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  preliminary w78c33b 8-bit microcontroller publication release date: june 1998 - 1 - revision a1 general description the w78c33b microcontroller supplies a wider frequency range than most 8-bit microcontrollers on the market. it is functional compatible with the industry standard 80c32 microcontroller series except the one extra 4-bit bit-addressable i/o port (port 4). the w78c33b contains four 8-bit bidirectional parallel ports, three 16-bit timer/counters, and a serial port. these peripherals are supported by a six-source, two-level interrupt capability. there are 256 bytes of ram, and the device supports romless operation for application programs. the w78c33b microcontroller has two power reduction modes, idle mode and power-down mode, both of which are software selectable. the idle mode turns off the processor clock but allows for continued peripheral operation. the power-down mode stops the crystal oscillator for minimum power consumption. the external clock can be stopped at any time and in any state without affecting the processor. features ? 8-bit cmos microcontroller ? fully static design ? low standby current at full supply voltage ? dc-40 mhz operation ? 256 bytes of on-chip scratchpad ram ? romless operation ? 64k bytes program memory address space ? 64k bytes data memory address space ? four 8-bit bidirectional ports ? one extra 4-bit bidirectional port ? three 16-bit timer/counters ? one full duplex serial port ? boolean processor ? six- source, two-level interrupt capability ? built-in power management ? packages: ? plcc 44: W78C33BP-24/40 ? qfp 44: w78c33bf-24/40 ? tqfp 44: w78c33bm-24/40
preliminary w78c33b - 2 - pin configurations 44-pin qfp/tqfp (w78c33bf/w78c33bm) 34 40 39 38 37 36 35 44 43 42 41 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 p0.4, ad4 p0.5, ad5 p0.6, ad6 p0.7, ad7 ea ale psen p2.7, a15 p2.6, a14 p2.5, a13 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 4 3 2 1 8 7 6 5 10 9 p1.5 p1.6 p1.7 rst rxd, p3.0 txd, p3.1 int0, p3.2 int1, p3.3 t0, p3.4 t1, p3.5 x t a l 1 v s s p 2 . 4 , a 1 2 p 2 . 3 , a 1 1 p 2 . 2 , a 1 0 p 2 . 1 , a 9 p 2 . 0 , a 8 x t a l 2 p 3 . 7 , / r d p 3 . 6 , / w r a d 3 , p 0 . 3 t 2 , p 1 . 0 p 1 . 2 v c c a d 2 , p 0 . 2 a d 1 , p 0 . 1 a d 0 , p 0 . 0 t 2 e x , p 1 . 1 p 1 . 3 p 1 . 4 p 4 . 0 p 4 . 2 p4.1 p4.3 44-pin plcc (W78C33BP) 40 2 1 44 43 42 41 6543 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 10 9 8 7 14 13 12 11 16 15 p1.5 p1.6 p1.7 rst rxd, p3.0 txd, p3.1 int0, p3.2 int1, p3.3 t0, p3.4 t1, p3.5 a d 3 , p 0 . 3 t 2 , p 1 . 0 p 1 . 2 v c c a d 2 , p 0 . 2 a d 1 , p 0 . 1 a d 0 , p 0 . 0 t 2 e x , p 1 . 1 p 1 . 3 p 1 . 4 x t a l 1 v s s p 2 . 4 , a 1 2 p 2 . 3 , a 1 1 p 2 . 2 , a 1 0 p 2 . 1 , a 9 p 2 . 0 , a 8 x t a l 2 p 3 . 7 , / r d p 3 . 6 , / w r p0.4, ad4 p0.5, ad5 p0.6, ad6 p0.7, ad7 ea ale psen p2.7, a15 p2.6, a14 p2.5, a13 p4.1 p 4 . 0 p4.3 p 4 . 2
preliminary w78c33b publication release date: june 1998 - 3 - revision a1 pin description p0.0 ? p0.7 port 0, bits 0 through 7. port 0 is a bi-directional i/o port. this port also provides a multiplexed low order address/data bus during accesses to external memory. p1.0 ? p1.7 port 1, bits 0 through 7. port 1 is a bi-directional i/o port with internal pull-ups. pins p1.0 and p1.1 also serve as t2 (timer 2 external input) and t2ex (timer 2 capture/reload trigger), respectively. p2.0 ? p2.7 port 2, bits 0 through 7. port 2 is a bi-directional i/o port with internal pull-ups. this port also provides the upper address bits for accesses to external memory. p3.0 ? p3.7 port 3, bits 0 through 7. port 3 is a bi-directional i/o port with internal pull-ups. all bits have alternate functions, which are described below: pin alternate function p3.0 rxd serial receive data p3.1 txd serial transmit data p3.2 int0 external interrupt 0 p3.3 int1 external interrupt 1 p3.4 t0 timer 0 input p3.5 t1 timer 1 input p3.6 wr data write strobe p3.7 rd data read strobe p4.0 ? p4.3 port 4, bits 0 through 3. port 4 is a bi-directional i/o port with internal pull-ups. ea external address input, active low. this pin forces the processor to execute out of external rom. this pin should be kept low for all w78c33b operations. rst reset input, active high. this pin resets the processor. it must be kept high for at least two machine cycles in order to be recognized by the processor.
