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datel, inc., mans eld, ma 02048 (usa) ? tel: (508)339-3000, (800)233-2765 fax: (508)339-6356 ? email: sales@datel.co m ? internet: www.datel.com innovation and ex c ell e n c e ? ? features ?v in (1) +v in (3) opto isolation pwm controller reference & error amp input undervoltage, input overvoltage, and output overvoltage comparators * can be ordered with positive (standard) or negative (optional) polarity. remote on/off control* (2) +sense (7) ?sense (5) +v out (8) v out trim (6) ?v out (4) switch control single output usq 40a models high-current, quarter-brick 40 amp, dc/dc converters an unrivaled combination of power, size, long-term reliability and affordable cost de nes datels new 40 ampere output quarter-bricks. by exploiting a fully synchronous forward topology and the newest available components, the usq 40a model converters achieve an 89% ef ciency. the extremely high ef ciency enables these units to reliably deliver up to 40 amps of output power from a low-height pro le, industry-standard ?uarter-brick?format package (1.45" x 2.28" x 0.40") with aluminum baseplate and open-to-air ow shell. the usq 40a models are a pin- compatible, high-current, companion product family to datels usq 30a and 20a families, and the ulq series 10a and 15a family of quarter bricks. additional features include output noise of 110 millivolts, ?.05% line/load regu- lation maximum, and quick transient response (200?ec to ?%). device functionality includes remote on/off control (positive or negative polarity), and output trim (+10%, ?0%), sense function, and nominal input ranges of 24v (18-36v) and 48v (36-75v). in order to safeguard both the power converter and its load, usq 40a models, offers the most extensive i/o protection including input undervoltage lockout, and reverse-polarity protection, as well as output overvoltage protection, current limiting, short-circuit protection (?iccup?technique), and thermal shutdown (and optional input overvoltage lockout). the usq 40a series are designed to meet the basic insulation requirements of ul1950 and en60950. the ?48?models carry the ce mark. safety certi cations, as well as emc compliance testing and quali cation testing (including halt), are currently in progress. contact datel for the latest information. figure 1. simpli ed schematic 40 amperes output current low-pro le, industry standard quarter-brick package and pinout; 1.45" x 2.28" x 0.40" 24v and 48v nominal inputs output voltages: 1.2/1.5/1.8/2.5/3.3v outstanding ef ciency: 89% full synchronous-recti er topology 110mvp-p noise fast transient response (200?ec to 1%) impressive ?.05% line/load regulation fully isolated, 1500vdc guaranteed fully i/o protected; thermal shutdown remote on/off control output trim and sense functions ul1950/en60950 app rovals, halt tested, emi compliant preliminary
usq series u sq 2.5 40 d48 n - /- remote on/off control polarity: add "p" for positive polarity (pin 2 open = converter on) add "n" for negative polarity (pin 2 open = converter off) quarter-brick package output con guration: u = unipolar/single nominal output voltage: 1.2, 1.5, 1.8, 2.5 or 3.3 volts maximum rated output current in amps input voltage range: d48 = 36-75 volts (48v nominal) part number structure 2 ? typical at t a = +25c under nominal line voltage and full-load conditions, unless otherwise noted. all models are tested and speci? ed with external output capacitors (1f ceramic in parallel with 10f tantalum). ? contact datel for ? xed output voltages (such as 2v) other than those listed. ? ripple/noise (r/n) is tested/speci? ed over a 20mhz bandwidth. output noise may be further reduced with the installation of additional external output ? ltering. see i/o filtering, input ripple current, and output noise for details. i/o connections pin function p32 1 ?input 2 remote on/off* 3 +input 4 ?output 5 ?sense 6 output trim 7 +sense 8 +output * the remote on/off can be provided with either positive (standard) or negative (optional) polarity. ? the load-regulation specs apply over the 0-100% range. all models in the usq series have no minimum-load requirements and will regulate within spec under no-load conditions (with perhaps a slight increase in ripple/noise). additionally, all models are unconditionally stable, including start-up and short-circuit-shutdown situations, with capacitive loads up to 25,000f. ? contact datel for v in ranges other than those listed. ? for each model, the two listed dc currents are for the following conditions: full