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rev. 1.4 7/08 copyright ? 2008 by silicon laboratories si5100 si5100 siphy ? oc-48/stm-16 sonet/sdh t ransceiver features complete, low-power, high-spee d, sonet/sdh transceiver with integrated limiting amp, cd r, cmu, and mux/demux applications description the si5100 is a complete low-power transceiver for high-speed serial communication systems operating between oc-48 and 2.7 gbps. the receive path consists of a fully-integrated limiting amplifier, clock and data recovery unit (cdr), and 1:16 deserializer. the transmit path combines a low-jitter clock multiplier unit (cmu) with a 16:1 serializ er. the cmu uses silicon laboratories? dspll technology to provide superior jitter performance while reducing design complexity by eliminating external loop filter components. to simplify ber optimization in long-haul applications, programmable slicing and sample phase adjustment are supported. the si5100 oper ates from a single 1.8 v supply over the industrial temperature range (?20 to 85 c). functional block diagram data rates supported: oc-48/stm-16 through 2.7 gbps fec low-power operation 1.2 w (typ) dspll ? based clock multiplier unit w/ selectable loop filter bandwidths integrated limit ing amplifier loss-of-signal (los) alarm diagnostic and line loopbacks sonet-compliant loop timed operation programmable slicing level and sample phase adjustment lvds/lvpecl compatible interface single supply 1.8 v operation 15 x 15 mm bga package sonet/sdh transmission systems optical transceiver modules sonet/sdh test equipment txclkout rxdout[15:0] rxclk txdout rxdin txdin[15:0] slicelvl phaseadj bwsel[1:0] tx cl k1 6 i n refclk 1:16 demux 16:1 mux limiting am p cdr dspll t m tx cm u line loopback diagnostic loopback ordering information: see page 35. si5100 bottom view
si5100 2 rev. 1.4
si5100 rev. 1.4 3 t able of c ontents section page 1. si5100 detailed block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 2. electrical specificat ions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 3. si5100 typical application schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 4. functional description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 5. receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 5.1. receiver differential input circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 5.2. limiting amplifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 5.3. clock and data recovery (cdr) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 5.4. deserialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 5.5. voltage reference output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 5.6. auxiliary clock output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 5.7. receive data squelch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 6. transmitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 6.1. dspll ? clock multiplier unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 6.2. serialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 7. loop timed operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 8. diagnostic loopback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 9. line loopback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 10. bias generation circuitr y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1 11. reference clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 12. reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 13. transmit differential out put circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 14. internal pullups and pulldowns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 15. power supply filtering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 16. si5100 pinout: 195 bga . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 4 17. pin descriptions: si5100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 6 18. ordering guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 19. package outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36 20. 15x15 mm 195l cbg a recommended pcb layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 document change list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 contact information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
si5100 4 rev. 1.4 1. si5100 detailed block diagram limiting am p cdr 1:16 de- mux 16:1 mux cmu fifo 32:16 mux 32:16 mux rxdin slicelvl ltr pha sea dj rxlol loslvl los txdout txsqlch txclkout txlol refra te bwsel[1:0] refsel llbk refclk txclk16in txclk16out txdin[15:0] rxclk2div rxclk2dsbl rxclk1dsbl rxclk2 rxclk1 rxdout[15:0] dlbk rxsqlch slicemode txclkdsbl rxa mpmon rxmsbsel fifoerr fiforst txmsbsel los lptm llbk
si5100 rev. 1.4 5 2. electrical specifications figure 1. differential voltage measurement (rxdin, rxdout, rxclk1, rxclk2, txdin, txdout, txclkout, txclk16out, txclk16in) figure 2. data to clock delay table 1. recommended operating conditions parameter symbol test condition min * typ max * unit ambient temperature t a ?20 25 85 c lvttl output supply voltage v ddio 1.71 ? 3.47 v si5100 supply voltage vdd 1.71 1.8 1.89 v *note: all minimum and maximum specifications are guaranteed and apply across the recommended operating conditions. typical values apply at nominal supply voltages and an operating temperature of 25 c unless otherwise stated. v ise , v ose v id ,v od (v id = 2 v ise ) differential i/os differential voltage swing single ended voltage differential peak-to-peak voltage signal+ signal? (signal+) ? (signal?) v icm , v ocm v t v i 0 v v txdout, txdin txclkout, txclk16in t cp t cd t ch rxdout rxclk1 t cq1 t cq2
si5100 6 rev. 1.4 figure 3. rise/fall time measurement table 2. dc characteristics (v dd =1.8v 5%, t a = ?20 to 85 c) parameter symbol test condition min typ max unit supply current i dd full duplex line/diagnostic loopback ?680 760 760 830 ma power dissipation p d full duplex line/diagnostic loopback ?1.2 1.4 1.4 1.6 w voltage reference (vref) v ref vref driving 10 k load 1.21 1.25 1.29 v common mode input voltage (rxdin) v icm 0.4 0.5 0.6 v differential input voltage swing (rxdin) (@ bit error rate of 10 ?12 ) v id figure 1 30 ? 2000 1 mv ppd common mode output voltage (txdout, txclkout) v ocm 0.7 0.9 1.1 v differential output voltage swing (txdout,txclkout), differential pk-pk v od figure 1 1000 1200 1400 mv ppd lvpecl input common mode voltage (refclk) v icm 0.8 1.2 2.4 v lvpecl input voltage swing, differential pk-pk (refclk) v id figure 1 250 ? 2400 mv ppd lvpecl input limits v limit 0?2.5v lvds input voltage level (txdin,txclk16in) v i .8 1.2 2.4 v lvds input voltage, differential pk-pk (txdin,txclk16in) v id 200 2 ??mv ppd lvds output voltage level (rxdout, rxclk1, rxclk2, txclk16out) v o 100 load line-to-line 0.925 ? 1.475 v notes: 1. voltage on either rxdin+ or rxdin? should not exceed 1000 mv pp (single-ended). 2. lvds differential voltages are for a 16-bit parallel dat a operation of the multiplexer/demultiplexer (mode 16 = 1). all differential ios t f t r 80% 20%
si5100 rev. 1.4 7 lvds output voltage, differential pk-pk (rxdout, rxclk1, rxclk2, txclk16out) v od 100 load line-to-line, figure 1 550 2 650 800 mv ppd lvds common mode output voltage (rxdout,rxclk1,rxclk2,txclk16out) v cm 1.125 1.2 1.275 v input impedance (rxdin) r in each input to common mode 42 50 58 lvds and lvpecl input impedance (txdin, txclk16in, refclk) r in line to line 90 110 130 cml output impedance (txdout, txclkout) r out each output to common mode 45 55 65 lvds output impedance (rxdout, rxclk1, rxclk2, txclk16out) r out each output to common mode 45 55 65 output current short to gnd (rxdout,rxclk1,rxclk2, txclk16out) i sc(?) ?1240ma output current short to v dd (rxdout, rxclk1, rxclk2, txclk16out) i sc(+) ?8 ?6 ? ma lvttl input voltage low v il2 v ddio = 1.8?3.3 v ?0.3 ? 0.35 v ddio v lvttl input voltage high v ih2 v ddio = 1.8?3.3 v 0.65 v ddio ?v ddio + 0.3 v lvttl input impedance r in 10 ? ? k lvttl output voltage low (i out =2ma) v ol2 v ddio = 1.8?3.3 v ??0.4 v lvttl output voltage high (i out =2ma) v oh2 v ddio = 1.8?3.3 v v ddio ? 0.45 ? ? v rxampmon output impedance r out 468k los/slicelvl/phaseadj input impedance r in 100 ? ? k table 2. dc characteristics (continued) (v dd =1.8v 5%, t a = ?20 to 85 c) parameter symbol test condition min typ max unit notes: 1. voltage on either rxdin+ or rxdin? should not exceed 1000 mv pp (single-ended). 2. lvds differential voltages are for a 16-bit parallel dat a operation of the multiplexer/demultiplexer (mode 16 = 1).