preliminary w78c33b - 4 - ale address latch enable output, active high. ale is used to enable the address latch that separates the address from the data on port 0. ale runs at 1/6th of the oscillator frequency. a single ale pulse is skipped during external data memory accesses. ale goes to a high state during reset with a weak pull-up. psen program store enable output, active low. psen enables the external rom onto the port 0 address/data bus during fetch and movc operations. psen goes to a high state during reset with a weak pull-up. xtal1 crystal 1. this is the crystal oscillator input. this pin may be driven by an external clock. xtal2 crystal 2. this is the crystal oscillator output. it is the inversion of xtal1. v ss , v cc power supplies. these are the chip ground and positive supplies. block diagram p3.0 ~ p3.7 p1.0 ~ p1.7 alu port 0 latch port 1 latch timer 1 timer 0 timer 2 port 1 uart xtal1 psen ale gnd vcc rst xtal2 oscillator interrupt psw instruction decoder & sequencer reset block bus & clock controller sfr ram address power control 256 bytes ram & sfr stack pointer b addr. reg. incrementor pc dptr temp reg. t2 t1 acc port 3 latch port 4 latch port 3 port 2 latch p4.0 ~ p4.3 port 4 port 0 port 2 p2.0 ~ p2.7 p0.0 ~ p0.7
preliminary w78c33b publication release date: june 1998 - 5 - revision a1 functional description the w78c33b architecture consists of a core controller surrounded by various registers, five general purpose i/o ports, 256 bytes of ram, three timer/counters, and a serial port. the processor supports 111 different instruction and references both a 64k program address space and a 64k data storage space. timers 0, 1, and 2 timers 0, 1, and 2 each consist of two 8-bit data registers. these are called tl0 and th0 for timer 0, tl1 and th1 for timer 1, and tl2 and th2 for timer 2. the tcon and tmod registers provide control functions for timers 0, 1. the t2con register provides control functions for timer 2. rcap2h and rcap2l are used as reload/capture registers for timer 2. the operations of timer 0 and timer 1 are the same as in the w78c31. timer 2 is a special feature of the w78c33b: it is a 16-bit timer/counter that is configured and controlled by the t2con register. like timers 0 and 1, timer 2 can operate as either an external event counter or as an internal timer, depending on the setting of bit c/t2 in t2con. timer 2 has three operating modes: capture, auto- reload, and baud rate generator. the clock speed at capture or auto-reload mode is the same as that of timers 0 and 1. clock the w78c33b is designed to be used with either a crystal oscillator or an external clock. internally, the clock is divided by two before it is used. this makes the w78c33b relatively insensitive to duty cycle variations in the clock. crystal oscillator the w78c33b incorporates a built-in crystal oscillator. to make the oscillator work, a crystal must be connected across pins xtal1 and xtal2. in addition, a load capacitor must be connected from each pin to ground, and a resistor must also be connected from xtal1 to xtal2 to provide a dc bias when the crystal frequency is above 24 mhz. external clock an external clock should be connected to pin xtal1. pin xtal2 should be left unconnected. the xtal1 input is a cmos-type input, as required by the crystal oscillator. as a result, the external clock signal should have an input one level of greater than 3.5 volts. power management idle mode the idle mode is entered by setting the idl bit in the pcon register. in the idle mode, the internal clock to the processor is stopped. the peripherals and the interrupt logic continue to be clocked. the processor will exit idle mode when either an interrupt or a reset occurs. power-down mode when the pd bit of the pcon register is set, the processor enters the power-down mode. in this mode all of the clocks, including the oscillator are stopped. the only way to exit power-down mode is by a reset.
