picor corporation ? www.picorpower.com qpi-7 data sheet rev. 1.1 page 1 of 8 features ? >60 db cm attenuation at 500 khz ? >80 db dm attenuation at 500 khz ? 40 vdc (max input) ? 100 vdc surge 100 ms ? 707 v hi-pot hold off to shield ? provides safe powered backplane board insertion ? 6 a breaker with delay, plus 12 a limiter ? 25 mm x 25 mm x 4.5 mm sip (system-in-a-package) ? low profile lga package ? -40 to +100c pcb temperature (see figure 5) ? hot-swap & filter combination saves space ? efficiency >98% ? connects between input supply and power converter?s input hold-up capacitors ? patents pending applications ? industrial and military cots qpi+ sw bus+ active emi filter qpi- shield hot-swap function powergood shield ov sw uven bus- bus+ pwrgd qpi+ qpi- qpi-7 figure 1 - block diagram, emi filter and hot-swap figure 2 - qpi-7 network analyzer attenuation curves description the qpi-7 is the low-voltage version of the qpi-8 sip product that includes the total hot swap function with an emi filter for dc/dc converter applications. the emi filter provides active conducted common-mode (cm) and differential- mode (dm) noise attenuation over the cispr22 frequency range of 150 khz to 30 mhz. the qpi-7 is designed for use on a 24 volt dc bus. the in-rush current limit and circuit breaker are designed to deliver over 100 w of power over the typical 24 v converter operating range of 18 to 36 v. the qpi-7?s internal fault timer allows it to operate safely in the event of a short across its output. the qpi-7 enters a retry mode where it will attempt to restart until the short condition is removed. the under and over voltage thresholds can be trimmed separately via the uven and ov inputs using external series resistors. the power good active high output provides opto-coupler drive for a converter?s active low enable (see fig. 9a) or active high by connecting the diode in series with the pwrgd output (see figure 9b). the qpi-7 is available in a 25 mm x 25 mm x 4.5 mm sip (system in package) with lga mounting. qpi-eval1 kits are available with a mounted qpi-7 with screw terminals for easy insertion and testing. check www.picorpower.com for the data sheet. qpi-7 quietpower ? hot-swap sip with active emi filter ?
picor corporation ? www.picorpower.com qpi-7 data sheet rev. 1.1 page 2 of 8 absolute maximum ratings ? exceeding these parameters may result in permanent damage to the product. electrical characteristics ? (parameter limits apply over the operating pcb temperature range unless otherwise noted) pins parameter notes min typ max units bus+, sw, pwg to bus- input voltage continuous -0.5 40 vdc bus+, sw, pwg to bus- input voltage 100msec transient 100 vdc bus+/bus- to shield bus inputs to shield hi-pot +/-707 vdc qpi+ to qpi- input to output current pulsed limit @ 25c 12 adc package power dissipation vbus=24v, 6adc, 25c 3.0 w package operating temperature pcb to qpi interface -40 100 c package thermal resistance free air 50 c/w package junction temperature tb=100c pd=4w @15c/w 160 c package thermal resistance pcb layout dependent (1) 15 c/w package storage temperature -40 125 c package re-flow temperature 20s exposure @ (2) 212 c all pins esd hbm +/-2 kv symbol parameter notes min typ max units vb+b- bus+ to bus- input range measured at 5 a (3) uv 40 vdc v+oi bus+ to qpi+ voltage drop measured at 5 a (3) 100 mvdc v-oi bus- to qpi- voltage drop measured at 5 a (3) 250 mvdc cmil common mode insertion loss vbus=24 v frequency=500 khz 63 db dmil differential mode insertion loss vbus=24 v frequency=500 khz 80 db i bus+ to bus- input bias current at 40 volts input current from bus+ to bus- 15 ma ipg qpi+ to qpi- load current prior to pwrgd critical maximum dc load 25 ma uv under voltage threshold - rising controller disabled to enabled 18 v uvhys under voltage hysteresis - falling controller enabled to disabled uv ? 2v v ov over voltage threshold - rising controller enabled to disabled 38 v ovhys over voltage hysteresis - falling controller disabled to enabled ov - 2v v pwgsat power good low voltage ipwg = 1 ma 0.2 0.6 mv pwglk power good high leakage vpwg=40 v 1 ua note 1: refer to figure 15 and qpi application note qpi-an1 for critical pcb layout guidelines to achieve this thermal resistance when re-flowed onto the pcb. note 2: rohs compliant product maximum peak temperature is 245c for 20 seconds. qpi 7 sip package (bottom view) 9 10 11 12 4 3 2 1 8 7 6 5 13 14 15 16 nc pwrgd ov bus+ shield sw bus- qpi+ qpi- bus+ uven sw bus- pin descriptions sip package outline (bottom view) pin number name description 1, 16 bus- negative bus potential 2, 3, 15 sw negative rail controlled by hot insertion function. 4 shield shield connects to the converter shield and y-capacitor common point via ry. see figures 9a and 9b. 5, 6 qpi- negative input to the converter 7, 8 qpi+ positive input to the converter 10 pwrgd open collector output that asserts low when power is not good. 12, 13 bus+ positive bus potential 14 uven high side of uv resistor divider 11 ov high side of ov resistor divider 9 not used no connection note 3: refer to figure 5 for current derating curve.