load/nominal input voltage and full load/low line voltage (36v). the latter is usually the worst-case condition for input current. mechanical specifications 0.10 (2.54) * * usq series heatsinks are available in 3 heights: 0.25 (6.35), 0.50 (12.70) and 1.00 (25.4) 1.45 (36.83) 2.28 (57.91) material: black anodized aluminum 1.03 (26.16) 1.860 (47.24) 0.140 dia. (3.56) (4 places) optional heat sink heat sink ordering information heat sink height datel part number 0.25 inches (6.35mm) hs-qb25 0.50 inches (12.70mm) hs-qb50 1.00 inches (25.40mm) hs-qb100 all heat sinks include 4 mounting screws and a thermal pad. performance speci cations and ordering guide ? usq-1.2/40-d24 1.2 40 75 tbd 0.05% 0.05% 24 18-36 2.4/3.3 81% c33, p32 usq-1.2/40-d48 1.2 40 75 tbd 0.05% 0.05% 48 36-75 1.34/1.63 81% c33, p32 usq-1.5/40-d24 1.5 40 110 tbd 0.05% 0.05% 24 18-36 2.9/4.0 84% c33, p32 usq-1.5/40-d48 1.5 40 110 tbd 0.05% 0.05% 48 36-75 1.5/2.1 84% c33, p32 usq-1.8/40-d24 1.8 40 100 tbd 0.05% 0.05% 24 18-36 3.5/4.9 84% c33, p32 usq-1.8/40-d48 1.8 40 100 tbd 0.05% 0.05% 48 36-75 1.8/2.5 84% c33, p32 usq-2.5/40-d24 2.5 40 145 tbd 0.05% 0.05% 24 18-36 4.7/7.0 88% c33, p32 usq-2.5/40-d48 2.5 40 145 tbd 0.05% 0.05% 48 36-75 2.4/3.3 88% c33, p32 usq-3.3/35-d24 3.3 35 155 tbd 0.05% 0.05% 24 18-36 5.4/7.5 89% c33, p32 usq-3.3/35-d48 3.3 35 155 tbd 0.05% 0.05% 48 36-75 2.8/3.9 89% c33, p32 output input r/n (mvp-p) ? regulation (max.) package v out ? i out v in nom. range i in ? (case, model (volts) (amps) typ. max. line load ? (volts) ? (volts) ? (amps) ef ciency pinout) case c33 1.45 (36.83) bottom view 1 2 3 8 7 6 5 4 (4) 0.170 dia. #m3 thd. thru open-frame, cast aluminum case bar code and serial number label shown on this surface. model number on opposite surface 0.15 min (3.81) 0.40 max. (10.16) dimensions are in inches (mm) standoff 0.015 (0.38) 2.28 (57.91) pins 1-3, 5-7: 0.040 0.002 (1.016 0.051) pins 4, 8: 0.060 0.002 (1.524 0.051) a b b 0.300 (7.62) 1.03 (26.16) 0.600 (15.24) b b 1.860 (47.24) 2.00 (50.80) a a 0.600 (15.24) 4 eq. sp. @ 0.150 (3.81) ? datel conforms to industry-standard quarter-brick pinout (see figure 19). ? a "baseplate only" model with a maximum height of 0.375" (9.53mm) is available with the addition of an "h" suf? x. contact datel. 40a, single output dc/dc converters
usq models performance/functional speci cations typical @ t a = +25c under nominal line voltage and full-load conditions, unless noted. (1) input input voltage range: d24 models 18-36 volts (24v nominal) d48 models 36-75 volts (48v nominal) overvoltage shutdown none (3) start-up threshold: (4) d24 models 15.5-18 volts (16.5v nominal) d48 models 28.5-36 volts (30v typical) undervoltage shutdown: (4) d24 models 14-16 volts (15.3v nominal) d48 models 27-29.5 volts (28.3v typical) input current: normal operating conditions see ordering guide inrush transient 0.05a 2 sec maximum standby mode: off, uv, thermal shutdown 4ma input re ected ripple current (5) 6map-p internal input filter type pi (0.01f - 1h - 3.3f) reverse-polarity protection (3) 1 minute duration, 5a maximum remote on/off control (pin 2): (6) positive logic ("p" suf? x models) on = open, open collector or 2.5-5v applied. i in = 150a max. off = pulled low to 0-0.8v i in = 800a max. negative logic ("n" suf? x models) on = pulled low to 0-0.8v i in = 800a max. off = open, open collector or 2.5-5v applied. i in = 150a max. output minimum loading no load maximum capacitive loading (7) 25,000f v out accuracy (full load): initial 1% maximum temperature coef? cient 0.02% per c extreme (8) 3% v out trim range (9) +10%, ?20% remote sense compensation (4) +10% ripple/noise (20mhz bw) see ordering guide line/load regulation see ordering guide ef ciency see ordering guide isolation voltage: input-to-output 1500vdc minimum input-to-case 1500vdc minimum output-to-case 1500vdc minimum isolation resistance 100m ? isolation capacitance 650pf current limit inception (90% v out ) (10) 50a typical short circuit: (4) current hiccup duration continuous overvoltage protection: (4) magnetic feedback 1.2v out 1.7 volts 1.5v out 2.2 volts 1.8v out 2.7 volts 2.5v out 3.8 volts dynamic characteristics dynamic load response (11) see dynamic load response under technical notes start-up time: (4) (12) v in to v out 5msec typical, 8msec maximum on/off to v out 5msec typical, 8msec maximum switching frequen cy (11) environmental calculated mtbf: (13) usq-1.2/40-d24 -d48 >2.5 million hours usq-1.5/40-d24 -d48 >2.5 million hours usq-1.8/40-d24 -d48 >2.5 million hours usq-2.5/40-d24 -d48 >2.5 