si5100 8 rev. 1.4 table 3. ac characteristics (rxdin, rxdout, rxclk1, rxclk2) (v dd = 1.8 v 5%, t a = ?20to85c) parameter symbol test co ndition min typ max unit input data rate (rxdin) 2.41 ? 2.7 gbps output clock frequency (rxclk1) f clkout mode16 = 1 mode16 = 0 ? ? 155 622 167 675 mhz output clock frequency (rxclk2) f clkout mode16 = 1, rxclk2div =1 mode16 = 1, rxclk2div =0 mode16 = 0, rxclk2div =1 mode16 = 0, rxclk2div =0 ? ? ? ? 155 38.9 622 155 169 42.2 675 169 mhz duty cycle (rxclk1, rxclk2) tch/tcp, figure 2 45 ? 55 % output rise and fall times (rxclk1, rxclk2, rxdout) t r ,t f figure 3 100 175 250 ps data invalid prior to rxclk1 t cq1 figure 2 ? ? 200 ps data invalid after rxclk1 t cq2 figure 2 ? ? 200 ps input return loss (rxdin) s ii 1.25 ghz 2.5 ghz ? ? ?12 ?10 ? ? db db los threshold 1 , slicemode = 0 v los loslvl = 0?350 mv 0 ? 250 mv los threshold error 1 , slicemode = 0 ??30% los threshold 2 , slicemode = 1 v los loslvl = 0?500 mv 0 ? 60 mv los threshold error 2 , slicemode = 1 rxdin > 30 mv ??50% slice voltage 3 , slicemode = 0 v level slicelvl = 350 mv ? ?50 ? mv slicelvl = 650 mv ? 40 ? mv slice voltage as percentage of differential input voltage swing (rxdin), slicemode = 1 4 v level slicelvl = 250 mv ? ?25 ? % slicelvl = 750 mv ? 18 ? % sample phase 5 phaseadj = 200 mv ? ?25 ? ps phaseadj = 800 mv ? 25 ? ps rxampmon voltage range rxdin = 0?1000 mv ppd 0?550mv rxampmon voltage error ? ? 50 % notes: 1. see figure 4 on page 16. 2. see figure 5 on page 17. 3. see figure 6 on page 17. 4. see figure 7 on page 18. 5. see figure 8 on page 18.
si5100 rev. 1.4 9 table 4. ac characteristics (txclk16out, txclk16in, txclkout, txdin, txdout) (v dd =1.8v 5%, t a = ?20 to 85 c) parameter symbol test condition min typ max unit txclkout frequency f clkout 2.41 ? 2.7 ghz txclkout duty cycle tch/tcp, figure 2 40 50 60 % output rise time (txclkout, txdout) t r figure 3 ? 50 75 ps output fall time (txclkout, txdout) t f figure 3 ? 50 75 ps txclkout to txdout delay t cd figure 2 ?42 ? ?22 ps output return loss 100 khz?2.5 ghz 2.5?4.0 ghz ? ? ?12 ?10 ? ? db db txclk16out frequency f clkout mode16 = 1 mode16 = 0 ? ? 155 622 169 675 mhz txclk16out duty cycle tch/tcp, figure 2 40 ? 60 % txclk16out rise & fall times t r , t f 100 175 250 ps txdin setup to txclk16in t dsin ??300ps txdin hold from txclk16in t dhin ??300ps txclk16in frequency f clkin mode16 = 1 mode16 = 0 ? ? 155 622 169 675 mhz txclk16in duty cycle tch/tcp, figure 2 40 ? 60 % txclk16in rise & fall times t r , t f 100 ? 300 ps
si5100 10 rev. 1.4 table 5. ac characteristics (receiver pll) 1 (v dd =1.8v 5%, t a = ?20 to 85 c) parameter symbol test condition min typ max unit jitter tolerance (rxdin = 100 mv ppd , prbs31) 2 j tol(pp) f = 10 ? 600 hz 15 2 ??ui pp f=0.6?6khz 15 2 ??ui pp f=6?100khz 9 2 ??ui pp f = 100 khz?1 mhz 0.4 ? ? ui pp f = 1?20 mhz 0.3 ? ? ui pp acquisition time t aq ?? 2 ms input reference clock frequency (refsel = 1) rc freq refrate = 1 ? 155 169 mhz refrate = 0 ? 78 84.4 mhz reference clock duty cycle rc duty 40 50 60 % reference clock frequency tolerance rc tol ?100 ? 100 ppm frequency difference at which receive pll goes out of lock (refclk compared to the divided down vco clock) lol 610 732 860 ppm frequency difference at which receive pll goes into lock (refclk compared to the divided down vco clock) lock ? 366 240 ppm notes: 1. bellcore specifications: gr-253-core, issue 3, september 2000. 2. instrument limited.
si5100 rev. 1.4 11 table 6. ac characteristics (transmitter clock multiplier) 1 (v dd =1.8v 5%, t a = ?20 to 85 c) parameter symbol test condition min typ max unit jitter transfer bandwidth (oc?48: 2.48832 gbps) j bw bwsel[1:0] = 00 bwsel[1:0] = 01 bwsel[1:0] = 10 bwsel[1:0] = 11 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 12 50 120 200 khz khz khz khz jitter transfer bandwidth (fec: 2.66667 gbps) j bw bwsel[1:0] = 00 bwsel[1:0] = 01 bwsel[1:0] = 10 bwsel[1:0] = 11 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 12 50 120 200 khz khz khz khz jitter transfer peaking ? 0.05 0.1 db acquisition time t aq valid refclk bwsel[1:0] = 11 ??20 ms input reference clock frequency rc freq refrate = 1 refrate = 0 ? ? 155 78 169 84.4 mhz input reference clock duty cycle rc duty 40 ? 60 % input reference clock frequency to l e r a n c e rc tol ?100 ? 100 ppm random rms jitter generation, txclkout (prbs 31) 2 j gen(rms) bwsel[1:0] = 00 bwsel[1:0] = 01 bwsel[1:0] = 10 bwsel[1:0] = 11 ? ? ? ? 2.5 2.0 1.7 1.7 3.4 2.4 2.1 1.8 mui rms mui rms mui rms mui rms total peak-to-peak jitter genera- tion, txclkout, txdout (prbs 31) 2 j gen(pp) bwsel[1:0] = 00 bwsel[1:0] = 01 bwsel[1:0] = 10 bwsel[1:0] = 11 ? ? ? ? 25.5 24.0 22.0 22.0 34 33 27 26 mui pp mui pp mui pp mui pp notes: 1. bellcore specifications: gr-253 -core, issue 3, september 2000. 2. full duplex; refclk = 155 mhz.
