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HT3494 multi-function keyboard instrument features operating voltage: 3.3v~5.1v on-chip crystal oscillator: 3.58mhz 49-key instrument and compass range from c2~c6 15 outputs for key scanning 8 inputs for key scanning 32 percussion/voice space for rhythm pro- gramming 100 timbers 100 rhythms 5 percussions/voices 10 melodies 8-bit d/a audio outputs 4 percussion/voice channels output 8 melody channels output tempo adjustable memory function with 26 notes recordable auto-bass-chord function transpose function 5-chord effect vibrato function sustain effect fill-in effect chord with single or multi-keys pressed chord with a key synchronously pressed 2 seven-segment leds to display operation status indicator for chord operation 40 dip enclosed general description the HT3494 is a cmos vlsi designed for mu- sical instruments, especially 49-key multi-func- tion instruments. the HT3494 is built-in with a controller and an ets (electrical tone synthe- sizer). the HT3494 provides built-in melodies, rhythms, timbers and percussion/voice outputs. the status of operating system is displayed through 2 seven-segment leds. the HT3494 also provides an auto-bass-chord function, memory function as well as program- mable rhythm in addition to basic playing func- tions. 1 15 aug 96 free datasheet http:///
pin assignment pad assignment block diagram chip size: 3920 3730 ( m m) 2 * the ic substrate should be connected to vss in the pcb layout artwork. HT3494 2 15 aug 96 free datasheet http:///
pad coordinates unit: m m pad no. x y pad no. x y 1 C1679.00 1649.45 22 1781.30 C1323.25 2 C1781.30 1335.25 23 1781.30 C1098.45 3 C1781.30 1054.45 24 1781.30 C827.65 4 C1781.30 779.85 25 1781.30 C602.85 5 C1781.30 499.05 26 1781.30 C332.05 6 C1781.30 224.45 27 1781.30 C107.25 7 C1781.30 C56.35 28 1781.30 163.55 8 C1781.30 C330.95 29 1781.30 388.35 9 C1754.90 C1333.75 30 1777.80 633.55 10 C1767.90 C1625.55 31 1742.70 1654.45 11 C1414.90 C1647.50 32 1419.50 1654.45 12 C1190.10 C1647.45 33 834.10 1654.45 13 C919.30 C1647.45 34 542.60 1649.45 14 C694.50 C1647.45 35 268.00 1649.45 15 C423.70 C1647.45 36 C12.80 1649.45 16 C198.90 C1647.45 37 C287.40 1649.45 17 71.90 C1647.45 38 C568.20 1649.45 18 296.70 C1647.45 39 C842.80 1649.45 19 564.80 C1638.55 40 C1123.60 1649.45 20 1069.80 C1699.45 41 C1398.20 1649.45 21 1640.10 C1650.05 pin description pin no. pin name i/o internal connection description 38~40, 1~5 c8~c15 o cmos keyboard scanning outputs these pins are also used to drive 7-segment led display. the led display segments: b, dot, a, c, f , d, g and e are driven by c8~c15 individually. 6 cled o cmos chord indication output this pin directly drives an led for applications. 7~13 c1~c7 o cmos keyboard scanning outputs c6 and c7 are used as common pins to generate a scanning drive signal for 7-segment led display. c6 drives the left digit and c7 the right digit of 7-segment display (see the application circuit). 14 rest i cmos system reset input, active low connect this pin to vdd (or pull-high) for normal applications. HT3494 3 15 aug 96 free datasheet http:///
pin no. pin name i/o internal connection description 15~22 r0~r7 i cmos pull-high keyboard scanning inputs 23 vss i power supply (negative) 24, 25 x1, x2 i,o oscillator input/output x1 and x2 are connected to a 3.58mhz crystal for an internal system clock. 26~33 test0~test7 i/o cmos for ic test only 34 vdd i power supply (positive) 35 pvo o pmos percussion or voice signal output the output of this pin is of a current type d/a. a power amplifier is driven for applications. 36, 37 auo2, auo1 o pmos audio signal outputs the output of this pin is of a current type d/a. a power amplifier is driven for applications. approximate internal connection circuits absolute maximum ratings supply voltage ..............................C0.3v to 5.5v storage temperature................. C50 c to 125 c input voltage................. v ss C0.3v to v dd +0.3v operating temperature................... 0 c to 70 c HT3494 4 15 aug 96 free datasheet http:///