million hours usq-3.3/35-d24 -d48 >2.5 million hours operating temperature (ambient): (4) (14) without derating model and air ? ow dependent with derating to +100c (baseplate) baseplate temperature: (4) (14) maximum allowable +100c thermal shutdown +115-122c, +118c typical. physical dimensions 1.45" x 2.28" x 0.40" (36.8 x 57.9 x 10.2mm) case material cast aluminum baseplate material aluminum shielding neither the aluminum case nor baseplate are connected to a package pin pin material brass, solder coated weight: 1.52 ounces (43 grams) primary-to-secondary insulation level basic 3 (1) all models are tested and speci? ed with external output capacitors (1f ceramic in parallel with 10f tantalum) and, unless otherwise noted. these converters have no minimum-load requirements and will effectively regulate under no-load conditions. (2) contact datel for input voltage ranges other than those listed. (3) see absolute maximum ratings for allowable input voltages. (4) see technical notes/performance curves for additional explanations and details. (5) input ripple current is tested/speci? ed over a 5-20mhz bandwidth with an external 33f input capacitor and a simulated source impedance of 220f and 12h. see i/o filtering, input ripple current and output noise for details. (6) the on/off control is designed to be driven with open-collector (or equivalent) logic or the application of appropriate voltages (referenced to ?input (pin 1). applying a voltage to the on/off control pin when no input voltage is applied to the converter can cause permanent damage. see remote on/off control for more details. (7) usq series dc/dc converters are unconditionally stable, including start-up and short-circuit- shutdown situations, with capacitive loads up to 25,000f. (8) extreme accuracy refers to the accuracy of either trimmed or untrimmed output voltages over all normal operating ranges and combinations of input voltage, output load and temperature. (9) see output trimming for detailed trim equations. (10) the current-limit inception point is the output current level at which the usq?s power-limiting circuitry drops the output voltage 10% from its initial value. see output current limiting and short-circuit protection for more details. (11) see dynamic load response under technical notes for detailed results including switching frequencies. datel has performed extensive evaluations of dynamic load response. the listed typical specs apply for 220f || 1f external output capacitors and are presented for quick comparison purposes. (12) for the start-up time speci? cations, output settling is de? ned by the output voltage having reached 1% of its ? nal value. (13) mtbf?s are calculated using telcordia sr-332 (bellcore) method 1 case 3, ground ? xed conditions, +40c ambient air, and full-load conditions. contact datel for demonstrated life- test data. (14) all models are fully operational and meet published speci? cations, including "cold start," at ?40c. 40a, single output dc/dc converters
usq series input source impedance usq converters must be driven from a low ac-impedance input source. the dc/dc?s performance and stability can be compromised by the use of highly inductive source impedances. the input circuit shown in figure 2 is a practical solution that can be used to minimize the effects of inductance in the input traces. for optimum performance, components should be mounted close to the dc/dc converter. i/o filtering, input ripple current, and output noise all models in the usq series are tested/speci? ed for input ripple current (also called input re? ected ripple current) and output noise using the circuits and layout shown in figures 2 and 3. external input capacitors (c in in figure 2) serve primarily as energy-storage elements. they should be selected for bulk capacitance (at appropriate frequencies), low esr, and high rms-ripple-current ratings. the switching nature of dc/dc converters requires that dc voltage sources have low ac impedance as highly inductive source impedance can affect system stability. in figure 2, c bus and l bus simulate a typical dc voltage bus. your speci? c system con? guration may necessitate additional considerations. in critical applications, output ripple/noise (also referred to as periodic and random deviations or pard) can be reduced below speci? ed limits using ? ltering techniques, the simplest of which is the installation of additional external output capacitors. output capacitors function as true ? lter elements and should be selected for bulk capacitance, low esr, and