si5100 12 rev. 1.4 table 7. absolute maximum ratings parameter symbol value unit dc supply voltage v dd ?0.5 to 2.2 v lvttl i/o supply voltage v ddio ?0.5 to 4.0 v differential input voltage (lvds input) v dif 5v differential input voltage (lvds output) v dif ?0.3 to (v dd + 0.3) v differential input voltage (lvttl input) v dif 2.4 v differential input voltage (lvttl output) v dif 5v maximum current any output pin 50 ma operating junction temperature t jct ?55 to 150 c storage temperature range t stg ?55 to 150 c esd hbm (2.5 ghz pins) 1 kv esd hbm tolerance (100 pf, 1.5 k )2kv note: permanent device damage can occur if the above absolute maximum ratings are exceeded. restrict functional operation to the conditions as specified in the operational se ctions of this data sheet. exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods might affect device reliability. table 8. thermal characteristics parameter symbol test condition value unit thermal resistance junction to ambient ? ja still air 24 c/w
si5100 rev. 1.4 13 3. si5100 typical application schematic note* see 15. "power supply filtering" on page 21. si5100 refclk txclk16in lvpecl reference clock lvds data clock input loslvl slicelvl phaseadj txrext vdd gnd vdd rxclk1 txclkout 0.1 f high-speed clock output lvttl control inputs loss-of-signal level set data slice level set sampling phase level set vref voltage reference output (1.25 v) txclk16out low-speed clock output txdout 0.1 f high-speed serial data output rxclk2 lvds recovered low-speed clock reset rxdin 0.1 f rxrext txdin[15:0] lvds parallel data input 16 fiforst 3.091 k 1% 3.091 k 1% ltr txclkdsbl refsel refrate txsqlch rxsqlch lptm bwsel[1:0] llbk dlbk txmsbel rxmsbsel rxclk2div rxclk2dsbl mode16 rxclk1dsbl slicemode fifoerr fifo over/underflow txlol rxlol loss-of-lock indicator los loss-of-signal indicator rxdout [15:0] 16 lvds recovered parallel data rxampmon rxdin amplitude monitor analog output high-speed serial input power supply filtering*
si5100 14 rev. 1.4 4. functional description the si5100 transceiver is a low-power fully-integrated serializer/deserializer that pr ovides significant margin to all sonet/sdh jit ter specificatio ns. the device operates from 2.41?2.7 gbps making it suitable for oc- 48/stm-16 applications and oc-48/stm-16 applications that use 255/23 8 or 255/237 forward error correction (fec) coding. the low-speed receive/transmit interface uses a low-power parallel lvds interface compatible with lvpecl. 5. receiver the receiver within the si5100 includes a precision limiting amplifier, a jitte r-tolerant clock and data recovery unit (cdr), and a 1:16 demultiplexer. programmable data slicing level and sampling phase adjustment are provided to support bit-error-rate (ber) optimization for long-haul applications. 5.1. receiver differen tial input circuitry the receiver serial input provides proper termination and biasing through two resistor dividers internal to the device. the active circuitry has high-impedance inputs and provides sufficient gain for the clock and data recovery unit to recover the serial data. the input bias levels are optimized for jitter tolerance and input sensitivity and are typically not dc compatible with standard i/os; simply ac couple the data lines as shown in figure 10 on page 22. 5.2. limiting amplifier the si5100 incorporates a limiting amplifier with sufficient gain to directly accept the output of transimpedance amplifiers. the limiting amplifier provides sufficient gain to fully saturate with input signals that are greater than 30 mv peak-to-peak differential. in addition, input signals up to 2 v peak-to-peak differential do not cause any performance degradation. 5.2.1. receiver signal amplitude monitoring the si5100 limiting amplifie r includes circuitry that monitors the amplitude of the receiver differential input signal (rxdin). the rxampmon output provides an analog output signal that is proportional to the input signal amplitude. the signal is enabled when slice mode is asserted. the voltage on the rxampmon output is nominally equal to one-half of the differential peak-to-peak signal amplitude of rxdin as shown in equation 1: equation 1 the receiver signal amplitude monitoring circuit is also used in the generation of the loss-of-signal alarm (los ). 5.2.2. loss-of-signal alarm (los ) the si5100 can be configured to activate a loss-of- signal alarm output (los ) when the rxdin input amplitude drops below a programmable threshold level. an appropriate level of hyst eresis prevents unnecessary switching on los . the los threshold level is set by applying a dc voltage to the loslvl input. the mapping of the voltage on the loslvl pin to the los threshold level depends on the state of the slicemode inpu t. (the slicemode input is used to select either absolute slice mode or proportional slice mode operation.) the loslvl mapping for absolute slice mode (slicemode = 0) is given in figure 4. the linear region of the assert can be approximated by the following equation: equation 2 where v los is the differential pk-pk los threshold referred to the rxdin input, and v loslvl is the voltage applied to the loslvl pin. the linear region of the de-assert curve can be approximated by the following equation: equation 3 the loslvl mapping for proportional slice mode (slicemode = 1) is given in figure 6 on page 17. the linear region of the assert can be approximated by the following equation: equation 4 where v los is the differential pk?pk los threshold referred to the rxdin input, and v loslvl is the voltage applied to the loslvl pin. the linear region of the de-assert curve can be approximated by the following equation: equation 5 the los detection circuitry is disabled by tieing the loslvl input to vref. this forces the los output high. v rxampmon v rxdin pp () .566 v los v loslvl .958 v los v loslvl .762 v los v loslvl .61 v los v loslvl .72
si5100 rev. 1.4 15 5.2.3. slice level adjustment the limiting amplifier allows adjustment of the 0/1 decision threshold, or slice level, to allow optimization of bit-error-rates (ber) for demanding applications, such as long-haul links. the si5100 provides two different modes of slice le vel adjustment: absolute slice mode and proportional slice mode. the mode is selected using the slicemode input. in either mode, the slice level is set by applying a dc voltage to the slicelvl input. the mapping of the voltage on the slicelvl pin to the 0/1 decision threshold voltage (or slice voltage) depends on the selected mode of operation. the slicelvl mapping for absolute slice mode (slicemode = 0) is given in figure 6. the linear region of this curve can be approximated by the following equation: equation 6 where v level is the effective slice level referred to the rxdin input, v slicelvl is the voltage applied to the slicelvl pin, and vref is the reference voltage provided by the si5100 on the vref output pin (nominally 1.25 v). the slicelvl mapping for proportional slice mode (slicemode = 1) is given in figure 7 on page 18. the linear region of this curve can be approximated by the following equation: equation 7 where v level is the effective slice level referred to the rxdin input; v slicelvl is the voltage applied to the slicelvl pin; vref is the reference voltage provided by the si5100 on the vref output pin, and v rxdin(pp) is the peak-to-peak voltage level of the receive data signal applied to the rxdin input. the slice level adjustment function can be disabled by tieing the slicelvl input the vref. when slice level adjustment is disabled, the ef fective slice level is set to 0 mv relative to internally biased input common mode voltage for rxdin. 5.3. clock and data recovery (cdr) the si5100 uses an integrated cdr to recover clock and data from a non-return to zero (nrz) signal input on rxdin. the recovered clock is used to regenerate the incoming data by sampling the output of the limiting amplifier at the center of the nrz bit period. 5.3.1. sample phase adjustment in applications where data eye distortions are introduced by the transmission medium, it may be desirable to recover data by sampling at a point that is not at the center of the data eye. the si5100 provides a sample phase adjustment capability that allows adjustment of the cdr sampling phase across the nrz data period. when sample phase adjustment is enabled, the sampling instant used for data recovery can be moved over a range of approximately 22 ps relative to the center of the incoming nrz bit period. the sample phase is set by applying a dc voltage to the phaseadj input. the mapping of the voltage present on the phaseadj input to the sample phase sampling offset is given in figure 8 on page 18. the linear region of this curve can be approximated by the following equation: equation 8 where phase offset is the sampling offset in picoseconds from the center of the data eye; v phaseadj is the voltage applied to the phaseadj pin, and vref is the reference voltage provided by the si5100 on the vref output pin (nominally 1.25 v). a positive phase offset adjusts the sampling point to lead the default sampling point (the aligned center of the data eye) and a negative phase offset adjusts the sampling point to lag the default sampling point. data recovery using a sampling phase offset is disabled by tieing the phaseadj inpu t to vref. this forces a phase offset of 0 ps to be used for data recovery. 5.3.2. receiver lock detect the si5100 provides lock-detect circuitry that indicates whether the pll has achieved frequency lock with the incoming data. this circuit compares the frequency of a divided down version of the recovered clock with the frequency of the supplied reference clock. the si5100 uses either refclk or txclk16in as the reference clock input signal depending on the state of the refsel input. if the (divided) recovered clock frequency deviates from that of the reference clock by more than the amount specified in table 5 on page 10, the cdr is declared out of lock, and the loss-of-lock (rxlol ) pin is asserted. in this state, the cdr attempts to reacquire lock with the incoming data stream. during reacquisition, the recovere d clock frequency (rxclk1 and rxclk2) drifts over a range of approximately 1000 ppm relative to the supplied reference clock unless ltr is asserted. the rxlol output remains asserted until the frequency of the (divided) recovered clock differs from the refere nce clock frequency by less v level v slicelvl vref 0.4 () ? () 0.375 () 0.005 ? v level v slicelvl vref 0.4 () ? () v rxdin pp () 0.95 () [ ] 0.03 v rxdin pp () [] ? phase offset 85 ps/v v phaseadj 0.4 vref () ? ()
