document number: 83628 for technical questions, contact: optocoupleranswe rs@vishay.com www.vishay.com rev. 1.8, 20-oct-10 1 optocoupler, phototriac output, zero crossing, very low input current il4116, il4117, il4118 vishay semiconductors description the il4116, il4117, and il4118 consists of an algaas irled optically coupled to a photosen sitive zero crossing triac network. the triac consists of two inverse parallel connected monolithic scrs. these three semiconductors devices are assembled in a six pin 300 mil dual in-line package. high input sensitivity is achieve d by using an emitter follower phototransistor and a cascaded scr predriver resulting in an led trigger current of less than 1.3 ma (dc). the il4116, il4117, il4118 uses zero cross line voltage detection circuit witch consists of two enhancement mosfets and a photodiode. the inhibit voltage of the network is determined by the enhancement voltage of the n-channel fet. the p-channel fet is enabled by a photocurrent source that permits the fet to conduct the main voltage to gate on the n-channel fet. once the main voltage can enable the n-channel, it clamps the base of the phototra nsistor, disabling the first stage scr predriver. the blocking voltage of up to 800 v permits control of off-line voltages up to 240 v ac , with a safety factor of more than two, and is sufficient for as much as 380 v ac . current handling capability is up to 300 ma rms continuous at 25 c. the il4116, il4117, il4118 isol ates low-voltage logic from 120 v ac , 240 v ac , and 380 v ac lines to control resistive, inductive, or capacitive loads including motors, solenoids, high current thyristors or triac and relays. applications include solid-state re lays, industrial controls, office equipment, and consumer appliances. features ? high input sensitivity: i ft = 1.3 ma, pf = 1.0; i ft = 3.5 ma, typical pf < 1.0 ? zero voltage crossing ? 600 v, 700 v, and 800 v blocking voltage ? 300 ma on-state current ? high dv/dt 10 000 v/s ? isolation test voltage 5300 v rms ? very low leakage < 10 a ? compliant to rohs directive 2002/95/ec and in accordance to weee 2002/96/ec applications ? solid state relay ? lighting controls ? temperature controls ? solenoid/valte controls ? ac motor drives/starters agency approvals ? ul1577, file no. e52744 system code h or j, double protection ? csa 93751 ? bsi iec60950; iec60065 ? din en 60747-5-5 (vde 0884) available with option 1 ?fimko note (1) also available in tubes, do not put t on the end. i179030_4 1 2 3 6 5 4 mt2 mt1 nc a c nc *zero crossing circuit zcc* v de 21842-1 ordering information i l411#-x0##t part number package option tape and reel agency certified/package blocking voltage v drm (v) ul, cul, bsi, fimko 600 700 800 dip-6 il4116 il4117 il4118 dip-6, 400 mil, option 6 il4116-x006 - il4118-x006 smd-6, option 7 il4116-x007t (1) il4117-x007 il4118-x007t (1) smd-6, option 9 il4116-x009t (1) - il4118-x009t (1) vde, ul, cul, bsi, fimko 600 700 800 dip-6 il4116-x001 il4117-x001 il4118-x001 dip-6, 400 mil, option 6 il4116-x016 - il4118-x016 smd-6, option 7 - - IL4118-X017 smd-6, option 9 il4116-x019t (1) -- > 0.1 mm 10.16 mm > 0.7 mm 7.62 mm dip option 7 option 6 option 9
www.vishay.com for technical questions, contact: optocoupleranswe rs@vishay.com document number: 83628 2 rev. 1.8, 20-oct-10 il4116, il4117, il4118 vishay semiconductors optocoupler, phototriac output, zero crossing, very low input current notes (1) stresses in excess of the absolute maximum ratings can cause pe rmanent damage to the device. functional operation of the device is not implied at these or any other conditions in excess of those given in the operational sections of this document. exposure to abs olute maximum ratings for e xtended periods of the time ca n adversely affect reliability. (2) refer to reflow profile for soldering conditions for surface mounted devices (smd). refer to wave profile for soldering condit ions for through hole devices (dip). absolute maximum ratings (1) (t amb = 25 c, unless otherwise specified) parameter test condition part symbol value unit input reverse voltage v r 6v forward current i f 60 ma surge current i fsm 2.5 a power dissipation p diss 100 mw derate linearly from 25 c 1.33 mw/c thermal resistance r th 750 c/w output peak off-state voltage il4116 v drm 600 v il4117 v drm 700 v il4118 v drm 800 v rms on-state current i drm 300 ma single cycle surge 3a power dissipation p diss 500 mw derate linearly from 25 c 6.6 mw/c thermal resistance r th 150 c/w coupler creepage distance 7mm clearance distance 7mm storage temperature t stg - 55 to + 150 c operating temperature t amb - 55 to + 100 c isolation test voltage v iso 5300 v rms isolation resistance v io = 500 v, t amb = 25 c r io 10 12 v io = 500 v, t amb = 100 c r io 10 11 lead soldering temperature (2) 5 s t sld 260 c
