package packaging TSM1052 sot23-6l tape and reel
contents TSM1052 2/15 contents 1 description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.1 pin connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.2 pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.3 internal schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.4 absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.5 thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2 electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3 typical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 4 application information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 4.1 typical application schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 4.2 voltage and current control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 4.2.1 voltage control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 4.2.2 current control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 4.3 compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 4.4 start up and short circuit conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 5 mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 6 revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
TSM1052 description 3/15 1 description 1.1 pin connection figure 1. pin connection (top view) 1.2 pin description vcc vsense ictrl vctrl out gnd 1 2 3 6 5 4 vcc vsense ictrl vcc vsense ictrl vctrl out gnd vctrl out gnd 1 2 3 6 5 4 1 2 3 6 5 4 1 2 3 6 5 4 vcc vsense ictrl vctrl out gnd 1 2 3 6 5 4 vcc vsense ictrl vcc vsense ictrl vctrl out gnd vctrl out gnd 1 2 3 6 5 4 1 2 3 6 5 4 1 2 3 6 5 4 table 2. pin description n. name function 1v ctrl inverting input of the voltage loop op-amp. the pin will be tied to the mid- point of a resistor divider t hat senses the output voltage. 2gnd ground. return of the bias current of the device. 0 v reference for all voltages. the pin should be tied as clos e to the ground output terminal of the converter as possible to minimize load current effect on t he voltage regulation set point. 3out common open-drain output of the two internal op-amps. the pin, able to sink current only, will be connected to the branch of the optocoupler?s photodiode to transmit the error signal to the primary side. 4i ctrl non-inverting input of the current loop op-amp. it will be tied directly to the hot (negative) end of the current sense resistor 5v sense inverting input of the current loop op-amp. the pin will be tied to the cold end of the current sense resistor through a decoupling resistor. 6vcc supply voltage of the device. a small by pass capacitor (0.1 f typ.) to gnd, located as close to ic?s pins as possible, might be useful to get a clean supply voltage.
description TSM1052 4/15 1.3 internal schematic figure 2. internal schematic 1.4 absolute maximum ratings 1.5 thermal data vctrl gnd vsense ictrl out vcc 1.238 v 200 mv + - + - + 1 2 3 5 4 6 vctrl gnd vsense ictrl out vcc 1.238 v 200 mv + - + - + 1 2 3 5 4 6 1.21 v vctrl gnd vsense ictrl out vcc 1.238 v 200 mv + - + - + 1 2 3 5 4 6 vctrl gnd vsense ictrl out vcc 1.238 v 200 mv + - + - + 1 2 3 5 4 6 1.21 v table 3. absolute maximum ratings symbol pin parameter value unit v cc 6 dc supply voltage -0.3 to 20 v v out 3 open-drain voltage -0.3 to v cc v i out 3 max sink current 100 ma v 1, 4, 5 analog inputs -0.3 to 3.3 v table 4. thermal data symbol parameter value unit r thja thermal resistance, junction-to-ambient 250 c/w t op junction temperature operating range -10 to 85 c tj max maximum junction temperature 150 t stg storage temperature -55 to 150
TSM1052 electrical characteristics 5/15 2 electrical characteristics t j = 25c and v cc = 5v, unless otherwise specified table 5. electrical characteristics symbol parameter test conditions min typ max unit device supply v cc voltage operating range 1.7 18 v i cc quiescent current (ictrl = vsense = vctr = 0, out = open) 150 a (1) 1. specification referred to -10 c < t a < 85 c 300 voltage control loop op-amp gm v transconductance (sink current only) (2) 2. if the voltage on vctrl (the negative input of the ampl ifier) is higher than the positive amplifier input (vref = 1.21 v), and it is increased by 1mv, the si nking current at the output out will be increased by 3.5ma. 13.5 s (1) 2.5 vref voltage reference (3) 3. the internal voltage reference is set at 1.21 v (bandgap reference). the voltage control loop precision takes into account the cumulative effects of the inte rnal voltage reference deviati on as well as the input offset voltage of the transconductanc e operational amplifier. the internal voltage reference is fixed by bandgap, and trimmed to 0.5% accuracy at room temperature. 