appropriate frequency response. in figure 3, the two copper strips simulate real-world figure 3. measuring output ripple/noise (pard) input overvoltage shutdown standard usq dc/dc converters do not feature overvoltage shutdown. they are equipped with this function, however. many of our customers need their devices to withstand brief input surges to 100v without shutting down. consequently, we disabled the function. please contact us if you would like it enabled, at any voltage, for your application. start-up threshold and undervoltage shutdown under normal start-up conditions, the usq series will not begin to regulate properly until the ramping input voltage exceeds the start-up threshold. once operating, devices will turn off when the applied voltage drops below the undervoltage shutdown point. devices will remain off as long as the undervoltage condition continues. units will automatically re-start when the applied voltage is brought back above the start-up threshold. the hyster- esis built into this function avoids an indeterminate on/off condition at a single input voltage. see performance/functional speci? cations table for actual limits. start-up time the v in to v out start-up time is the interval between the point at which a ramping input voltage crosses the start-up threshold voltage and the point at which the fully loaded output voltage enters and remains within it speci? ed 1% accuracy band. actual measured times will vary with input source impedance, external input capacitance, and the slew rate and ? nal value of the input voltage as it appears to the converter. the on/off to v out start-up time assumes the converter is turned off via the remote on/off control with the nominal input voltage already applied. the speci? cation de? nes the interval between the point at which the converter is turned on (released) and the point at which the fully loaded output voltage enters and remains within its speci? ed 1% accuracy band. figure 2. measuring input ripple current c in v in c bus l bus c in = 33f, esr < 700m ? @ 100khz c bus = 220f, esr < 100m ? @ 100khz l bus = 12h 3 1 +input ?input current probe to oscilloscope + ? c1 c1 = 1f ceramic c2 = 10f tantalum load 2-3 inches (51-76mm) from module c2 r load 7 8 copper strip 4 5 copper strip scope +output ?output +sense ?sense technical notes 4 absolute maximum ratings input voltage: continuous: 81 volts transient (100msec) 100 volts input reverse-polarity protection input current must be <5a. 1 minute duration. fusing recommended. output current current limited. devices can withstand an inde? nite output short circuit. on/off control (pin 2) max. voltages referenced to ?input (pin 1) ?0.3 to +5.2 volts storage temperature ?40 to +125c lead temperature (soldering, 10 sec.) +300c these are stress ratings. exposure of devices to any of these conditions may adversely affect long-term reliability. proper operation under conditions other than those listed in the performance/functional speci? cations table is not implied, nor recommended. pcb impedances between the power supply and its load. scope measure- ments s hould be made using bnc connectors or the probe ground should be less than ? inch and soldered directly to the ? xture. all external capacitors should have appropriate voltage ratings and be located as close to the converter as possible. temperature variations for all relevant parameters should be taken into consideration. the most effective combination of external i/o capacitors will be a function of line voltage and source impedance, as well as particular load and layout conditions. our applications engineers can recommend potential solutions and discuss the possibility of our modifying a given device?s internal ? ltering to meet your speci? c requirements. contact our applications engineering group for additional details. 40a, single output dc/dc converters