picor corporation ? www.picorpower.com qpi-7 data sheet rev. 1.1 page 3 of 8 applications ? emi the qpi-7 is an active emi filter providing conducted common-mode and differential-mode attenuation from 150 khz to 30 mhz. designed for the industrial and military bus range, the qpi supports the filtering of system boards to the en 55022 class b limit. the qpi-7 minimizes the empirical design work of passive approaches and the uncertainty that a solution will actually bring the system into compliance. the plots in figures 3 and 4 were taken using the standard 50_/50uh lisn and measurement conditions with the peak detection mode of the spectrum analyzer for a conducted emi test. the converter is a vicor v24b12c200bn, 24v to12v dc-dc converter with a 100w load. the results show the total noise spectrum compared to the cispr22 en 55022 class b quasi-peak detection limit. the plot in figure 4 shows the effect of inserting a qpi-7 filter between the dc bus and the converter?s inputs with a 100w load on the converter?s output. the resulting plot shows the qpi-7 is effective in reducing the measured pre-filtered total noise spectrum to well below the en 55022 quasi-peak detection limit. using the quasi-peak detection measurement mode would result in lower amplitudes by the error factor this method introduces. figure 3 ? conducted emi profile of a dc-dc converter. figure 4 ? conducted emi profile of a dc-dc converter with qpi-7.
applications ? hot-swap the qpi-7?s high-temperature 6 amp rating provides filtering for up to 144 watts of power from a 24 v bus with a 70c pcb temperature. the 1.0? x1.0? x 0.2? surface mount lga package provides ease of manufacturing by eliminating through-hole assembly. the current de-rating curve shown in figure 5 should be used when the pcb temperature that the qpi-7 is mounted to exceeds 70c. the qpi-7 is designed to have an under-voltage range of 16 v to 18 v set point when the uven pin is tied directly to the bus+ pin. the qpi-7 becomes enabled when the input voltage exceeds 18 v and continues to work down to 16v before being disabled. the qpi-7 over-voltage range is designed to be 36v to 38v when the ov pin is tied directly to the bus+ pin. the qpi-7 remains functioning until the input voltage surpasses 38 v, where the qpi-7 will shutdown until the input voltage falls below 36 v. external resistors can be added to trim the uv and ov trip points higher (see figures 9a and 9b). the graph in figure 6 shows the trimming effect for a range of external series resistors. it is critical to keep the load current on the converter?s input capacitor to less than 25ma during the initial power-up phase. this limit is set by the current limit level and the duty cycle of the circuit breaker timer. once powergood has been asserted the full load can be enabled. an external capacitor ce, shown in figures 9a and 9b, will provide the required hold-up filtering during a zero-volt bus transient event. this filtering will enable the powergood state of the qpi-7 to remain unchanged during this transient, provided there is enough hold-up capacitance and input energy to maintain the power converter?s operation. if the ce capacitor is used, a minimum value of 1k should be used for ruven to prevent damaging the enable diodes. to prevent the qpi-7 from going into a fault mode and de-asserting the pwrgd signal after the transient, the converter?s input capacitors must be sized so that they can be completely restored in the time of one 12a current pulse, about 750 s, and still maintain the required input current of the converter. if greater bulk capacitance is required for higher loads, then the circuit in figure 9c could be used to slowly charge the capacitors. to reduce bulk capacitance and take advantage of the v 2 energy relationship, a boost circuit with a switch-over function can be used to charge fewer bulk storage capacitors to a higher voltage. picor corporation ? www.picorpower.com qpi-7 data sheet rev. 1.1 page 4 of 8 0 2 4 6 8 0 10 1 0 20 2 0 30 3 0 40 4 0 50 5 0 60 6 0 70 7 0 80 8 0 90 9 0 100 1 0 0 pcb to qpi interface temperature (deg. c) figure 5 ? qpi-7 current derating curve over temperature. figure 8 ? 5ms bus transient, 40w load uv/ov trim 0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 series resistor voltage ov - high ov - low uv - high uv - low figure 6 ? trimming uv/ov with external series resistor. figure 7 ? uven and ov resistor equations. uven lo = 2.5 v(ruven + 118,700) 18,700 uven hi = 2.5 v + (ruven + 100,000)(154 a) ov lo = 2.5 v + (rov + 102,000)(350 a) ov hi = 2.5 v(rov + 109,150) 7,150