si5100 16 rev. 1.4 than the amount specified in table 5 on page 10. the rxlol output is asserted automatically if a valid reference clock is not detected. the rxlol output is also asserted whenever the loss of signal alarm (los ) is active, provided that the ltr input is set high (i.e. provided that the device is not configured for lock-to-reference mode). 5.3.3. lock-to-reference the lock-to-reference (ltr ) input can be utilized to ensure the presence of a stable output clock during a loss-of-signal alarm (los ). when ltr is asserted, the cdr is prevented from phase locking to the data signal and the cdr locks the rxclkout1 and rxclkout2 outputs to the reference cloc k. in typical applications, the los output is tied to the ltr input to force a stable output clock during a loss-of-signal condition. 5.4. deserialization the si5100 deserializes the high-speed data from the cdr and outputs the deserialized data on the 16-bit parallel data bus rxdout[15:0]. the demultiplexer used for deserialization is configured by the mode16 pin to output either 4-bit or 16-bit data words on the bus. the data words are output on rxdout[15:0] with the rising edge of rxclk1. when the demultiplexer is configured to output 4-bit data words, the data is output on rxdout[3:0]. 5.4.1. serial input to pa rallel output relationship the si5100 provides the capa bility to select the order in which the received serial data is mapped to the parallel output bus rxdout[15:0]. the mapping of the receive bits to the output data word is controlled by the rxmsbsel input. when rxm sbsel is set low, the first bit received is output on rxdout0, and the following bits are output in order on rxdout1 through rxdout15 (rxdout1 through rxdout3 if mode16 = 0). when rxmsbsel is set high, the first bit received is output on rxdout15 (rxdout3), and the following bits are output in order on rxdout14 (rxdout2) through rxdout0. 5.5. voltage reference output the si5100 provides an output voltage reference that can be used by external circuitry to set the los threshold, slicing level, or sampling phase adjustment input voltage levels. one po ssible implementation uses a resistor divider to set the control voltage for the loslvl, slicelvl, or phaseadj inputs. an alternative is the use of a digital-to-analog converters (dacs) to set the control voltages. with this approach, vref is used to set the range of the dac outputs. the voltage on the vref output is nominally 1.25 v. figure 4. typical loslvl transfer curve, absolute slice mode (slicemode = 0) 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 loslv (v) v los (mv) assert deassert v l o s = . 9 5 8 l os l v l v l o s = . 7 6 2 l o s l v l
si5100 rev. 1.4 17 figure 5. typical loslvl transfer curve, proportional slice mode (slicemode = 1) figure 6. typical slicelvl transfer curve, absolute slice mode (slicemode = 0) loslvl transfer curve (proportional slice mode) 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 loslvl (v) v los (mv) los assert threshold los de-assert threshold v l o s = . 7 2 l o s l v l v l o s = . 6 1 l o s l v l slicelvl transfer curve (absolute slice mode) -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 slicelvl (v) slice adjustment (mv)
si5100 18 rev. 1.4 figure 7. typical slicelvl transfer curve, proportional slice mode (slicemode = 1) figure 8. typical phaseadj transfer curve slicelvl transfer curve (proportional slice mode) -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 slicelvl (v) slice adjustment (% of rxdin) phaseadj transfer curve -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 phaseadj (volts) phase adjustment (ps)
si5100 rev. 1.4 19 5.6. auxiliary clock output to support the widest range of system timing configurations, the si5601/si5602 provides a primary clock output (rxclk1) and a secondary clock output (rxclk2). the rxclk2 output can be configured to provide a clock that is 1/16th or 1/64th the frequency of the high-speed recovered clock. the divide ratio which determines the rxclk2 output frequency is selected by rxclk2div. 5.7. receive data squelch during some system error conditions, such as los , it may be desirable to force the receive data output to zero in order to avoid propagation of erroneous data into the downstream electron ics. the si5100 provides a data squelching control input, rxsqlch , for this purpose. when the rxsqlch input is low, the data outputs, rxdout[15:0], are forced to a zero state. the rxsqlch input is ignored when the device is operating in diagnostic loopback mode (dlbk =0). 6. transmitter the transmitter consists of a low-jitter clock multiplier unit (cmu) with a serializer that operates in either a 16:1 or 4:1 configuration. the cmu uses a phase- locked loop (pll) archit ecture based on silicon laboratories? proprietary dspll technology. this technology generates low jitter clock and data outputs that provide significant margin to the sonet/sdh specifications. the dspll architecture also utilizes a digitally-implemented loop filter that eliminates the need for external loop filter components. as a result, sensitive noise coupling nodes that typically degrade jitter performance in crowded pcb environments are removed. the dspll also reduces the complexity and relaxes the performance requirements for reference clock distribution circuitry for oc-48/stm-16 optical port cards. the dspll provides selectable wideband and narrowband loop filter settings that allow the jitter attenuation characteristics of the cmu to be optimized for the jitter content of the supplied reference clock. this allows the cmu to operate with reference clocks that have relatively high jitter content. unlike traditional analog pll implementations, the loop filter bandwidth of the si5100 transmitter cmu is controlled by a digital filter inside the dspll circuit allowing the bandwidth to be changed without changing any external component values. 6.1. dspll ? clock multiplier unit the si5100?s clock multiplie r unit (cmu) uses silicon laboratories proprietary dspll technology to achieve optimal jitter performance. the dspll implementation utilizes a digital signal pr ocessing (dsp) algorithm to replace the loop filter commonly found in analog pll designs. this algorithm processes the phase detector error term and generates a digital control value to adjust the frequency of the voltage- controlled osc illator (vco). the dspll implementation requires no external loop filter components. eliminat ing sensitive noise entry points makes the dspll implementation less susceptible to board-level noise sources and makes sonet/sdh jitter compliance ea sier to attain in the application. the transmit cmu multiplies the frequency of the selected reference clock up to the serial transmit data rate. the txlol output signal provides an indication of the transmit cmu lock status. when the cmu has achieved lock with the selected reference, the txlol output is deasserted (driven high). the txlol signal is asserted, indicating a tr ansmit cmu loss-of-lock condition when a valid clock signal is not detected on the selected reference clock input. the txlol signal is also asserted during the transmit cmu frequency calibration. calibration is performed automatically when the si5100 is powered on, when a valid clock signal is detected on the selected reference clock input following a period when no valid clock was present, or when the frequency of the selected reference clock is outside of the transmit cmu?s pll lock range, or after reset is deasserted. 6.1.1. programmable loop filter bandwidth the digitally-implemented loop filter allows for four transmit cmu loop bandwidth settings that provide wideband or narrowband jitte r transfer characteristics. the filter bandwidth is selected via the bwsel[1:0] control inputs. the loop bandwidth choices are listed in table 6. unlike traditional pll implementations, changing the loop filter bandwidth of the si5100 is accomplished without the need to change external component values. lower loop bandwidth settings (narrowband operation) make the si5100 more tolerant to jitter on the reference clock source. as a result, circuitry used to generate and distribute the physical layer reference clocks can be simplified without compromising margin to the sonet/sdh jitter specifications. higher loop bandwidth settings (wideband operation) are useful in applications where the reference clock is provided by a low jitter source, such as the si5364 clock synchronization ic or si5320 precision clock