1.198 1.21 1.222 v (1) 1.186 1.234 ibias inverting input bias current 50 na (1) 100 current control loop gm i transconductance (sink current only) (4) 4. when the positive input at ictrl is lower than -200m v, and the voltage is decreased by 1mv, the sinking current at the output out will be increased by 7ma. 1.5 7 s (1) vsense current loop reference (5) @ i(iout) = 1 ma 5. the internal current sense threshol d is set at -200mv. the current cont rol loop precision takes into account the cumulative effects of the internal voltage referenc e deviation as well as the input offset voltage of the transconductance operational amplifier. 196 200 204 mv (1) 192 208 ibias non-inverting input source current @ v(ictrl) = -200 mv 20 a (1) 40 output stage v outlow low output level @ 2 ma sink current 100 mv (1) 200
typical characteristics TSM1052 6/15 3 typical characteristics figure 3. v ref vs. ambient temperature figure 4. v sense vs. ambient temperature figure 5. v sense pin input bias current vs. ambient temperature figure 6. i ctrl pin input bias current vs. ambient temperature figure 7. tranconductance (sink current only) of voltage control loop op-amp vs. ambient temperature figure 8. tranconductance (sink current only) of current control loop op-amp vs. ambient temperature 1.190 1.200 1.210 1.220 1.230 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 temp ( c ) vref (v) vcc=18v vcc=5v vcc=1.7v 192 194 196 198 200 202 204 206 208 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 temp ( c ) vsense (mv) vcc=18v vcc=5v vcc=1.7v 0 10 20 30 40 50 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 temp ( c ) iibv(na) vcc=18v vcc=5v vcc=1.7v 10 11 12 13 14 15 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 temp ( c ) iibi(ua) vcc=18v vcc=5v vcc=1.7v 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 temp ( c ) gmv(ma/mv) vcc=18v vcc=5v vcc=1.7v 0 5 10 15 20 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 temp ( c ) gmi(ma/mv) vcc=18v vcc=5v vcc=1.7v
TSM1052 typical characteristics 7/15 figure 9. low output level of voltage control loop op-amp vs. ambient temperature (2ma sink current) figure 10. low output level of current control loop op-amp vs. ambient temperature (2ma sink current) figure 11. output short circuit current of voltage control loop op-amp vs. ambient temperature figure 12. output short circuit current of current control loop op-amp vs. ambient temperature figure 13. supply current vs. ambient temperature figure 14. low output level vs. sink current 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 temp ( c ) volv(mv) vcc=18v vcc=5v vcc=1.7v 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 temp ( c ) volc(mv) vcc=18v vcc=5v vcc=1.7v 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 temp ( c ) iosv(ma) vcc=18v vcc=5v vcc=1.7v 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 temp ( c ) iosc(ma) vcc=18v vcc=5v vcc=1.7v 0.000 0.050 0.100 0.150 0.200 0.250 0.300 0.350 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 temp ( c ) icc(ua) vcc=18v vcc=5v vcc=1.7v 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 1 6 11 16 21 26 31 isink (ma) vol (v)
application information TSM1052 8/15 4 application information 4.1 typical application schematic figure 15. typical adapter or battery charger application using the device in the above application schematic, the device is used on the secondary side of a flyback adapter (or battery charger) to provide an accurate control of voltage and current. the above feedback loop is made with an optocoupler. 4.2 voltage and current control 4.2.1 voltage control the voltage loop is controlled via a first transconductance operational amplifier, the voltage divider r 1 , r 2 , and the optocoupler which is directly connected to the output. its possible to choose the values of r1 and r2 resistors using equation 1: equation 1 where vout is the desired output voltage. as an example, with r1 = 100k ? and r2 = 27k ?, v out = 5.7v rsense iout vout vctrl gnd vsense ictrl out vcc 1.210 v 200 mv + - + - + 1 2 3 5 4 6 r1 r2 TSM1052 ric2 ric1 cic1 cvc1 rvc1 rled rsense iout vout vctrl gnd vsense ictrl out vcc 1.210 v 200 mv + - + - + 1 2 3 5 4 6 r1 r2 TSM1052 ric2 ric1 cic1 cvc1 rvc1 rled a) b) 2 2 1 ref out r ) r r ( v v + ? = ref ref out 2 1 v ) v v ( r r + ? =