electrical characteristics (ta=25 c) symbol parameter test condition min. typ. max. unit v dd condition v dd operating voltage 3.3 4.5 5.1 v i dd operating current 4.5v no load, f osc =3.58mhz 3.5 7.0 ma i auo max. output current (for auo1, auo2 pin) 4.5 v oh =0.6v C540 C900 m a i pvo max. output current (for pvo pin) 4.5v v oh =0.6v C540 C900 m a i ol output sink current (for c1~c15, cled) 4.5v v ol =0.45v 3.4 5.6 ma i oh output source current (for c1~c15, cled) 4.5v v oh =4.05v C2.7 C4.6 ma i il input current (for r0~r7) 4.5v v il =0v 80 130 325 m a f osc system frequency 4.5v 3.58mhz crystal oscillator 3.58mhz functional description the functions of the HT3494 are described in the following: initial status when power is initially supplied, the system starts operating. the beginning status of the system is illustrated below: no tone or percussion/voice is stored normal play mode timber is number 0 (piano 1) rhythm is number 0 (rhumba 1) chord off first chord (cho1) is ready for playing percussion sound is ready for playing no transposition tempo is 120 bpm accompaniment is level 2 (C3db, display 02) vibrato off sustain disable HT3494 5 15 aug 96 free datasheet http:///
matrix control key position r0 r1 r2 r3 r4 r5 r6 r7 c1 tim/rhm + 0 1 2 3 4 5 c2 6 7 8 9 C fill-in sync single c3 finger off chord start/stop percu/voice pv1 pv2 pv3 pv4 c4 pv5 null/play prog cho1 cho2 cho3 cho4 demo c5 rec play sustain c6 c7 c8 c9 k1 k2 k3 k4 k5 k6 k7 k8 c10 k9 k10 k11 k12 k13 k14 k15 k16 c11 k17 k18 k19 k20 k21 k22 k23 k24 c12 k25 k26 k27 k28 k29 k30 k31 k32 c13 k33 k34 k35 k36 k37 k38 k39 k40 c14 k41 k42 k43 k44 k45 k46 k47 k48 c15 k49 tran+ tranC tmpo+ tmpoC acc+ accC vibrato keys functions k1~k49 key tone, compass range: c2~c6 tim/rhm timber or rhythm selection input +,C select the next (+)/last (C) timber or rhythm. 0~9 press a digital key to select an assignment timber, rhythm or demo song for operation. fill-in fill-in effect addition sync chord synchronizes with the pressed key. single single-fingering chord. press a key to induce the chord. finger multi-fingering chord. press 3 keys to induce the chord. off chord disable the chord effect start/stop rhythm starts playing or stops. percu/voice percussion or animals sound selection input null/play play null tone (in rhythm programming) or the users rhythm prog users rhythm programming cho1~cho4 4 built-in chord selection inputs HT3494 6 15 aug 96 free datasheet http:///
keys functions demo enter the demo mode and play the melodies in sequence. pv1~pv5 5 built-in percussion or voice (animal) sounds pv1: bass drum/dog pv2: snare drum/duck pv3: hit hat open/pig pv4: hit hat close/bird pv5: cymbal/frog rec record the tones from the pressed keys play play the stored tones sustain sustain effect enable/disable input tran+,tranC transpose function tran+: transpose a chromatic-scale upper tranC: transpose a chromatic-scale under tmpo+, tmpoC tempo adjustment tmpo+: tempo increases. tmpoC: tempo decreases. acc+,accC accompaniment volume adjustment acc+: accompaniment volume increases. accC: accompaniment volume decreases. vibrato vibrato effect enable/disable input key tone there are 49 keys to be played. the compass range is from c2 to c6 (piano 1). timber/rhythm selection input tim/rhm is used to switch the selection mode between timber and rhythm. that is to say, pressing the tim/rhm key switches the mode from timber to rhythm or vice versa. after that, the exact type of timber/rhythm can be selected by pressing the corresponding digital key (0~9), or by pressing the + or C keys to select the next or previous type of timber/rhythm, respectively. in the play mode, the currently displayed number indicates which type of timber or rhythm is selected. the dot position displays the selection of timber or rhythm. the chosen rhythm starts playing or the playing rhythm is stopped by pressing the start/stop key. when the rhythm is playing, the left or right dot will take turn to be lit with a variation of tempo speed. HT3494 7 15 aug 96 free datasheet http:///
