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1 semiconductors ZXSC300 issue 2 - february 2004 single or multi cell led driver solution q1 fmmt617 r1 0.33r l1 100h v batt led1 white led v cc gnd i sense v drive u1 ZXSC300 typical application circuit ordering information device reel tapewidth quantity per reel ZXSC300e5ta 7? 8mm 3,000 device marking c300 package sot23-5 description the ZXSC300 is a single or multi cell led driver designed for applications where step-up voltage conversion from very low input voltages is required. these applications mainly operate from single 1.5v or 1.2v battery cells. the circuit generates constant current pulses that are ideal for driving single or multiple led?s over a wide range of operating voltages. the ZXSC300 is a pfm controller ic that drives an external zetex switching transistor with a very low saturation resistance. these transistors are the best switching devices available for this type of switching conversion enabling high efficiency conversion with input voltages below 1 volt. the drive output of the zxsc controller generates a dynamic drive signal for the switching transistor. features ? 94% efficiency ? minimum operating input voltage 0.8v ? fixed output current ? low saturation voltage switching transistor ? sot23-5 package the circuit can start up under full load and operates down to an input voltage of 0.8 volts. the solution configuration ensures optimum efficiency over a wide range of load currents, several circuit configurations are possible depending on battery life versus brightness considerations. the ZXSC300 is offered in the sot23-5 package which, when combined with a sot23 switching transistor, generates a high efficiency small size circuit solution. the ic and discrete combination offers the ultimate cost vs performance solution for single cell led driving applications. applications ? led flashlights and torches ? led backlights ? white led driving ? multiple led driving ? solar equipment
absolute maximum rating ZXSC300 semiconductors issue 2 - february 2004 2 supply voltage -0.3 to 10v maximum voltage other pins -0.3 to v cc +0.3v power dissipation 450mw operating temperature -40 to 85c storage temperature -55 to 150c electrical characteristics: test conditions unless otherwise stated: v cc =1.5v, t amb =25c symbol parameter conditions min. typ. max. units efficiency 1 94 % v cc recommended supply voltage range 0.8 8 v v cc(min) minimum startup and operating voltage i drive =-600a, v drive =0.7v i drive =-600a, v drive =0.7v, t amb =-10c 3 0.8 0.9 0.92 v i q quiescent current 2 0.2 ma i vdrive base drive current v drive = 0.7v, v isense = 0v 1.5 3.6 ma i cc supply current 3 v drive = 0.7v, v isense =0v 2 4 ma v vdrive(high) high level drive voltage v isense =0v,i vdrive =-0.5ma v cc -0.3 v cc v v vdrive(low) low level drive voltage v isense = 50mv, i vdrive = 5ma 0 0.2 v v isense (threshold) output current reference voltage 14 19 24 mv t cvisense i sense voltage temp co. 2 0.4 %/c i isense i sense input current v isense = 0v 0 -30 -65 a t drv discharge pulse width 1.2 1.7 3.2 s symbol parameter conditions min. typ. max. units f osc recommended operating frequency 4 200 khz 1 application dependent, see reference designs. 2 these parameters guaranteed by design and characterisation 3 total supply current =i q + i vdrive , see typical characteristics 4 operating frequency is application circuit dependent. see applications section. operating conditions
ZXSC300 semiconductors issue 2 - february 2004 3 fmmt617 for the circuits described in the applications section, zetex fmmt617 is the recommended pass transistor. the following indicates outline data for the transistor, more detailed information can be found in the zetex surface mount data book or at www.zetex.com electrical characteristics (at t a = 25c unless otherwise stated). parameter symbol min. typ. max. unit conditions collector-emitter saturation voltage v ce(sat) 8 70 150 14 100 200 mv mv mv i c =0.1a, i b =10ma* i c =1a, i b =10ma* i c =3a, i b =40ma* collector-emitter breakdown voltage v (br)ceo 15 18 v i c =10ma* *measured under pulsed conditions. pulse width=300 s. duty cycle 2% zhcs1000 for the circuits described in the applications section zetex zhcs1000 is the recommended schottky diode. the following indicates outline data for the diode, more detailed information is available at www.zetex.com electrical characteristics (at t amb = 25c unless otherwise stated). parameter symbol min. typ. max. unit conditions forward voltage v f 400 500 mv mv i f =500ma i f =1a reverse current i r 50 100 a v r =30v reverse recovery time t rr 12 ns switched from i f = 500ma to i r = 500ma. measured at i r =50ma *measured under pulsed conditions. pulse width=300 s. duty cycle 2%
ZXSC300 semiconductors issue 2 - february 2004 4 typical characteristics
ZXSC300 semiconductors issue 2 - february 2004 5 device description the ZXSC300 is pfm, controller ic which, when combined with a high performance external transistor, enables the production of a high efficiency boost converter for use in single cell led driving applications. a block diagram is shown for the ZXSC300 in figure 1. the on chip comparator forces the driver circuit and therefore the external switching transistor off if the voltage at i sense exceeds 19mv. this threshold is set by an internal reference circuit and divider. the voltage at i sense is taken from a current sense resistor connected in series with the emitter of the switching transistor. a monostable following the output of the comparator forces the turn-off time of the output stage to be typically 1.7s. this ensures that there is sufficient time to discharge the inductor coil before the next on period. with every on pulse the switching transistor is kept on until the voltage across the current-sense resistor exceeds the threshold of the i sense input. the on-pulse length, and therefore the switching frequency, is determined by the programmed peak current, the input voltage and the input to output voltage differential. see applications section for details. the driver circuit supplies the external switching transistor with a fixed drive current. to maximise efficiency the external transistor switched quickly, typically being forced off within 30ns. figure 1 ZXSC300 block diagram pin descriptions pin no. name description 1v cc supply voltage, generally alkaline, nimh or nicd single cell 2 gnd ground 3 n/c not connected 4i sense inductor current sense input. internal threshold voltage set to 19mv. connect external sense resistor 5v drive drive output for external switching transistor. connect to base of external switching transistor pin out diagram