preliminary w78c33b - 6 - reset the external reset signal is sampled at s5p2. to take effect, it must be held high for at least two machine cycles while the oscillator is running. an internal trigger circuit in the reset line is used to deglitch the reset line when the w78c33b is used with an external rc network. the reset logic also has a special glitch removal circuit that ignores glitches on the reset line. during reset, the ports are initialized to ffh, the stack pointer to 07h, pcon (with the exception of bit 4) to 00h, and all of the other sfr registers except sbuf to 00h. sbuf is not reset. 2. port4 another bit-addressable port p4 is also available and only 4 bits (p4<3:0>) can be used. this port address is located at 0d8h with the same function as that of port p1. example: p4 reg 0d8h mov p4, #0ah ; output data "a" through p4.0 ? p4.3. mov a, p4 ; read p4 status to accumulator. setb p4.0 ; set bit p4.0 clr p4.1 ; clear bit p4.1 absolute maximum ratings parameter symbol min. max. unit dc power supply v cc ? v ss -0.3 +7.0 v input voltage v in v ss -0.3 v cc +0.3 v operating temperature t a 070 c storage temperature t st -55 +150 c note: exposure to conditions beyond those listed under absolute maximum ratings may adversely affect the life and reliability o f the device.
preliminary w78c33b publication release date: june 1998 - 7 - revision a1 dc characteristics (v dd -v ss = 5v 10%, t a = 25 c, fosc = 20 mhz, unless otherwise specified.) parameter sym. specification unit test conditions min. max. operating voltage v dd 4.5 5.5 v operating current i dd - 20 ma no load v dd = 5.5v idle current i idle - 6 ma idle mode v dd = 5.5v power down current i pwdn -50 a power-down mode v dd = 5.5v input current p1, p2, p3, p4 i in1 -50 +10 a v dd = 5.5v v in = 0v or v dd input current rst i in2 -10 +300 a v dd = 5.5v 0 < v in < v dd input leakage current p0, ea i lk -10 +10 a v dd = 5.5v 0v preliminary w78c33b - 8 - dc characteristics, continued parameter sym. specification unit test conditions min. max. output low voltage p0, ale, psen [*3] v ol2 - 0.45 v v dd = 4.5v i ol = +4ma sink current p1, p2, p3, p4 i sk1 48mav dd = 4.5v vs = 0.45v sink current p0, ale, psen i sk2 10 14 ma v dd = 4.5v vs = 0.45v output high voltage p1, p2, p3, p4 v oh1 2.4 - v v dd = 4.5v i oh = -100 a output high voltage p0, ale, psen [*3] v oh2 2.4 - v v dd = 4.5v i oh = -400 a source current p1, p2, p3, p4 i sr1 -120 -180 a v dd = 4.5v vs = 2.4v source current p0, ale, psen i sr2 -10 -14 ma v dd = 4.5v vs = 2.4v notes: *1. rst pin is a schmitt trigger input. rst has internal pull-low resistors of about 30 k ? . *3. p0, ale and /psen are tested in the external access mode. *4. xtal1 is a cmos input. *5. pins of p1, p2, p3, p4 can source a transition current when they are being externally driven from 1 to 0. the transition current reaches its maximum value when v in approximates to 2v. ac characteristics the ac specifications are a function of the particular process used to manufacture the part, the ratings of the i/o buffers, the capacitive load, and the internal routing capacitance. most of the specifications can be expressed in terms of multiple input clock periods (t cp ), and actual parts will usually experience less than a 20 ns variation. the numbers below represent the performance expected from a 1.2 micron cmos process when using 2 and 4 ma output buffers. clock input waveform t t xtal1 f ch cl op, t cp