the following two tables illustrate 100 types of timber as well as of rhythm. no. timber no. timber no. timber 00 piano 1 34 synth piano 3 68 space 5 01 piano 2 35 synth piano 4 69 space 6 02 piano 3 36 synth organ 1 70 space 7 03 piano 4 37 synth organ 2 71 space 8 04 piano 5 38 synth organ 3 72 aero string 1 05 piano 6 39 synth organ 4 73 aero string 2 06 piano 7 40 synth flute 74 aero string 3 07 piano 8 41 synth trumpet 75 aero string 4 08 organ 1 42 synth saxophone 76 aero string 5 09 organ 2 43 synth brass 1 77 aero string 6 10 organ 3 44 synth brass 2 78 aero string 7 11 organ 4 45 synth brass 3 79 aero string 8 12 flute 46 synth brass 4 80 piano organ 1 13 trumpet 47 synth brass 5 81 piano organ 2 14 saxophone 48 string 1 82 piano organ 3 15 brass 49 string 2 83 piano organ 4 16 violin 1 50 string 3 84 piano violin 1 17 violin 2 51 string 4 85 piano violin 2 18 violin 3 52 string 5 86 piano violin 3 19 violin 4 53 string 6 87 piano violin 4 20 harp 54 string 7 88 aero piano 1 21 mandolin 55 string 8 89 aero piano 2 22 marimba 56 synth harp 90 aero piano 3 23 xylophone 57 synth mandolin 91 aero piano 4 24 pad 1 58 synth marimba 92 aero piano 5 25 pad 2 59 synth xylophone 93 aero piano 6 26 pad 3 60 electronic harp 94 aero piano 7 27 pad 4 61 electronic mandolin 95 aero piano 8 28 pad 5 62 electronic marimba 96 space harp 29 pad 6 63 electronic xylophone 97 space mandolin 30 pad 7 64 space 1 98 space marimba 31 pad 8 65 space 2 99 space xylophone 32 synth piano 1 66 space 3 33 synth piano 2 67 space 4 HT3494 8 15 aug 96 free datasheet http:///
no. rhythm no. rhythm no. rhythm 00 rhumba 1 34 bosanova 3 68 rock & roll 5 01 rhumba 2 35 bosanova 4 69 rock & roll 6 02 rhumba 3 36 bosanova 5 70 rock & roll 7 03 rhumba 4 37 bosanova 6 71 rock & roll 8 04 rhumba 5 38 bosanova 7 72 swing 1 05 rhumba 6 39 bosanova 8 73 swing 2 06 rhumba 7 40 march 1 74 swing 3 07 rhumba 8 41 march 2 75 swing 4 08 pops 1 42 march 3 76 swing 5 09 pops 2 43 march 4 77 swing 6 10 pops 3 44 march 5 78 swing 7 11 pops 4 45 march 6 79 swing 8 12 pops 5 46 march 7 80 latin 1 13 pops 6 47 march 8 81 latin 2 14 pops 7 48 16 beat 1 82 latin 3 15 pops 8 49 16 beat 2 83 latin 4 16 disco 1 50 16 beat 3 84 latin 5 17 disco 2 51 16 beat 4 85 latin 6 18 disco 3 52 16 beat 5 86 latin 7 19 disco 4 53 16 beat 6 87 latin 8 20 disco 5 54 16 beat 7 88 waltz 1 21 disco 6 55 16 beat 8 89 waltz 2 22 disco 7 56 country 1 90 waltz 3 23 disco 8 57 country 2 91 waltz 4 24 polka 1 58 country 3 92 waltz 5 25 polka 2 59 country 4 93 waltz 6 26 polka 3 60 country 5 94 waltz 7 27 polka 4 61 country 6 95 waltz 8 28 polka 5 62 country 7 96 slow waltz 1 29 polka 6 63 country 8 97 slow waltz 2 30 polka 7 64 rock & roll 1 98 slow waltz 3 31 polka 8 65 rock & roll 2 99 slow waltz 4 32 bosanova 1 66 rock & roll 3 33 bosanova 2 67 rock & roll 4 HT3494 9 15 aug 96 free datasheet http:///
5 percussions/voices key percussion voice pv1 bass drum dog pv2 snare drum duck pv3 hit hat open pig pv4 hit hat close bird pv5 cymbal frog pv1~pv5 represent 5 percussion/voice sounds individually. the power-on initial status is the percussion sound. press the percu/voice key to toggle select the percussion or voice sound for playing. the selected rhythm starts playing or the playing rhythm is stopped by pressing the start/stop key. rhythm programmable is displayed on the led after the prog key is pressed. at this time, the system accepts any percussion/voice key (pv1~pv5) or null/play key (no voices) the user presses, and saves it in the memory. the total amount of recordable tones is 32 notes, and can be recorded with a combination of percussion and voice. once the memory is full, the led display resumes at the status before programming. pressing the prog key allows the user to program his/her rhythms, or