usq models on/off control the primary-side, remote on/off control function (pin 2) can be speci? ed to operate with either positive or negative polarity. positive-polarity devices ("p" suf? x) are enabled when pin 2 is left open or is pulled high (+2.5-5v applied with respect to ?input, pin 1, i in < 150a typical). positive-polarity devices are disabled when pin 2 is pulled low (0-0.8v with respect to ?input, i in < 800a. negative-polarity devices are off when pin 2 is high/open and on when pin 2 is pulled low. see figure 4. dynamic control of the remote on/off function is best accomplished with a mechanical relay or an open-collector/open-drain drive circuit (optically isolated if appropriate). the drive circuit should be able to sink appropriate current (see performance speci? cations) when activated and withstand appropriate voltage when deactivated. applying a voltage to pin 2 when no input power is applied or applying voltages >5.2 volts at any time can cause permanent damage to the converter. current limiting when power demands from either output fall within the current limit inception range for the rated output current, the dc/dc converter will go into a current limiting mode. in this condition both output voltages will decrease propor- tionately with increases in output current, thereby maintaining a somewhat constant power dissipation. this is commonly referred to as power limiting. current limit inception is de? ned as the point where the full-power output voltage falls below the speci? ed tolerance. if the load current being drawn from the converter is signi? cant enough, the unit will go into a short circuit condition. see ?short circuit condition.? short circuit condition when a converter is in current limit mode the output voltages will drop as the output current demand increases. if the output volt-age drops too low, the magnetically coupled voltage used to develop primary side voltages will also drop, thereby shutting down the pwm controller. following a time-out period of 5 to 15 milliseconds, the pwm will restart, causing the output voltages to begin ramping to their appropriate values. if the short-circuit condition persists, another shutdown cycle will be initiated. this on/off cycling is referred to as ?hiccup? mode. the hiccup cycling reduces the average output current, thereby preventing internal temperatures from rising to exces- sive levels. the usq is capable of enduring an inde? nite short circuit output condition. figure 4. driving the remote on/off control pin thermal shutdown usq converters are equipped with thermal-shutdown circuitry. if the internal temperature of the dc/dc converter rises above the designed operating tem- perature (see performance speci? cations), a precision temperature sensor will power down the unit. when the internal temperature decreases below the threshold of the temperature sensor, the unit will self start. output overvoltage protection the output voltage is monitored for an overvoltage condition via magnetic coupling to the primary side. if the output voltage rises to a fault condition, which could be damaging to the load circuitry (see performance speci? ca- tions), the sensing circuitry will power down the pwm controller causing the output voltage to decrease. following a time-out period the pwm will restart, causing the output voltage to ramp to its appropriate value. if the fault condition persists, and the output voltages again climb to excessive levels, the overvoltage circuitry will initiate another shutdown cycle. this on/off cycling is referred to as "hiccup" mode. input reverse-polarity protection if the input-voltage polarity is accidentally reversed, an internal diode will become forward biased and likely draw excessive current from the power source. if the source is not current limited (<5a) nor the circuit appropriately fused, it could cause permanent damage to the converter. input fusing certain applications and/or safety agencies may require the installation of fuses at the inputs of power conversion components. fuses should also be used if the possibility of a sustained, non-current-limited, input-voltage polar- ity reversal exists. for datel usq series dc/dcconverters, slow-blow fuses are recommended with values no greater than the following: v out range fuse value -d24 fuse value -d48 1.2v out models 3.5 amps 1.5 amps 1.5v out models 5 amps 2.5 amps 1.8v out models 6 amps 3 amps 2.5v out models 8 amps 4 amps 3.3v out models 10 amps 5 amps see performance speci? cations for input current and inrush transient limits. 2 1 3 200k +5v ref 200k +input equivalent circuit for positive and negative logic models control ?input on/off control 5 the on/off to v out start-up time assumes the converter is turned off via the remote on/off control with the nominal input voltage already applied. the speci? cation de? nes the interval between the point at which the converter is turned on (released) and the point at which the fully loaded output voltage enters and remains within its speci? ed 1% accuracy band. 40a, single output dc/dc converters