document number: 83628 for technical questions, contact: optocoupleranswe rs@vishay.com www.vishay.com rev. 1.8, 20-oct-10 3 il4116, il4117, il4118 optocoupler, phototriac output, zero crossing, very low input current vishay semiconductors note ? minimum and maximum values are testing requirements. typical values are characteristics of the device and are the result of en gineering evaluation. typical values are for information only and are not part of the testing requirements. electrical characteristics (t amb = 25 c, unless otherwise specified) parameter test condition part symbol min. typ. max. unit input forward voltage i f = 20 ma v f 1.3 1.5 v breakdown voltage i r = 10 a v br 630 v reverse current v r = 6 v i r 0.1 10 a capacitance v f = 0 v, f = 1 mhz c o 40 pf thermal resistance, junction to lead r thji 750 c/w output repetitive peak off-state voltage i drm = 100 a il4116 v drm 600 650 v il4117 v drm 700 750 v il4118 v drm 800 850 v off-state voltage i d(rms) =70 a il4116 v d(rms) 424 460 v il4117 v d(rms) 494 536 v il4118 v d(rms) 565 613 v off-state current v d = 600, t amb = 100 c i d(rms) 10 100 a on-state voltage i t = 300 ma v tm 1.7 3 v on-state current pf = 1, v t(rms) = 1.7 v i tm 300 ma surge (non-repetitive, on-state current) f = 50 hz i tsm 3a holding current v t = 3 v i h 65 200 a latching current v t = 2.2 v i l 500 a led trigger current v ak = 5 v i ft 0.7 1.3 ma zero cross inhibit voltage i f = rated i ft v ih 15 25 v critical rate of rise off-state voltage v rm , v dm = 400 vac dv/dt cr 10 000 v/s v rm , v dm = 400 vac, t amb = 80 c dv/dt cr 2000 v/s critical rate of rise of voltage at current commutation v d = 230 v rms , i d = 300 ma rms , t j = 25 c dv/dt crq 8v/s v d = 230 v rms , i d = 300 ma rms , t j = 85 c dv/dt crq 7v/s critical rate of rise of on-state current commutation v d = 230 v rms , i d = 300 ma rms , t j = 25 c dv/dt crq 12 a/ms thermal resistance, junction to lead r thji 150 c/w coupler critical state of rise of coupler input-output voltage i t = 0 a, v rm = v dm = 424 vac dv (io) /dt 10 000 v/s capacitance (input to output) f = 1 mhz, v io = 0 v c io 0.8 pf common mode coupling capacitance c cm 0.01 pf switching characteristics parameter test condition part symbol min. typ. max. unit turn-on time v rm = v dm = 424 vac t on 35 s turn-off time pf = 1, i t = 300 ma t off 50 s
www.vishay.com for technical questions, contact: optocoupleranswe rs@vishay.com document number: 83628 4 rev. 1.8, 20-oct-10 il4116, il4117, il4118 vishay semiconductors optocoupler, phototriac output, zero crossing, very low input current typical characteristics (t amb = 25 c, unless otherwise specified) fig. 1 - led forward current vs. forward voltage fig. 2 - forward voltage vs. forward current fig. 3 - peak led current vs. duty factor, fig. 4 - maximum led power dissipation fig. 5 - on-state terminal voltage vs. terminal current fig. 6 - maximum output power dissipation iil4116_01 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 v f - led forward voltage (v) i f - led current (ma) 1.0 iil4116_02 100 10 1 0.1 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 i f - forward current (ma) v f - forward voltage (v) t a = - 55 c t a = 100 c t a = 25 c iil4116_03 10 -6 10 -5 10 -4 10 -3 10 -2 10 -1 10 0 10 1 10 100 100 0 10 000 t - led pulse duration (s) i f(pk) - peak led current (ma) 0.005 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.1 0.2 0.5 duty factor t df = /t iil4116_04 100 80 60 40 20 0 - 20 - 40 - 60 0 50 100 150 t - ambient temperature (c) p led - led power (mw) a 500 400 300 200 100 - 100 - 200 - 300 - 400 - 500 0 - 3 - 1 - 2 0 1 2 3 iil4116_05 v t - on-state voltage - v(rms) i t - on-site current - ma(rms) iil4116_06 100 80 60 40 20 0 - 20 - 40 - 60 50 150 250 t - ambient temperature (c) p led - led power (mw) a 0 100 200 300
document number: 83628 for technical questions, contact: optocoupleranswe rs@vishay.com www.vishay.com rev. 1.8, 20-oct-10 5 il4116, il4117, il4118 optocoupler, phototriac output, zero crossing, very low input current vishay semiconductors trigger current vs. temperature and voltage the trigger current of the il4116, il4117, il4118 has a positive temperature gradient and also is dependent on the terminal voltage as shown as the fig. 7. fig. 7 - trigger current vs. temperature and operating voltage (50 hz) for the operating voltage 250 v rms over the temperature range - 40 c to 85 c, the i f should be at least 2.3 x of the i ft1 (1.3 ma, max.). considering - 30 % degradation over time, the trigger current minimum is i f = 1.3 x 2.3 x 130 % = 4 ma inductive and resistive loads for inductive loads, there is phase shift between voltage and current, shown in the fig. 8. fig. 8 - waveforms of resistive