si5100 20 rev. 1.4 multiplier/jitter attenuator ic. wideband operation allows the dspll to more closely track the precision reference source resulting in the best possible jitter performance. 6.2. serialization the si5100 serialization circuitry is comprised of a fifo and a parallel to serial shift register. the device can be configured to serialize either 4-bit data words input on txdin[3:0] or 16-bit data words input on txdin[15:0]. the 4-bit or 16-bit configur ation is selected using the mode16 input. low-speed data on the parallel input bus is latched into the fifo on the rising edge of txclk16in. data is clocked out of the fifo and into the shift register by txclk16out. the high-speed serial data stream txdout is clocked out of the shift register by txclkout. the txclk16out clock is provided as an output signal to support either 4-bit or 16-bit word transfers between the si5100 and upstream devices using a counter clocking scheme. 6.2.1. input fifo the si5100 transmit fifo decouples the timing of the data transferred into the fifo via txclk16in from the data transferred into the shift register via txclk16out. the fifo is eight parallel words deep and accommodates static phase delay that may be introduced between txclk16out and txclk16in in counter clocking schemes . furthermore, the fifo accommodates a bounded phase drift, or wander, between txclk16in and txclk16out of up to three parallel data words. the fifo circuitry indicates an overflow or underflow condition by asse rting the fifoerr signal. this output can be used to re-center the fifo read/write pointers by tieing it directly to the fiforst input. the fiforst signal causes re-centering of the fifo read/write pointers. the si5100 also automatically re- centers the read/write pointers after the device is powered on, after an exte rnal reset via the reset input, and each time the dspll transitions from an out- of-lock state to a locked state (when txlol transitions from low to high). 6.2.2. parallel input to serial output relationship the si5100 provides the capability to se lect the order in which the data received on the parallel input bus, txdin[15:0], is transmitted serially on the high-speed serial data output, txdout. data on the parallel bus is transmitted msb first or lsb first depending on the setting of the txmsbsel input. when txmsbsel is set low, txdin0 is transmitted first, followed in order by txdin1 through txdin15 (t xdin1 through txdin3 if mode16 = 0). when txmsbsel is set high, txdin15 (txdin3) is transmitted first, followed in order by txdin14 (txdin2) through txdin0. this feature can simplify printed circuit board (pcb) routing in applications where ics are mounted on both sides of the pcb. 6.2.3. transmit data squelch to prevent the transmission of corrupted data into the network, the si5100 provides a control pin that can be used to force the high-speed serial data output txdout to zero. when the txsqlch input is set low, the txdout signal is forced to a zero state. the txsqlch input is ignored when the device is in line loopback mode (llbk = 0). 6.2.4. clock disable the si5100 provides a clock disable pin, txclkdsbl, that can be used to disable the high-speed serial data clock output, txclkout. when the txclkdsbl pin is asserted, the positive and negative terminals of clkout are internally tied to 1.5 v through 50 on- chip resistors. this feature can be used to reduce power consumption in applications that do not use the high-speed transmit data clock. 7. loop timed operation the si5100 can be configured to provide sonet/sdh compliant loop timed operation. when the lptm input is set low, the transmit clock and data timing is derived from the cdr recovered clock output. this is achieved by dividing down the recovered clock and using it as a reference source for the tr ansmit cmu. this results in transmit clock and data signals that are locked to the timing recovered from the received data path. a narrow- band loop filter setting is recommended for this mode of operation. 8. diagnostic loopback the si5100 provides a diagnostic loopback mode that establishes a loopback path from the serializer output to the deserializer input. this provides a mechanism for looping back data input via the low-speed transmit interface, txdin[15:0], to the low-speed receive data interface, rxdout[15:0]. this mode is enabled when the dlbk input is set low. note: setting both dlbk and llbk low simultaneously is not supported.
si5100 rev. 1.4 21 9. line loopback the si5100 provides a line loopback mode that establishes a loopback path from the high-speed receive input to the high-speed transmit output. this provides a mechanism for looping back the high-speed clock and data recovered from rxdin to the transmit data output, txdout, and clock, txclkout. this mode is enabled when the llbk input is set low. note: setting both dlbk and llbk low simultaneously is not supported. 10. bias generation circuitry the si5100 uses two external resistors, rxrext and txrext, to set internal bias currents for the receive and transmit sections of the device, respectively. the external resistors allow precise generation of bias currents, which can significantly reduce power consumption. the bias generation circuitry requires two 3.09 k (1%) resistors each connected between rxrext and gnd and between txrext and gnd. 11. reference clock the si5100 supports operation with one of two possible reference clock sources. in the first configuration, an external reference clock is connected to the refclk input. the second configuration uses the parallel data clock, txclk16in, as the reference clock source. the refsel input is used to select whether the refclk or the txclk16in input are used as the reference clock. when refclk is selected as the reference clock source (refsel = 1), two possible reference clock frequencies are supported. the reference clock frequency provided on the refclk input can be either 1/16th or 1/32th the desired transceiver data rate. the refclk frequency is selected using the refrate input. the txclk16in clock frequency is equal to either 1/4th or 1/16th the transceiver data rate depending on the state of the mode16 input. when txclk16in is selected as the reference clock source (refsel = 0), the refrate input has no effect. the cmu in the si5100?s tran smit section multiplies the provided reference up to the serial transmit data rate. when the cmu has achieved lock with the selected reference, the txlol output is deasserted (driven high). the cdr in the receive section of the si5100 uses the selected reference clock to center the receiver pll frequency in order to speed lock acquisition. when the receive cdr locks to the data input, the rxlol signal is deasserted (driven high). 12. reset the si5100 is reset by holding the reset pin low for at least 1 s. when reset is asserted, the input fifo pointers are reset and the digital control circuitry is initialized. when reset transitions high to start normal operation, the transmit cmu calibration is performed. 13. transmit differential output circuitry the si5100 utilizes a cu rrent-mode logic (cml) architecture to drive the high -speed serial output clock and data on txclkout and txdout. an example of output termination with ac coupling is shown in figure 9. in applications with direct dc coupling, the 0.1 f capacitors can be omitted. the differential peak-to-peak voltage swing of the cml architecture is listed in ta b l e 2 . 14. internal pullups and pulldowns on-chip 30 k resistors are used to individually set the lvttl inputs if these inputs are left unconnected. the specific default state of each input is enumerated in 17. "pin descriptions: si5100" on page 26. 15. power supply filtering the transmitter-generated jit ter is most sensitive to power supply noise below its pll loop-bandwidth (bwsel setting). the power supply noise of interest is bounded between the sonet/sdh generated jitter specification of 12 khz (for 2.48832 gbps) and the pll loop-bandwidth. integrated su pply noise from 1/10th the sonet/sdh specification (1 .2 khz) to 10x the loop- bandwidth should be suppressed to a level appropriate for each design. below the pll loop-bandwidth, the typical generated jitter due to supply noise is approximately 2.5 muipp per 1 mvrms; this parameter can be used as a guideline for calculating the output jitter and supply filtering requirements. the receiver does not place additional power supply constraints beyond those listed for the transmitter. please contact silicon lab oratories? applications engineering for recommendations on bypass capacitors and their placement.
si5100 22 rev. 1.4 figure 9. cml output driver termination (txclkout, txdout) figure 10. receiver differential input circuitry 1.5 v 50 50 24 ma zo = 50 zo = 50 50 50 vdd vdd 0.1 f 0.1 f 150 1.5 v 0.1 f 0.1 f + ? 150 75 75 rxdin+ rxdin?