to quit the programming mode. note that the null/play key stands for a null tone in rhythm programming. in other words, pressing the null/play key starts playing the user-programmed rhythm repeatedly in the normal situation. (the included 32 tones will all be played no matter whether or not the memories of the 32 tones are all used.) to terminate the users rhythm playing, press the start/stop key. transpose the transpose function (tran+, tranC keys) makes it possible to shift the pitch of the HT3494 up (maximal display value is 09 ) or down (minimal display value is C3 ) in semitone intervals up to a maximum of 12 semitones (an octave). compass a4 g#4 g4 f#4 f4 e4 d#4 d4 c#4 c4 b3 a#3 a3 display value 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00 C1 C2 C3 the above table demonstrates an example of the transpose function. the display value 00 means the current compass. if the user presses the tran+ key continuously, with 07 shown on the display, the compass of c4 changes to g4. when tran+ and tranC are simulataneously pressed, the value of transpose is reset to original compass. it is useful to transpose the pitch and makes it easier to play in a difficult key signature. the user can then easily match the pitch of the key with the range of a singer or other instrumentalists. HT3494 10 15 aug 96 free datasheet http:///
demo song melody name rhythm timber tempo (bpm) d0 merry widow waltz waltz 1 violin 1 152 d1 have yourself a merry little christmas disco 1 piano 1 120 d2 twinkle twinkle little star pops 1 synth xylophone 104 d3 rudolph the red-nosed reindeer polka 5 harp 152 d4 air on the g-string country 1 synth organ 1 88 d5 if you are happy latin 1 synth piano 2 120 d6 young girl with brown hair waltz 1 organ 1 88 d7 the christmas song pops 1 synth piano 1 104 d8 oh! susannah march 1 electronic mandolin 96 d9 waltzing doll waltz 1 xylophone 136 display value real tempo (bpm) display value real tempo (bpm) display value real tempo (bpm) 10 40 32 128 54 216 12 48 34 136 56 224 14 56 36 144 58 232 16 64 38 152 60 240 18 72 40 160 62 248 20 80 42 168 64 256 22 88 44 176 66 264 24 96 46 184 68 272 26 104 48 192 70 280 28 112 50 200 30 120 52 208 after the demo key is pressed, the led dis- plays , and the first melody starts playing. to change melody playing, press any digital key corresponding to one of the 10 melo- dies at any time. the system will stop playing and quit the demo mode if the 10 melodies are all played but no key is pressed. if the demo key is pressed in the process of playing, the system will quit the demo mode, and goes back to the normal playing mode. the tempo, accompaniment and timber can be changed or transposed at any time in the proc- ess of melody playing. notice to change the timber, presses + or C key. tempos there are 31 speeds to be selected, namely 40~280 bpm (beat per minute), and the normal speed is 120bpm. pressing the tmpo+ key increases the speed whereas pressing the tmpoC reduces it until the maximum or minimum speed value is reached. when tmpo+ and tmpoC are simultaneously pressed, the value of tempo is reset to 120 bpm. if the tempo is adjusted by tmpo+ and tmpoC, the led will display the tempo currently set. HT3494 11 15 aug 96 free datasheet http:///
sustain the enable/disable status of sustain effect is toggle controlled by the sustain key. the suste- nance will be extended after the sustain effect is enabled. record and playback after the rec key is pressed, the led displays . at this time, k1~k49 can be pressed to record tones of up to 26 notes. to terminate recording, press the rec key again. the tones will be not stored if the keys are pressed after 26th. once the memory is full, the system will automatically quit the record mode. the tones previously stored in the memory will be cleared after the rec key is pressed. then, the system accepts the users key input. after the play key is pressed (the led displays ), the tones stored in the memory start