preliminary w78c33b publication release date: june 1998 - 9 - revision a1 continued parameter symbol min. typ. max. unit notes operating speed f op 0 - 40 mhz 1 clock period t cp 25 - - ns 2 clock high t ch 10 - - ns 3 clock low t cl 10 - - ns 3 notes: 1. the clock may be stopped indefinitely in either state. 2. the t cp specification is used as a reference in other specifications. 3. there are no duty cycle requirements on the xtal1 input. program fetch cycle parameter symbol min. typ. max. unit notes address valid to ale low t aas 1 t cp - ? --ns4 address hold after ale low t aah 1 t cp - ? - - ns 1, 4 ale low to psen low t apl 1 t cp - ? 1tcp 1tcp+ ? ns 4 psen low to data valid t pda --2 t cp ns 2 data hold after psen high t pdh 0-1 t cp ns 3 data float after psen high t pdz 0-1 t cp ns ale pulse width t alw 2 t cp - ? 2 t cp -ns4 psen pulse width t psw 3 t cp - ? 3 t cp - ns4 notes: 1. p0.0 ? p0.7, p2.0 ? p2.7 remain stable throughout entire memory cycle. 2. memory access time is 3 t cp . 3. data have been latched internally prior to psen going high. 4. " ? " ( due to buffer driving delay and wire loading) is 20 ns. data read cycle parameter symbol min. typ. max. unit notes ale low to rd low t dar 3 t cp - ? - 3 t cp+ ? ns 1, 2 rd low to data valid t dda --4 t cp ns 1 data hold after rd high t ddh 0-2 t cp ns data float after rd high t ddz 0-2 t cp ns rd pulse width t drd 6 t cp - ? 6 t cp -ns2 notes: 1. data memory access time is 8 t cp . 2. " ? " (due to buffer driving delay and wire loading) is 20 ns.
preliminary w78c33b - 10 - data write cycle parameter symbol min. typ. max. unit ale low to wr low t daw 3 t cp - ? - 3 t cp+ ? ns data valid to wr low t dad 1 t cp - ? --ns data hold from wr high t dwd 1 t cp - ? --ns wr pulse width t dwr 6 t cp - ? 6 t cp -ns note: " ? " ( due to buffer driving delay and wire loading) is 20 ns. port access cycle parameter symbol min. typ. max. unit port input setup to ale low t pds 1 t cp --ns port input hold from ale low t pdh 0--ns port output to ale t pda 1 t cp --ns note: ports are read during s5p2, and output data becomes available at the end of s6p2. the timing data are referenced to ale, since it provides a convenient reference. timing waveforms program fetch cycle s1 xtal1 s2 s3 s4 s5 s6 s1 s2 s3 s4 s5 s6 ale port 2 a0-a7 a0-a7 data a0-a7 code t a0-a7 data code port 0 psen pdh, t pdz t pda t aah t aas t psw t apl t alw
preliminary w78c33b publication release date: june 1998 - 11 - revision a1 timing waveforms, continued data read cycle s2 s3 s5 s6 s1 s2 s3 s4 s5 s6 s1 s4 xtal1 ale psen data a8-a15 port 2 port 0 a0-a7 rd t ddh, t ddz t dda t drd t dar data write cycle s2 s3 s5 s6 s1 s2 s3 s4 s1 s5 s6 s4 xtal1 ale psen a8-a15 data out port 2 port 0 a0-a7 wr t t daw dad t dwr t dwd
preliminary w78c33b - 12 - timing waveforms, continued port access cycle xtal1 ale s5 s6 s1 data out t t port input t sample pda pdh pds
preliminary w78c33b publication release date: june 1998 - 13 - revision a1 typical application circuit using external program memory and crystal ad0 a0 a0 a0 10 a1 9 a2 8 a3 7 a4 6 a5 5 a6 4 a7 3 a8 25 a9 24 a10 21 a11 23 a12 2 a13 26 a14 27 a15 1 ce 20 oe 22 o0 11 o1 12 o2 13 o3 15 o4 16 o5 17 o6 18 o7 19 27512 ad0 d0 3 q0 2 d1 4 q1 5 d2 7 q2 6 d3 8 q3 9 d4 13 q4 12 d5 14 q5 15 d6 17 q6 16 d7 18 q7 19 oc 1 g 11 74ls373 ad0 ea 35 xtal1 21 xtal2 20 rst 10 int0 14 int1 15 t0 16 t1 17 p1.0 2 p1.1 3 p1.2 4 p1.3 5 p1.4 6 p1.5 7 p1.6 8 p1.7 9 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 19 wr p0.0 p0.1 p0.2 p0.3 p0.4 p0.5 p0.6 p0.7 p2.0 p2.1 p2.2 p2.3 p2.4 p2.5 p2.6 p2.7 rd 18 psen 32 ale 33 txd 13 rxd 11 W78C33BP 10 u 8.2 k v crystal c1 c2 r ad1 ad2 ad3 ad4 ad5 ad6 ad7 a8 ad1 ad2 ad3 ad4 ad5 ad6 ad7 gnd a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 a7 a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 a7 a8 a9 ad1 ad2 ad3 ad4 ad5 ad6 ad7 a10 a11 a12 a13 a14 a15 gnd a9 a10 a11 a12 a13 a14 a15 cc p4.0 p4.1 p4.2 p4.3 44-pin plcc 23 34 1 12 figure a crystal c1 c2 r 16 mhz 30p 30p - 24 mhz 15p 15p - 33 mhz 10p 10p 6.8k 40 mhz 5p 5p 6.8k above table shows the reference values for crystal applications. note: c1, c2, r components refer to figure a.