si5100 rev. 1.4 23 figure 11. lvds driver termination (rxdout, txclk16out) figure 12. lvds differential input circuitry esd _ + 6.5 ma out + in _ 50 50 1.2 v in + in _ in + esd out _ 6.5 ma esd esd 5 k 5 k 100 in + in _ common mode adjust circuit
si5100 24 rev. 1.4 16. si5100 pinout: 195 bga figure 13. si5100 pin configuration (bottom view) gnd gnd 11 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 14 13 12 1 9 a k j g h f e d c b p n m l rxdout [4]+ rxdout [2]? rxdout [2]+ rxdout [0]? rxdout [0]+ rx clk[1]? rx clk[1]+ rxdout [4]? rxdout [3]? rxdout [3]+ rxdout [1]? rxdout [1]+ rx clk[2]? rx clk[2]+ rxdout [6]+ rxdout [5]+ rxdout [6]? rxdout [5]? rxdout [8]+ rxdout [7]+ rxdout [8]? rxdout [7]? rxdout [10]+ rxdout [9]+ rxdout [10]? rxdout [9]? refrate vddio gnd rxdin? gnd txdin [10]+ txdin [10]? txdin [8]+ txdin [8]? txdin [6]+ txdin [6]? txdin [7]? txdin [4]+ txdin [5]+ txdin [4]? txdin [5]? txdin [3]+ txdin [3]? txdin [1]+ txdin [1]? txdin [2]? txdin [0]+ txdin [0]? txdin [2]+ txdout+ txdout? bwsel0 txlol txclk16 out+ txclk16 out? fiforst fifoerr txclk16 in+ txclk16 in? txclkout+ txclkout? gnd gnd gnd gnd gnd gnd txrext rsvd_ gnd rsvd_ gnd gnd gnd gnd gnd rsvd_ gnd gnd gnd gnd vdd vdd txmsb sel vdd txdin [12]? txdin [13]? bwsel1 rsvd_ gnd txdin [11]+ txdin [11]? txdin [9]+ txdin [9]? txdin [7]+ txdin [12]+ txdin [13]+ refsel gnd gnd gnd gnd txdin [14]? txdin [15]? txclk dsbl vdd gnd vdd vdd vdd txdin [14]+ txdin [15]+ lptm vdd gnd vdd vdd vdd vdd rxdout [15]? ref clk- vdd gnd vdd vdd vdd vdd vdd rxdout [15]+ ref clk+ mode16 vdd gnd vdd vdd vdd vdd vdd gnd rxdout [13]? rxdout [14]? rxclki- dsbl dlbk vdd gnd vdd vdd vdd vdd vdd gnd rxdout [14]+ rxdout [13]+ gnd slice mode vdd gnd vdd vdd vdd vdd vdd gnd rxdout [12]? rxdout [11]? rxmsb sel rsvd_ gnd phaseadj rxdin+ gnd gnd gnd gnd gnd gnd gnd gnd gnd rxclk2 dsbl rxrext rxamp mon vref slicelvl rxdout [12]+ rxdout [11]+ rsvd_ gnd rxclk2 div rsvd_ gnd loslvl rxsqlch ltr rxlol reset los llbk txsqlch
si5100 rev. 1.4 25 figure 14. si5100 pin configuration (transparent top view) txlol 11 2345678 10 14 13 12 19 a k j g h f e d c b p n m l rxdout [4]+ rxdout [2]? rxdout [2]+ rxdout [0]? rxdout [0]+ rx clk[1]? rx clk[1]+ rxdout [4]? rxdout [3]? rxdout [3]+ rxdout [1]? rxdout [1]+ rx clk[2]? rx clk[2]+ rxdout [6]+ rxdout [5]+ rxdout [6]? rxdout [5]? rxdout [8]+ rxdout [7]+ rxdout [8]? rxdout [7]? rxdout [10]+ rxdout [9]+ rxdout [10]? rxdout [9]? gnd txdin [10]+ txdin [10]? txdin [8]+ txdin [8]? txdin [6]+ txdin [6]? txdin [7]? txdin [4]+ txdin [5]+ txdin [4]? txdin [5]? txdin [3]+ txdin [2]? txdin [0]+ txdin [0]? txdin [2]+ bwsel0 txclk16 out+ txclk16 out? fiforst rsvd_ gnd txmsb sel txdin [12]? txdin [13]? txsqlch bwsel1 rsvd_ gnd txdin [11]+ txdin [11]? txdin [9]+ txdin [9]? txdin [7]+ txdin [12]+ txdin [13]+ refsel gnd gnd gnd gnd txdin [14]? txdin [15]? txclk dsbl vdd gnd vdd vdd txdin [14]+ txdin [15]+ lptm vdd gnd rxdout [15]? ref clk? gnd rxdout [15]+ ref clk+ mode16 rxdout [13]? rxdout [14]? rxdout [14]+ rxdout [13]+ txdin [3]? txdin [1]+ txdin [1]? txclk16 in+ txclk16 in? gnd gnd gnd gnd txdout? gnd txrext rsvd_ gnd gnd gnd gnd txdout+ fifoerr gnd rsvd_ gnd vdd vdd vdd gnd gnd gnd gnd vdd vdd vdd vdd vdd gnd refrate vddio txclkout? vdd vdd vdd vdd vdd vdd gnd txclkout+ vdd gnd vdd vdd vdd vdd vdd gnd gnd rxlol rxclk1 dsbl vdd gnd vdd vdd vdd vdd vdd rxdin? gnd gnd slice mode vdd gnd vdd vdd vdd vdd vdd gnd rxdout [12]? rxdout [11]? rxmsb sel rsvd_ gnd phase adj rxdin+ gnd gnd gnd gnd gnd gnd gnd gnd gnd rxclk2 dsbl rxrext rxamp mon vref slicelvl rxdout [12]+ rxdout [11]+ rsvd_ gnd rxclk2 div rsvd_ gnd loslvl rxsqlch ltr dlbk los reset llbk
si5100 26 rev. 1.4 17. pin descriptions: si5100 alphabetically listed by name pin number(s) name i/o signal level description m10 m7 bwsel1 bwsel0 i lvttl transmit dspll bandwidth select. the inputs select loop bandwidth of the transmit clock multiplier dspll as listed in table 6. note: both inputs have an internal pulldown. f12 dlbk i lvttl diagnostic loopback. when this input is low, the transmit clock and data are looped back for output on rxdout, rxclk1 and rxclk2. this pin should be held high for normal operation. note: this input has an internal pullup. k3 fifoerr o lvttl fifo error. this output is asserted (driven low) when a fifo overflow/underflow has oc curred. this output is low until reset by asserting fiforst. m6 fiforst i lvttl fifo reset. when this input is low, the read/write fifo point- ers are reset to their initial state. note: this input has an internal pullup. b1, c1?2, d2, d5?11, e4, e11, e2, f11, f1?2, g11, g2, h11, h2, j11, j1?4, k11, k2, l5?11, l2, m1?4 gnd gnd supply ground. connect to system gnd. ensure a very low impedance path for optimal performance. h12 llbk i lvttl line loopback. when this input is low, the recovered clock and data are looped back for output on txdout, and txclkout. set this pin high for normal operation. note: this input has an internal pullup. g3 los o lvttl loss-of-signal. this output is asserted (driven low) when the peak-to-peak signal amplitude on rxdin is below the threshold set via loslvl. c3 loslvl i los threshold level. applying an analog voltage to this pin allows adjustment of the threshold used to declare los . tieing this input to vref disables los detection and forces the los output high.