playing. to quit the playback mode, re- press the play key. accompaniment volume control the accompaniment volume can be controlled by pressing acc+ or accC. four levels (level 0~level 3) are provided for volume adjustment, and the default volume is level 2. display value accompaniment 03 0db 02 C3db 01 C6db 00 C9db the accompaniment volume level currently ad- justed can be seen on the led. when acc+ and acc- are simultaneously pressed, the volume of accompaniment is reset to C3db. vibrato press the vibrato key to toggle switch the vi- brato effect on or off. variation of the frequency modulation is 6.2hz. chord and auto-bass-chord k1~k19 decide the chord type. that is to say, when the chord is enabled, keys from k1 to k19 are used for the chord and keys from k20 to k49 are available for tone playing (the compass range is from g3 to c6). the single key is used to decide the chord type by pressing a key among k1 to k19. the finger key means the multi-key chord; that is to say, 3 keys at least have to be pressed to decide a chord. to play the chord, first press the single or finger key, and then the chord indication (an led) is lit. press the sync key to synchronize the pressed key. finally, press a key among k1~k19 to start playing the chord. at this time, the system enters the auto-bass-chord mode; i.e., the chord will repeat playing unless the user changes the chord by pressing a key among k1~k19. when the chord is playing, cho1~cho4 may be pressed, making the playing chord a little dif- ferent and change the chord timber. disable the chord by pressing off chord and stop the rhythm by pressing the start/stop key. fill-in key press the fill-in key to add a fill-in sound to the playing rhythm. HT3494 12 15 aug 96 free datasheet http:///
application circuits main circuit 1 (common anode 7-segment led display) tran+ tran - tmpo+ tmpo - acc+ acc - vibrato 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 7 8 9 10 11 c8 c15 c14 c13 c12 c11 c10 c9 38 5 4 3 2 1 40 39 k1 k2 k3 k4 k5 k6 k7 k8 k9 k10 k11 k12 k13 k14 k15 k16 k17 k18 k19 k20 c1 c2 c3 c4 c5 c7 c6 13 12 vdd cled auo1 auo2 pvo x1 x2 rest vss 3.58mhz 34 6 37 36 35 vdd output amplifier HT3494 104 vdd 51k w common anode 7-segment led 1.5k w 10k w x 8 1.5k w 75 w 470 m f 22 w r7 r6 r5 r4 r3 r2 r1 r0 k21 k22 k23 k24 k25 k26 k27 k28 k29 k30 k31 k32 k33 k34 k35 k36 k37 k38 k39 k40 k41 k42 k43 k44 k45 k46 k47 k48 k49 pv1 pv2 pv3 pv4 pv5 null/play prog cho1 cho2 cho3 cho4 demo rec play sustain tim/rhm + 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 - fill-in sync single finger off chord start/stop percu/voice 24 25 14 23 HT3494 13 15 aug 96 free datasheet http:///
main circuit 2 (common cathode 7-segment led display) HT3494 14 15 aug 96 free datasheet http:///
main circuit 3 (common cathode 7-segment led display) tim/rhm + 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 - fill-in sync single finger off chord start/stop percu/voice tran+ tran - tmpo+ tmpo - acc+ acc - vibrato 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 7 8 9 10 11 c8 c15 c14 c13 c12 c11 c10 c9 38 5 4 3 2 1 40 39 k1 k2 k3 k4 k5 k6 k7 k8 k9 k10 k11 k12 k13 k14 k15 k16 k17 k18 k19 k20 r7 r6 r5 r4 r3 r2 r1 r0 c1 c2 c3 c4 c5 c7 c6 13 12 vdd cled auo1 auo2 pvo x1 x2 rest vss 3.58mhz 34 6 37 36 35 24 25 14 23 vdd output amplifier HT3494 104 vdd 51k w 75 w common cathod 7-segment led 1.5k w 1.5k w k21 k22 k23 k24 k25 k26 k27 k28 k29 k30 k31 k32 k33 k34 k35 k36 k37 k38 k39 k40 k41 k42 k43 k44 k45 k46 k47 k48 k49 pv1 pv2 pv3 pv4 pv5 null/play prog cho1 cho2 cho3 cho4 demo rec play sustain HT3494 15 15 aug 96 free datasheet http:///
output amplifier circuit * note: in the pcb layout artwork, the power line (vss) first connects to the speaker, and then to 22 w , lm386s pin4, 10k w vr, 0.02 m f and 0.047 m f. in this case, the amplifier will have better immunity from power noise. HT3494 16 15 aug 96 free datasheet http:///

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