bus+ rc rb c hold-up pwrgd qpi 20 v 50 k picor corporation ? www.picorpower.com qpi-7 data sheet rev. 1.1 page 5 of 8 figure 9a ? typical atca system with qpi-7 and low enable converter (refer to figure 15 and qpi-an1 application note for critical pcb layout guidelines) figure 9b ? typical atca system with qpi-7 and high enable converter (refer to figure 15 and qpi-an1 application note for critical pcb layout guidelines) bus supply qpi-7 converter enable a enable b bus+ sw bus- cb 47 f ce rov ruven uven ov pwrgd 36k qpi+ qpi- vin+ on/off vin- cin cy pcb plane under converter vout+ vout- cy shield cy ry pe cy pwrgd bus- figure 9c ? powergood controlled, auxiliary bulk storage capacitor charging circuit. c hold-up = 2 * e (v pt 2 ? v uvlo 2 ) where: e = hold-up energy v pt = pre-transient voltage v uvlo = converter?s uv limit bus supply qpi-7 converter enable a enable b bus+ sw bus- cb 47 f ce rov ruven uven ov pwrgd 36k qpi+ qpi- vin+ on/off vin- cin cy pcb plane under converter vout+ vout- cy shield cy ry pe bus- cy pwrgd 50k bus-
start-up the following oscilloscope pictures show the hot swap bus- current, qpi- to bus- voltage and pwrgd to bus- output voltage of the qpi-7 during operation. figures 10 and 11 are the qpi-7?s in-rush characteristics under two load capacitance conditions. in figure 10 a 470 mf capacitor required roughly 330 ms to completely charge from a 24 v bus voltage. the qpi-7 can charge large amounts of bulk capacitance to maintain converter operation during 0v bus transients. figure 11 shows the qpi-7 charging 4700 uf of load capacitance to 24 v. under this condition the pwrgd takes about 2.9s to go high after the uven input is pulled high. figure 11?s time-scale is too long to show the current pulses that charge the bulk capacitance. after insertion, when the uven voltage exceeds 18 v the uv detection fault is cleared, the qpi-7 goes through a delay cycle (~45ms) to allow for system stabilization and de-bounce. after this time, the qpi- to bus- path is turned on and current is allowed to pass, monitored by the current sense function. initially the current level exceeds the 6 a circuit breaker limit, the event timer starts and the power good state is not valid. the sense function and linear control loop will allow twice the circuit breaker current to pass. if the current does not drop below the circuit breaker level prior to reaching the timer limit, typically 800 ms, the qpi- to bus- path will open. the effective duty cycle under the current limit condition is approximately 1%. once the load capacitors are fully charged to the input bus potential, the load condition falls below 6 a and the pwrgd pin is asserted high, providing that the bus supply is still within the uv and ov range. transient protection and recovery figures 12 and 13 show the qpi-7?s ability to handle low resistance shorts (< 2 w) at the load terminals to emulate fast and slow blown fuse events. in figure 12, the transient short is 2s long and the qpi- to bus- path is opened within 1 ms of this occurrence. figure 13 demonstrates the qpi-7?s performance with a short circuit on its output. the qpi-7 remains in a low duty cycle mode until the short is removed, then restarts normally. picor corporation ? www.picorpower.com qpi-7 data sheet rev. 1.1 page 6 of 8 figure 10 ? 470 f capacitor @ 24 v figure 11 ? 4700 mf load capacitor @ 24 v figure 12 ? 2 second short circuit figure 13 ? start-up into short circuit