si5100 rev. 1.4 27 j12 lptm i lvttl loop timed operation. when this input is set low, the recovered clock from the receiver is di vided down and used as the reference source for the transmit cmu. the narrowband setting for the dspll cmu is suffi- cient to provide sonet compliant jitter genera- tion and jitter transfer on the transmit data and clock outputs (txdout,txclkout). set this pin high for normal operation. note: this input has an internal pullup. e3 ltr i lvttl lock-to-reference. when the ltr input is set low, the receiver pll locks to the selected reference clock. this func- tion can be used to force a stable output clock on the rxclk1 and rxclk2 outputs when no valid input data signal is applied to rxdin. when the ltr input is set high, the receiver pll locks to the rxdin signal (normal operation). note: this input has an internal pullup. g12 mode16 i lvttl mux/demux mode. this input configures the multiplexer/demulti- plexer to operate with either 4-bit or 16-bit paral- lel data words. when this input is set high, the device is configured fo r 16-bit parallel word transfers on rxdout[15:0] and txdin[15:0]. when this input is set lo w, the multiplexer/demul- tiplier operates with 4-bit word transfers on rxd- out[3:0] and txdin[3:0]. d4 phaseadj i sampling phase adjust. applying an analog voltage to this pin allows adjustment of the sampling phase across the data eye. tieing this input to vref nominally centers the sampling phase. g14 h14 refclk+ refclk? i lvpecl differential reference clock. this input is used as the si5100 reference clock when the refsel input is set high (refsel = 1). the reference clock sets the operating frequency of the si5100 transmit cmu, which is used to generate the high-speed transmit clock txclkout. the reference clock is also used by the si5100 receiver cdr to cen- ter the pll during lock acquisition, and as a ref- erence for determination of the receiver lock status. the refclk frequency is either 1/16th or 1/32nd of the serial data rate (nominally 155 or 78 mhz, respectively). the refclk frequency is selected using the refrate input. when refsel = 1, a valid reference clock must be present. pin number(s) name i/o signal level description
si5100 28 rev. 1.4 h4 refrate i lvttl reference clock rate select. the refrate input sets the frequency for the refclk input. when refrate is set high, the refclk frequency is 1/16th the serial data rate (nominally 155 mhz). when refrate is set low, the refclk frequency is 1/32nd the serial data rate (nominally 78 mhz). the refrate input has no effect when the refsel input is set low. note: this input has an internal pullup. l12 refsel i lvttl reference clock selection. this input selects the reference clock source to be used by the si5100 transmitter and receiver. the reference clock sets the operating fre- quency of the si5100 transmit cmu, which is used to generate the high-speed transmit clock txclkout. the reference clock is also used by the si5100 receiver cdr to center the pll dur- ing lock acquisition, and as a reference for deter- mination of the receiver lock status. when refsel = 0, the low-speed data input clock, txclk16in, is used as the reference clock. when refsel = 1, the reference clock provided on refclk is used. note: this input has an internal pullup. g4 reset i lvttl device reset. forcing this input low for a at least 1 s causes a device reset. for normal operation, this pin should be held high. note: this input has an internal pullup. c6?7, d3, k4, l4, m8, m11 rsvd_gnd reserved tie to ground. must be connected directly to gnd for proper operation. c10 rxampmon o analog receiver amplitude monitor. the rxampmon output provides an analog output signal that is proportional to the input signal amplitude. see equation 1 for the relationship between the rxampmon output and rxdin input. this signal is active when slicemode is asserted. a2 a3 rxclk1+ rxclk1? olvds differential receiver clock output 1. the clock recovered from the signal present on rxdin is divided down to the parallel output word rate and output on rxclk1. in the absence of data, a stable clock on rxclk1 can be maintained by asserting ltr . pin number(s) name i/o signal level description
si5100 rev. 1.4 29 b2 b3 rxclk2+ rxclk2? olvds differential receiver clock output 2. an auxiliary output clock is provided on this pin that is equivalent to, or a submultiple of, the out- put word rate. the divide factor used in generat- ing rxclk2 is set via rxclk2div. c12 rxclk2div i lvttl rxclk2 clock divider select. this input selects the divide factor used to gen- erate the rxclk2 output. when this input is driven high, rxclk2 is equal to the output word rate on rxdout. when driven low, rxclk2 is 1/4th the output word rate. note: this input has an internal pullup. f4 rxclk1dsbl i lvttl rxclk1 disable. setting this input low disables the rxclk1 output. this is used to save power in applications that do not require the primary output clock. note: this input has an internal pullup. c8 rxclk2dsbl i lvttl rxclk2 disable. setting this input low disables the rxclk2 out- put. this saves power in applications that do not require an auxiliary clock. note: this input has an internal pullup. d1 e1 rxdin+ rxdin? i high-speed differential differential receive data input. the receive clock and data signals rxclk1, rxclk2, and rxdout[15:0] are recovered from the high-speed data signal present on these pins. pin number(s) name i/o signal level description
si5100 30 rev. 1.4 g13 h13 e14 f14 e13 f13 c14 d14 c13 d13 a14 b14 b12 b13 a12 a13 b10 b11 a10 a11 b8 b9 a8 a9 b6 b7 a6 a7 b4 b5 a4 a5 rxdout15+ rxdout15? rxdout14+ rxdout14? rxdout13+ rxdout13? rxdout12+ rxdout12? rxdout11+ rxdout11? rxdout10+ rxdout10? rxdout9+ rxdout9? rxdout8+ rxdout8? rxdout7+ rxdout7? rxdout6+ rxdout6? rxdout5+ rxdout5? rxdout4+ rxdout4? rxdout3+ rxdout3? rxdout2+ rxdout2? rxdout1+ rxdout1? rxdout0+ rxdout0? olvds differential parallel receive data output. the data recovered from the signal present on rxdin is demultip lexed and output as a 16-bit parallel word via rxdout[15:0]. the bit order for demultiplexing is selected by the rxmsbsel input. the rxdout[15:0] outputs are aligned to the rising edge of rxclk1. f3 rxlol o lvttl receiver loss-of-lock. this output is asserted (driven low) when the recovered clock frequency deviates from the ref- erence clock by the amount specified in table 5 on page 10 (lol ). pin number(s) name i/o signal level description
si5100 rev. 1.4 31 d12 rxmsbsel i lvttl receive data bus bit order select. this determines the order of the received data bits on the output bus. when rxmsbsel is set low, the first bit received is output on rxdout0 and the follow- ing bits are output in order on rxdout1 through rxdout15 (rxdout1 through rxdout3 if mode16 = 0). when rxmsbsel is set high, the first bit received is output on rxdout15 (rxdout3) and the following bits are output in order on rxdout14 (rxdout2) through rxdout0. note: this input has an internal pulldown. c11 rxrext receiver external bias resistor. this resistor is used by the receiver circuitry to establish bias currents within the device. this pin must be connected to gnd through a 3.09 k ( 1 %) resistor. c9 rxsqlch i lvttl receiver data squelch. when this input is low the data on rxd- out[15:0] is forced to a zero state. set rxsqlch high for normal operation. the rxsqlch input is ignored when operating in diagnostic loopback mode (dlbk = 0). note: this input has an internal pullup. c4 slicelvl i slicing level adjustment. applying an analog voltage to this pin allows adjustment of the slici ng level applied to the input data eye. tying this input to vref sets the slicing offset to 0. e12 slicemode i lvttl slice level adjustment mode. the slicemode input is used to select the mode of operation for s licing level adjustment. when slicemode = 0, absolute slice mode is selected. when slicemode = 1, proportional slice mode is selected. note: this input has an internal pulldown. n2 n1 txclk16in+ txclk16in? ilvds differential transmit data clock input. the rising edge of this input clocks data present on txdin into the device. txclk 16in is also used as the si5100 reference clock when the refsel input is set low. pin number(s) name i/o signal level description
si5100 32 rev. 1.4 p2 p1 txclk16out+ txclk16out? olvds divided down transmit output clock. this clock output is generated by dividing down the high-speed output clock, txclkout, to match the txdout[15:0] word rate. this is accomplished by dividing by either 4 or 16, depending on the state of the mode16 input. the txclk16out is provided for use in counter clocking schemes that transfer data between the system framer and the si5100. (see refsel and refrate descriptions.) k12 txclkdsbl i lvttl high-speed transmit clock disable. when this input is high, the output driver for txclkout is disabled. in applications that do not require the output data clock, the output clock driver should be disabled to save power. note: this input has an internal pulldown. g1 h1 txclkout+ txclkout? ocml high-speed transmit clock output. the high-speed output clock, txclkout, is generated by the pll in the clock multiplier unit. its frequency is nominally 16 or 32 times the selected reference source. pin number(s) name i/o signal level description