and inductive loads the voltage across the triac will rise rapidly at the time the current through the power handling triac falls below the holding current and the triac ceases to conduct. the rise rate of voltage at the current commutation is called commutating dv/dt. there woul d be two potential problems for zc phototriac control if the commutating dv/dt is too high. one is lost control to turn off, another is failed to keep the triac on. lost control to turn off if the commutating dv/dt is t oo high, more than its critical rate (dv/dt crq ), the triac may resume conduction even if the led drive current i f is off and control is lost. in order to achieve control with certain inductive loads of power factors is less than 0.8, the rate of rise in voltage (dv/dt) must be limited by a series rc network placed in parallel with the power handling triac. the rc network is called snubber circuit. note that the value of the capacitor increases as a function of the load current as shown in fig. 9. failed to keep on as a zero-crossing photot riac, the commutating dv/dt spikes can inhibit one half of the triac from keeping on if the spike potential exceeds the inhibit voltage of the zero cross detection circuit, even if the led drive current i f is on. 21611 v rms (v) i ft (ma) 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 100 c 85 c 50 c 25 c 21607 resistive load commutating dv/dt ac line voltage ac current through triac voltage across triac i f(on) i f(off) inductive load commutating dv/dt ac line voltage ac current through triac voltage across triac i f(on) i f(off)
www.vishay.com for technical questions, contact: optocoupleranswe rs@vishay.com document number: 83628 6 rev. 1.8, 20-oct-10 il4116, il4117, il4118 vishay semiconductors optocoupler, phototriac output, zero crossing, very low input current this hold-off condition can be eliminated by using a snubber and also by providing a higher level of led drive current. the higher led drive provides a larger photocurrent which causes the triac to turn-on before the commutating spike has activated the zero cross detection circuit. fig. 10 shows the relationship of the led cu rrent for power factors of less than 1.0. the curve shows that if a device requires 1.5 ma for a resistive load, then 1. 8 times (2.7 ma) that amount would be required to control an inductive load whose power factor is less than 0.3 without the snubber to dump the spike. fig. 9 - shunt capacitance vs . load current vs. power factor fig. 10 - normalized led trigger current applications direct switching operation: the il4116, il4117, il4118 isolated switch is mainly suited to control synchronous motors, valves, relays and solenoids. fig. 11 shows a basi c driving circuit. for resistive load the snubber circuit r s c s can be omitted due to the high static dv/dt characteristic. fig. 11 - basic direct load driving circuit indirect switching operation: the il4116, il4117, il4118 switch acts here as an isolated driver and thus enables the drivi ng of power thyristors and power triacs by microprocessors. fig. 12 shows a basic driving circuit of inductive load. the resister r1 limits the driving current pulse which should not exceed the maximum permissible surge current of the il4116, il4117, il4118. the resister r g is needed only for very sensitive thyristors or triacs from being triggered by noise or the inhibit current. fig. 12 - basic power triac driver circuit iil4116_07 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 i - load current (ma) c s - shunt capacitance (f) l 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 c (f) = 0.0032 (f) x 10 ^ (0.0066 i l (ma)) s p f = 0.3 i f = 2.0 ma iil4116_08 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 pf - power factor ni fth - normalized led trigger current 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0 1.0 1.4 1.8 i normalized to i fth at pf = 1.0 fth 21608-1 1 2 3 6 5 4 control u1 zc r s c s hot nutral inductive load 220/240 vac 21609-1 1 2 3 6 5 4 control u1 zc r1 360 r g 330 r s c s hot nutral inductive load 220/240 vac
document number: 83628 for technical questions, contact: optocoupleranswe rs@vishay.com www.vishay.com rev. 1.8, 20-oct-10 7 il4116, il4117, il4118 optocoupler, phototriac output, zero crossing, very low input current vishay semiconductors package dimensions in millimeters i178004 0.25 typ. 2.95 0.5 3.555 0.255 0.8 min. 7.62 typ. 0.85 0.05 2.54 typ. 1 min. 0.5 0.05 6.4 0.1 8.6 0.1 pin one id 6 5 4 1 2 3 18 3 to 9 7.62 to 8.81 4 typ. iso method a 0.5 0.05 8 min. 0.51 1.02 7.62 ref. 9.53 10.03 0.25 typ. 0.102 0.249 15 max. option 9 0.35 0.25 10.16 10.92 7.8 7.4 10.36 9.96 option 6 8 min. 7.62 typ. 4.6 4.1 8.4 min. 10.3 max. 0.7 option 7 18450
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