usq series load +output ?input +input on/off control trim +sense ?output ?sense 4 5 1 3 6 8 7 2 20k ? 5-22 turns load r trim down +output ?input +input on/off control trim +sense ?output ?sense 4 5 1 3 6 8 7 2 load r trim up +output ?input +input on/off control trim +sense ?output ?sense 4 5 1 3 6 8 7 2 trimming output voltage usq converters have a trim capability (pin 6) that enables users to adjust the output voltage from +10% to ?20% (refer to the trim equations and trim graphs that follow. adjustments to the output voltage can be accomplished via a trim pot (figure 7) or a single ? xed resistor as shown in figures 8 and 9. a single ? xed resistor can increase or decrease the output voltage depending on its connection. resistors should be located close to the converter and have tcr's less than 100ppm/c to minimize sensitivity to changes in temperature. if the trim function is not used, leave the trim pin open. a single resistor connected from the trim pin (pin 6) to the +sense (pin 7) will increase the output voltage. a resistor connected from the trim pin (pin 6) to the ?sense(pin 5) will decrease the output voltage. trim adjustments greater than the speci? ed +10%/?20% can have an adverse affect on the converter?s performance and are not recommended. excessive voltage differences between v out and sense, in conjunction with trim adjustment of the output voltage, can cause the overvoltage protection circuitry to activate (see performance speci? cations for overvoltage limits). temperature/power derating is based on maximum output current and volt- age at the converter's output pins. use of the trim and sense functions can cause output voltages to increase, thereby increasing output power beyond the usq's speci? ed rating, or cause output voltages to climb into the output overvoltage region. therefore: (v out at pins) x (i out ) rated output power the trim pin (pin 6) is a relatively high impedance node that can be suscep- tible to noise pickup when connected to long conductors in noisy environ- ments. in such cases, a 0.22f capacitor can be added to reduce this long lead effect. figure 5. trim connections using a trimpot figure 6. trim connections to increase output voltages using fixed resistors figure 7. trim connections to decrease output voltages using fixed resistors 6 012345678910 v out increase (%) resistance 1 x 10 6 1 x 10 5 1 x 10 4 1 x 10 3 figure 8. usq-1.2 trim-up resistance vs. % increase v out up v o C 1.5 r t (k ? ) = C10.2 6.23(v o C 1.226) 1.5 C v o r t (k ? ) = C10.2 7.64 down up v o C 1.8 r t (k ? ) = C10.2 7.44(v o C 1.226) 1.8 C v o r t (k ? ) = C10.2 9.12 down up v o C 2.5 r t (k ? ) = C10.2 10(v o C 1.226) 2.5 C v o r t (k ? ) = C10.2 12.26 down up v o C 3.3 r t (k ? ) = C10.2 13.3(v o C 1.226) 3.3 C v o r t (k ? ) = C10.2 16.31 down usq-1.5/40-d24 -d48 usq-1.8/40-d24 -d48 usq-2.5/40-d24 -d48 usq-3.3/35-d24 -d48 up v o C 1.2 r t (k ? ) = C1.413 1.308(v o C 0.793) 1.2 C v o r t (k ? ) = C1.413 1.037 down usq-1.2/40-d24 -d48 note: resistor values are in k ? . adjustment accuracy is subject to resistor tolerances and factory-adjusted output accuracy. v o = desired output voltage. trim-up resistance vs. percentage increase in output voltage 40a, single output dc/dc converters
usq models 012345678910 v out increase (%) resistance 1 x 10 7 1 x 10 6 1 x 10 5 1 x 10 3 1 x 10 4 figure 9. usq-1.5 trim-up resistance vs. % increase v out trim-up resistance vs. percentage increase in output voltage 012345678910 v out increase (%) resistance 1 x 10 7 1 x 10 6 1 x 10 5 1 x 10 4 012345678910 v out increase (%) resistance 1 x 10 7 1 x 10 6 1 x 10 5 1 x 10 4 figure 10. usq-1.8 trim-up resistance vs. % increase v out figure 11. usq-2.5 trim-up resistance vs. % increase v out 0 2 4 6 8 101214161820 v out decrease (%) resistance 1 x 10 6 1 x 10 5 1 x 10 4 1 x 10 3 figure 13. usq-1.2 trim-down resistance vs. % decrease v out 0 2 4 6 8 101214161820 v out decrease (%) resistance 1 x 10 7 1 x 10 6 1 x 10 5 1 x 10 4 figure 14. usq-1.5 to usq-3.3 trim-down resistance vs. % decrease v out trim-down resistance vs. percentage decrease in output voltage 7 012345678910 v out increase (%) resistance 1 x 10 7 1 x 10 6 1 x 10 5 1 x 10 4 figure 12. usq-3.3 trim-up resistance vs. % increase v out 40a, single output dc/dc converters