preliminary w78c33b - 14 - package dimensions 44-pin plcc 44 40 39 29 28 18 17 7 61 l c 1 b 2 a h d d e b e h e y a a 1 seating plane d g g e symbol min. nom. max. max. nom. min. dimension in inch dimension in mm a b c d e h e l y a a 1 2 e b 1 h d g g d e notes: on final visual inspection spec. 4. general appearance spec. should be based 3. controlling dimension: inches protrusion/intrusion. 2. dimension b1 does not include dambar flash. 1. dimension d & e do not include interlead 0.020 0.145 0.026 0.016 0.008 0.648 0.590 0.680 0.090 0.150 0.028 0.018 0.010 0.653 0.610 0.690 0.100 0.050 bsc 0.185 0.155 0.032 0.022 0.014 0.658 0.630 0.700 0.110 0.004 0.508 3.683 0.66 0.406 0.203 16.46 14.99 17.27 2.296 3.81 0.711 0.457 0.254 16.59 15.49 17.53 2.54 1.27 4.699 3.937 0.813 0.559 0.356 16.71 16.00 17.78 2.794 0.10 bsc 16.71 16.59 16.46 0.658 0.653 0.648 16.00 15.49 14.99 0.630 0.610 0.590 17.78 17.53 17.27 0.700 0.690 0.680 44-pin qfp seating plane 11 22 12 see detail f e b a y 1 a a l l 1 c e e h 1 d 44 h d 34 33 detail f 1. dimension d & e do not include interlead flash. 2. dimension b does not include dambar protrusion/intrusion. 3. controlling dimension: millimeter 4. general appearance spec. should be based on final visual inspection spec. 0.254 0.101 0.010 0.004 notes: symbol min. nom. max. max. nom. min. dimension in inch dimension in mm a b c d e h d h e l y a a l 1 1 2 e 0.006 0.152 --- 0.002 0.075 0.01 0.081 0.014 0.087 0.018 1.90 0.25 0.05 2.05 0.35 2.20 0.45 0.390 0.025 0.063 0.003 0 7 0.394 0.031 0.398 0.037 9.9 0.80 0.65 1.6 10.00 0.8 10.1 0.95 0.398 0.394 0.390 0.530 0.520 0.510 13.45 13.2 12.95 10.1 10.00 9.9 7 0 0.08 0.031 0.01 0.02 0.25 0.5 --- --- --- --- --- 2 0.025 0.036 0.635 0.952 0.530 0.520 0.510 13.45 13.2 12.95 0.051 0.075 1.295 1.905
preliminary w78c33b publication release date: june 1998 - 15 - revision a1 headquarters no. 4, creation rd. iii, science-based industrial park, hsinchu, taiwan tel: 886-3-5770066 fax: 886-3-5792766 http://www.winbond.com.tw/ voice & fax-on-demand: 886-2-27197006 taipei office 11f, no. 115, sec. 3, min-sheng east rd., taipei, taiwan tel: 886-2-27190505 fax: 886-2-27197502 winbond electronics (h.k.) ltd. rm. 803, world trade square, tower ii, 123 hoi bun rd., kwun tong, kowloon, hong kong tel: 852-27513100 fax: 852-27552064 winbond electronics north america corp. winbond memory lab. winbond microelectronics corp. winbond systems lab. 2727 n. first street, san jose, ca 95134, u.s.a. tel: 408-9436666 fax: 408-5441798 note: all data and specifications are subject to change without notice.


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