picor corporation ? www.picorpower.com qpi-7 data sheet rev. 1.1 page 7 of 8 qpi-7 pcb layout considerations for optimal qpi-7 filtering performance, care must be taken when routing the signal paths of ry and the shield connections on the pc board. the ry resistor must connect between the converter's shield plane and the shield pin of the qpi-7. the connection to the chassis or protective earth, if required, should be taken directly from the qpi-7 shield pin as shown if figures 9a and 9b. figure 15 shows how this can be accomplished by using the qpi-7's shield pin to bridge the connection between ry and earth without allowing any parasitic paths that might circumvent the qpi-7 and degrade filtering performance. reference can be made to the qpi-an1 application note for critical pcb layout recommendations regarding filter performance, but use the qpi-7 pin/pad locations. some systems may require the converter?s positive or negative input or output ?terminal? to be connected to pe (protective earth) ground for safety or other considerations. when using the qpi in this situation this ?terminal? must be connected to the converter shield plane created in the pcb layout under the converter. because the pe earth path may pass excessive current under a fault condition the resistance of this path may be limited to a low resistance value. to meet the resistance requirement without degrading filter performance ry can be replaced by a 4.7uh inductor rated for the fault current condition maintaining low power dissipation during a fault until the protection device clears. the shield return pcb traces must be sized to handle this current as well. 0.000 0.100 0.300 0.492 0.441 0.441 0.100 0.300 0.492 0.000 0.100 0.300 0.492 0.400 0.441 0.441 0.400 0.100 0.300 0.492 qpi-7 sip package (bottom view) 0.9843 0.8000 0.9843 0.0200 0.1773 14 places 45.000 0.1250 0.0820 0.0625 0.0820 0.0820 r0.0410 figure 14 ? lga pad, package height and pad location dimensions in inches. bus- bus+ qpi+ shield qpi- 0.4410 0.4410 uven sw ov nc pwrgd shield plane under converter ry figure 15 ? recommended pcb layout pattern. 0.1310 0.0880 0.0655 0.0440 0.0440 0.0880 2 places 14 places 0.000 0.100 0.300 0.100 0.300 0.397 0.397 0.441 0.441 0.485 0.485 0.000 0.100 0.300 0.441 0.397 0.485 0.000 0.100 0.300 0.397 0.485 qpi package outline qpi pcb pad pattern (top view) r0.0440 0.492 figure 16 ? recommended pcb receiving footprint. ordering information part number description QPI-7L qpi-7 land grid array package QPI-7Lz qpi-7 land grid array package, rohs compliant picor?s z version qp sips are not hermetically sealed and must not be exposed to liquid, including but not limited to cleaning solvents, aqueous washing solutions or pressurized sprays. when soldering, it is recommended that no-clean flux solder be used, as this will insure that potentially corrosive mobile ions will not remain on, around, or under the module following the soldering process. post solder cleaning
picor corporation ? www.picorpower.com ? qpi-7 data sheet rev. 1.1 10/07 vicor?s comprehensive line of power solutions includes high-density ac-dc & dc-dc modules and accessory components, fully configurable ac-dc & dc-dc power supplies, and complete custom power systems. information furnished by vicor is believed to be accurate and reliable. however, no responsibility is assumed by vicor for its use. no license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of vicor. vicor components are not designed to be used in applications, such as life support systems, wherein a failure or malfunction could result in injury or death. all sales are subject to vicor?s terms and conditions of sale, which are available upon request. specifications are subject to change without notice. vicor corporation 25 frontage road, andover, ma, usa 01810 tel: 800-735-6200 fax: 978-475-6715 email vicor express: vicorexp@vicr.com technical support: apps@vicr.com
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