usq series load +output ?input sense current contact and pcb resistance losses due to ir drops contact and pcb resistance losses due to ir drops sense return +input on/off control trim +sense ?output ?sense 4 5 1 3 6 8 i out return i out 7 2 remote sense note: the sense and v out lines are not internally connected to each other. therefore, if the sense function is not used for remote regulation, the user must connect the +sense to +v out and ?sense to ?v out at the dc/dc converter pins. usq series converters employ a sense feature to provide point-of-use regu- lation, thereby overcoming moderate ir drops in pcb conductors or cabling. the remote sense lines carry very little current and therefore require a mini- mal cross-sectional area conductor. the sense lines, which are capacitively coupled to their respective output lines, are used by the feedback control-loop to regulate the output. as such, they are not low impedance points and must be treated with care in layouts and cabling. sense lines on a pcb should be run adjacent to dc signals, preferably ground. in cables and discrete wiring applications, twisted pair or other techniques should be implemented. usq dc/dc converters will compensate for drops between the output voltage at the dc/dc and the sense voltage at the dc/dc: [v out (+) ?v out (?)] ? [sense(+) ?sense (?)] 10% v out figure 15. remote sense circuit con guration 8 dynamic load response and switching frequency datel has performed extensive evaluations, under assorted capacitive-load conditions, of the dynamic-load capabilities (i.e., the transient or step response) of usq series dc/dc converters. in particular, we have evalu- ated devices using the output capacitive-load conditions we use for our routine production testing (10f tantalums in parallel with 1f ceramics), as well as the load conditions many of our competitors use (220f tantalums in parallel with 1f ceramics) when specifying the dynamic performance of their devices. output overvoltage protection is monitored at the output voltage pin, not the sense pin. therefore, excessive voltage differences between v out and sense, in conjunction with trim adjustment of the output voltage, can cause the overvoltage protection circuitry to activate (see performance speci? ca- tions for overvoltage limits). power derating is based on maximum output current and voltage at the converter?s output pins. use of trim and sense functions can cause output voltages to increase, thereby increasing output power beyond the usq?s speci? ed rating, or cause output voltages to climb into the output overvoltage region. therefore: (v out at pins) (i out ) rated output power to avoid the added cost of constantly changing test ? xtures, we have veri- ? ed, during our device characterization/veri? cation testing, that 100% testing under the former conditions (the 100f || 1f load), which we guarantee, correlates extremely well with the latter conditions, for which we and most of our competitors simply list typicals. if you have any questions about our test methods or would like us to perform additional testing under your speci? c load conditions, please contact our applications engineering group. floating outputs since these are isolated dc/dc converters, their outputs are "? oating" with respect to their input. designers will normally use the ?output (pin 4) as the ground/return of the load circuit. you can, however, use the +output (pin 8) as ground/return to effectively reverse the output polarity. load conditions ? performance speci cations 1.2v out 1.5v out 1.8v out 2.5v out 3.3v out load step = 50 to 75% of i out max): peak deviation typical 310mv 175mv 155mv 130mv 135mv settling time to 1% of final value, max. ? 185s 155s 120s 60s 60s c out = 10f || 1f load step = 75 to 50% of i out max.: peak deviation typical 310mv 175mv 155mv 100mv 135mv settling time to 1% of final value, max. ? 140s 100s 120s 55s 60s load step = 50 to 75% of i out max.: peak deviation typical 310mv 165mv 85mv 125mv 130mv settling time to 1% of final value, typ. ? 185s 150s 150s 55s 55s c out = 220f || 1f load step = 75 to 50% of i out max.: l 310mv 165mv 80mv 90mv 130mv settling time to 1% of final value, typ. ? 40s 95s 130s 50s 55s switching frequency (min./typ./max. khz) 120/150/180 120/150/180 120/150/180 230/250/280 120/150/180 ? the listed pair of parallel output capacitors consists of a tantalum in parallel with a multi-layer ceramic. ? ? i o / ? t = 1a/1s, v in = 48v, t c = 25c. 40a, single output dc/dc converters
usq models typical performance curves for 1.2v out models start-up from v in (v in = 48v, i out = 40a, c out = 10f tantalum || 1f ceramic.) 2msec/div 1v/div 20v/div 1.5v out (pin 8) +input (pin 3) start-up from remote on/off control (v in = 48v, i out = 40a, c out = 10f tantalum || 1f ceramic.) 2msec/div 1v/div 2v/div 1.5v out (pin 8) remote on/off control (pin 2) 9 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 usq-1.2/40-d48 efficiency vs. line voltage and load current 4 8 1216202428323640 load current (amps) efficiency ( % ) v in = 36v v in = 48v v in = 75v tbd tbd tbd tbd 40a, single output dc/dc converters