TSM1052 application information 9/15 4.2.2 current control the current loop is controlled via the second trans-conductance operational amplifier, the sense resistor rsense, and the optocoupler. the control equation verifies: equation 2 where i lim is the desired limited current, and v sense is the threshold voltage for the current control loop. as an example, with i lim = 1a, v sense = 200mv, then r sense = 200m ? . note: the rsense resistor should be chosen taking into account the maximum dissipation (p lim ) through it during full load operation. equation 3 as an example, with i lim = 1a, and v sense = 200mv, p lim = 200mw. therefore, for most adapter and battery char ger applications, a quarter-watt, or half-watt resistor is sufficient. v sense threshold is made internally by a voltage divider tied to the v ref voltage reference. its middle point is tied to the positive input of the current control operational amplifier, and its foot is to be connected to lower potential point of the sense resistor as shown in figure 15 on page 8. the resistors of this voltage divider are matched to provide the best possible accuracy. the current sinking outputs of the two transconductance operational amplifiers are common (to the output of the ic). this makes an oring function which ensures either the voltag e control or the current control, driving the optocoupler's photodiode to transmi t the feedback to the primary side. the relation between the controlled curren t and the controlled output voltage can be described with a square chara cteristic as shown in the following v/i output-power diagram. (with the power supply of the device indipendent of the output voltage) a) b) lim sense sense i v r = sense lim sense v i r = ? ? =
application information TSM1052 10/15 figure 16. output voltage versus output current 4.3 compensation the voltage control transconduct ance operational amplifier can be fully compensated. both of its output and negative input are direct ly accessible for external compensation components. an example of a suitable compensation network is shown in figure 15. it consists of a capacitor c vc1 = 2.2nf and a resistor r cv1 = 470k ? in series. the current-control transconductance operational amplifier can be fully compensated. both its output and negative input are directly accessible for external compensation components. an example of a suitable compensation network is shown in figure 15. it consists of a capacitor c ic1 = 2.2nf and a resistor r ic1 = 22k ? in series. in order to increase the stability of the application it is suggested to add a resisto r in series with the op tocoupler. an example of a suitable r led value could be 330 ? in series with the optocoupler. 4.4 start up and short circuit conditions under start-up or short-circuit conditions if the device is supplied from smps output and the output voltage is lower than vcc minimum the current regulation is not guaranteed. therefore, the current limitation can only be ensured by the primary pwm module, which should be chosen accordingly. if the primary current limitation is considered not to be precise enoug h for the application, then a sufficient supply for the device has to be ensured under any condition. it would then be necessary to add some circuitry to supply the chip with a separate power line. this can be achieved in numerous ways, including an additional winding on the transformer. the following schematic shows how to realize a low-cost power supply for the device (with no additional windings). vout iout voltage regulation current regulation ( vcc of the device independent of output voltage) vout iout voltage regulation current regulation ( vcc of the device independent
TSM1052 application information 11/15 figure 17. application circuit able to supply the device even with v out = 0 rsense iout vout r1 r2 vctrl gnd vsense ictrl out vcc 1.210 v 200 mv + - + - + 1 2 3 5 4 6 TSM1052 ric2 ric1 cic1 cvc1 rvc1 rled rs ds cs rsense iout vout r1 r2 vctrl gnd vsense ictrl out vcc 1.210 v 200 mv + - + - + 1 2 3 5 4 6 TSM1052 vctrl gnd vsense ictrl out vcc 1.210 v 200 mv + - + - + 1 2 3 5 4 6 TSM1052 ric2 ric1 cic1 cvc1 rvc1 rled rs ds cs
mechanical data TSM1052 12/15 5 mechanical data in order to meet environmental requirements, st offers these devices in ecopack ? packages. these packages have a lead-free se cond level interconnect. the category of second level interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in compliance with jedec standard jesd97. th e maximum ratings related to soldering conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ecopack is an st trademark. ecopack specifications are available at: www.st.com .
TSM1052 mechanical data 13/15 figure 18. package dimensions table 6. sot23-6l mechanical data ref. mm. inch min. typ. max. min. typ. max. a 1.35 1.75 0.053 0.069 a1 0.10 0.25 0.004 0.010 a2 1.10 1.65 0.043 0.065 b 0.33 0.51 0.013 0.020 c 0.19 0.25 0.007 0.010 d 4.80 5.00 0.189 0.197 e 3.80 4.00 0.150 0.157 e 1.27 0.050 h 5.80 6.20 0.228 0.244 h 0.25 0.50 0.010 0.020 l 0.40 1.27 0.016 0.050 k 8 (max.)
revision history TSM1052 14/15 6 revision history table 7. revision history date revision changes 20-feb-2007 1 initial release.
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