si5100 rev. 1.4 33 j13 k13 j14 k14 l13 m13 l14 m14 n14 n13 p14 p13 n12 n11 p12 p11 n10 n9 p10 p9 n8 n7 p8 p7 n6 n5 p6 p5 n4 n3 p4 p3 txdin15+ txdin15? txdin14+ txdin14? txdin13+ txdin13? txdin12+ txdin12? txdin11+ txdin11? txdin10+ txdin10? txdin9+ txdin9? txdin8+ txdin8? txdin7+ txdin7? txdin6+ txdin6? txdin5+ txdin5? txdin4+ txdin4? txdin3+ txdin3? txdin2+ txdin2? txdin1+ txdin1? txdin0+ txdin0? ilvds differential parallel transmit data input. the 4-bit or 16-bit data word present on these pins is multiplexed into a high-speed serial stream and output on txdout. the data word size is set by the mode16 input. the bit order for transmit multiplexi ng is selected by the txmsbsel input. the data on txdin[15:0] is clocked into the device by the rising edge of txclk16in. k1 l1 txdout+ txdout? ocml differential high-speed transmit data output. the 4-bit or 16-bit word input on txdin[15:0] is multiplexed into a high-speed serial stream that is output on the txdout pins. the data word size is set by the mode16 input. the bit order for transmit multiplexi ng is selected by the txmsbsel input. the txdout outputs are updated by the rising edge of txclkout. m5 txlol o lvttl transmit cmu loss-of-lock. the txlol output is asserted (low) when the cmu is not phase-locked to the selected refer- ence source or if refc lk is not present. see lol in table 5 on page 10. pin number(s) name i/o signal level description
si5100 34 rev. 1.4 m9 txmsbsel i lvttl transmit data bus bit order select. this input determines the order in which data bits received on the txdin[15:0] bus are trans- mitted on the high-speed serial output txdout. for txmsbsel = 0, data on txdin0 is trans- mitted first followed by txdin1 through txdin15 (txdin1 through txdout3 if mode16 = 0). for txmsbsel = 1, txdin15 (txdin3) is transmitted first followed by txdin14 (txdin2) through txdin0. note: this input has an internal pulldown. l3 txrext transmitter external bias resistor. this resistor is used by the transmitter circuitry to establish bias currents within the device. this pin must be connected to gnd through a 3.09 k ( 1 %) resistor. m12 txsqlch i lvttl transmit data squelch. when txsqlch is set low, the output data stream on txdout is forced to a zero state. set txsqlch high for normal operation. the txsqlch input is ignored when operating in line loopback mode (llbk = 0). note: this input has an internal pullup. e5?10, f5?10, g5?10, h5?10, j5?10, k5?10 v dd v dd 1.8 v supply voltage. nominally 1.8 v. h3 v ddio v ddio 1.8 v or 3.3 v lvttl i/o supply voltage. connect to either 1.8 or 3.3 v. when connected to 3.3 v, lvttl compatible voltage swings are supported on the lvttl inputs and lvttl out- puts of the device. c5 vref o voltage ref voltage reference. the si5100 provides an output voltage reference that can be used by an external circuit to set the los threshold, slicing le vel, or sampling phase adjustment. the equivalent resistance between this pin and gnd should not be less than 10 k . the reference voltage is nominally 1.25 v. pin number(s) name i/o signal level description
si5100 rev. 1.4 35 18. ordering guide part number package temperature range si5100-g-bc 195-ball cbga (prior revision) rohs-5 ?20 to 85 c SI5100-H-BL 195-ball pbga (current revision) rohs-5 ?20 to 85 c si5100-h-gl 195-ball pbga (current revision) rohs-6 ?20 to 85 c
si5100 36 rev. 1.4 19. package outline figure 15 illustrates the package details for the si5100. table 9 lists the values for the dime nsions shown in the illustration. figure 15. 195-ball plastic ball grid array (pbga) table 9. package diagram dimensions (mm) symbol min nom max symbol min nom max a 1.22 1.39 1.56 e1 13.00 bsc a1 0.40 0.50 0.60 e 1.00 bsc a2 0.32 0.36 0.40 s 0.50 bsc a3 0.46 0.53 0.60 aaa 0.10 b 0.50 0.60 0.70 bbb 0.10 d 15.00 bsc ccc 0.12 e 15.00 bsc ddd 0.15 d1 13.00 bsc eee 0.08 notes: 1. all dimensions shown are in millim eters (mm) unless otherwise noted. 2. dimensioning and tolerancing per ansi y14.5m-1994. 3. this drawing conforms to jede c outline mo-192, variation aae-1. 4. recommended card reflow profile is per the jedec/ipc j-std-020c specification for small body components.
si5100 rev. 1.4 37 20. 15x15 mm 195l pbga recommended pcb layout notes: general 1. all dimensions shown are in milli meters (mm) unless otherwise noted. 2. dimensioning and tolerancing is per th e ansi y14.5m-1994 specification. 3. this land pattern design is based on the ipc-7351 guidelines. solder mask design 1. all metal pads are to be non-solder mask defined (nsmd). clearance between the solder mask and the metal pad is to be 60 m minimum, all the way around the pad. stencil design 1. a stainless steel, laser-cut and electro-polished stencil wit h trapezoidal walls should be used to assure good solder paste release. 2. the stencil thickness should be 0.125 mm (5 mils). 3. the ratio of stencil aperture to land pad size should be 1:1. card assembly 1. a no-clean, type-3 solder paste is recommended. 2. the recommended card reflow profile is per the jedec/ipc j-std-020c spec ification for small body components. symbol min nom max x 0.40 0.45 0.50 c1 13.00 c2 13.00 e1 1.00 e2 1.00
si5100 38 rev. 1.4 d ocument c hange l ist revision 0.7 to revision 1.0 updated 1. "si5100 detailed block diagram" on page 4 to clarify control of rxampmon and cmu timing source. figure 1 on page 5 clarified the measurement of v icm , v ocm and v i . updated table 3 on page 8. updated table 4 on page 9. updated table 5 on page 10. updated table 6 on page 11. updated table 7 on page 12. updated dimension l in table 9 on page 36. updated 4. "functional description" on page 14. clarified frequency range, enabling rxampmon, and equations for v los . updated 5.3. "clock and data recovery (cdr)" on page 15. clarified slice and phase adjustment equations. added figure 4 on page 16. corrected figure 5 on page 17. added figure 11 on page 23. added figure 12 on page 23. revision 1.0 to revision 1.1 updated table 2 on page 6. updated figures 11 and 12 on page 23. updated table 9, ?package diagram dimensions (mm),? on page 36. revision 1.1 to revision 1.2 lvds input impedance updated in table 2, ?dc characteristics,? on page 6. added test condition for acquisition time in table 6, ?ac characteristics (transmitter clock multiplier) 1 ,? on page 11. updated 19. "package outline" on page 36. revision 1.2 to revision 1.3 updated chip graphic on page 1. revision 1.3 to revision 1.4 updated 18. "ordering guide" on page 35. updated 19. "package outline" on page 36. updated 20. "15x15 mm 195l pbga recommended pcb layout" on page 37.
si5100 rev. 1.4 39 n otes :
si5100 40 rev. 1.4 c ontact i nformation silicon laboratories inc. 400 west cesar chavez austin, tx 78701 tel: 1+(512) 416-8500 fax: 1+(512) 416-9669 toll free: 1+(877) 444-3032 email: highspeed@silabs.com internet: www.silabs.com silicon laboratories, silicon labs, siphy, and d spll are trademarks of silicon laboratories inc. other products or brandnames mentioned herein are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders. the information in this document is believed to be accurate in all respects at the time of publication but is subject to change without notice. silicon laboratories assumes no responsibility for errors and omissions, and disclaims responsib ility for any consequences resu lting from the use of information included herein. a dditionally, silicon laboratorie s assumes no responsibility for the functioning of und escribed features or parameters. silicon laboratories reserves the right to make changes without further notice . silicon laboratories makes no wa rranty, rep- resentation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does silicon laboratories as sume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and s pecifically disclaims any an d all liability, including wi thout limitation conse- quential or incidental damages. silicon laborat ories products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use in applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the silicon laboratories product could create a s ituation where per- sonal injury or death may occur. should buyer purchase or us e silicon laboratories products for any such unintended or unauthor ized ap- plication, buyer shall indemnify and hold silicon laboratories harmless against all claims and damages.

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