usq series typical performance curves for 1.5v out models 10 start-up from remote on/off control (v in = 48v, i out = 40a, c out = 10f tantalum || 1f ceramic.) 2msec/div 1v/div 2v/div 1.5v out (pin 8) remote on/off control (pin 2) start-up from v in (v in = 48v, i out = 40a, c out = 10f tantalum || 1f ceramic.) 2msec/div 1v/div 20v/div 1.5v out (pin 8) +input (pin 3) 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 usq-1.5/40-d48 efficiency vs. line voltage and load current load current (amps) efficiency ( % ) v in = 36v v in = 48v v in = 75v 4 8 1216202428323640 40a, single output dc/dc converters
usq models start-up from remote on/off control (v in = 48v, i out = 40a, c out = 10f tantalum || 1f ceramic.) 2msec/div 1v/div 2v/div 1.8v out (pin 8) remote on/off control (pin 2) start-up from v in (v in = 48v, i out = 40a, c out = 10f tantalum || 1f ceramic.) 2msec/div 1v/div 20v/div 1.8v out (pin 8) +input (pin 3) typical performance curves for 1.8v out models 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 usq-1.8/40-d48 efficiency vs. line voltage and load current load current (amps) efficiency ( % ) v in = 36v v in = 48v v in = 75v 4 8 1216202428323640 11 40a, single output dc/dc converters
usq series typical performance curves for 2.5v out models 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 usq-2.5/40-d48 efficiency vs. line voltage and load current load current (amps) efficiency ( % ) v in = 36v v in = 48v v in = 75v 4 8 121620242832364 0 start-up from remote on/off control (v in = 48v, i out = 40a, c out = 10f tantalum || 1f ceramic.) 2msec/div 1v/div 2v/div 2.5v out (pin 8) remote on/off control (pin 2) start-up from v in (v in = 48v, i out = 40a, c out = 10f tantalum || 1f ceramic.) 2msec/div 1v/div 20v/div 2.5v out (pin 8) +input (pin 3) 12 40a, single output dc/dc converters
usq models typical performance curves for 3.3v out models start-up from v in (v in = 48v, i out = 35a, c out = 10f tantalum || 1f ceramic.) 2msec/div 1v/div 20v/div 3.3v out (pin 8) +input (pin 3) start-up from remote on/off control (v in = 48v, i out = 35a, c out = 10f tantalum || 1f ceramic.) 2msec/div 1v/div 2v/div 3.3v out (pin 8) remote on/off control (pin 2) 95 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 usq-3.3/35-d48 efficiency vs. line voltage and load current 3.5 7 10.5 14 17.5 21 24.5 28 31.5 35 load current (amps) efficiency ( % ) v in = 36v v in = 48v v in = 75v 13 40a, single output dc/dc converters
datel makes no representation that the use of its products in the circuits described herein, or the use of other technical info rmation contained herein, will not infringe upon existing or future patent rights. the descriptions contained herein do not imply the granting of licenses to make, use, or sell equipment constructed in accordance therewith. speci? cations are s ubject to change without notice. the datel logo is a registered datel, inc. trademark. datel (uk) ltd. tadley, england tel: (01256)-880444 datel s.a.r.l. montigny le bretonneux, france tel: 01-34-60-01-01 datel gmbh mnchen, germany tel: 89-544334-0 datel kk tokyo, japan tel: 3-3779-1031, osaka tel: 6-6354-2025 datel, inc. 11 cabot boulevard, mans? eld, ma 02048-1151 tel: (508) 339-3000 (800) 233-2765 fax: (508) 339-6356 internet: www.datel.com email: sales@datel.com ds-0510 4/02 iso 9001 registered innovation and ex c ell e n c e ? ? 14 usq series 40a, single output dc/dc converters bottom view ?nput remote on/off +input +output +sense output trim ?ense ?utput figure 17. industry standard quarter-brick pinout figure 17 readily allows users to con? rm that datel quarter-brick dc/dc converters are compatible to the industry-standard pinout, independent of pin-numbering conventions. the typical derating curves on the previous pages were developed by moni- toring the temperature of the case with a thermocouple placed on top of the usq case as shown in figure 16. users desiring to model their own application's temperature derating for a particular environment (enclosed area, orientation, air? ow, possible heatsinking) should make sure the case temperature does not exceed 100c for any condition. top view loca te thermocouple here x +input remote on/off ? input ? output ? sense output t r im +sense +output figure 16.thermocouple placement for temperature derating calculations

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