ZXSC300 semiconductors issue 2 - february 2004 6 ref value part number manufacture comments u1 n/a ZXSC300e5 zetex plc single cell converter, sot23-5 q1 n/a fmmt617 zetex plc low v ce(sat) npn, sot23 d1 1a zhcs1000 zetex plc 1a shottky diode, sot23 r1 100mw generic various 0805 size c1 2.2mf generic various low esr ceramic capacitor l1 100h do1608p-104 coilcraft surface mount inductor led1 5600mcd nspw500bs nichia white led q1 fmmt617 r1 0.1r l1 100h vbatt led1 white led d1 zhcs1000 c1 2.2f v cc gnd i sense v drive u1 ZXSC300 reference designs two typical led driving applications are shown. firstly a maximum brightness solution and secondly an optimised battery life solution. maximum brightness solution this circuit provides a constant current output to the led by rectifying the switching pulses. this ensures maximum led brightness. material list
ZXSC300 semiconductors issue 2 - february 2004 7 ref value part number manufacture comments u1 n/a ZXSC300e5 zetex plc single cell converter, sot23-5 q1 n/a fmmt617 zetex plc low v ce(sat) npn, sot23 r1 330mw generic various 0805 size l1 100mh do1608p-104 coilcraft surface mount inductor led1 5600mcd nspw500bs nichia white led 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 85 90 95 100 input voltage v efficiency single led load efficiency (%) input voltage (v) q1 fmmt617 r1 0.33r l1 100h v batt led1 white led v cc gnd i sense v drive u1 ZXSC300 maximum battery life solution to ensure optimum efficiency, and therefore maximum battery life, the led is supplied with a pulsed current. maximum efficiency is ensured with the removal of rectifier losses experienced in the maximum brightness solution. materials list
ZXSC300 semiconductors issue 2 - february 2004 8 applications information the following section is a design guide for optimum converter performance. switching transistor selection the choice of switching transistor has a major impact on the converter efficiency. for optimum performance, a bipolar transistor with low v ce(sat) and high gain is required. the zetex fmmt617 is an ideal choice of transistor, having a low saturation voltage. a data sheet for the fmmt617 is available on zetex web site or through your local zetex sales office. outline information is included in the characteristics section of this data sheet. schottky diode selection for the maximum battery life solution a schottky rectifier diode is required. as with the switching transistor the schottky rectifier diode has a major impact on the converter efficiency. a schottky diode with a low forward voltage and fast recovery time should be used for this application. the diode should be selected so that the maximum forward current is greater or equal to the maximum peak current in the inductor, and the maximum reverse voltage is greater or equal to the output voltage. the zetex zhcs1000 meets these needs. datasheets for the zhcs series are available on zetex web site or through your local zetex sales office. outline information is included in the characteristics section of this data sheet. for the maximum brightness solution a pulsed current is supplied to the led therefore a schottky rectifier diode is not required. inductor selection the inductor value must be chosen to satisfy performance, cost and size requirements of the overall solution. for the reference designs we recommend an inductor value of 100uh with a core saturation current rating greater than the converter peak current value and low series resistance. inductor selection has a significant impact on the converter performance. for applications where efficiency is critical, an inductor with a series resistance of 500m ? or less should be used. peak current definition the peak current rating is a design parameter whose value is dependent upon the overall application. for the high brightness reference designs, a peak current of was chosen to ensure that the converter could provide the required output power to the led. in general, the i pk value must be chosen to ensure that the switching transistor, q1, is in full saturation with maximum output power conditions, assuming worse-case input voltage and transistor gain under all operating temperature extremes. once i pk is decided the value of r sense can be determined by: r v i sense isense pk = where v isense =19mv
ZXSC300 semiconductors issue 2 - february 2004 9 output power calculation by making the above assumptions for inductance and peak current the output power can be determined by: p (v v x i i out out- in pk min = + )( ) 2 x t tt off on off () + note: v out = output voltage + schottky rectifier voltage drop where t off ? 1.7s (internally set by ZXSC300) and t tv v v on off out in in = ? () and ii (v - v xt l min pk out in off =? ) operating frequency can be derived by: f tt on off = + 1 () capacitor selection for pulsed operation, as in the maximum battery life solution, no capacitors are required at the output to the led. for rectified operation, as in the maximum brightness solution, a small value ceramic capacitor is required, typically 2.2uf. generally an input capacitor is not required, but a small ceramic capacitor may be added to aid emc, typically 470nf to 1uf. demonstration board a demonstration board for the maximum battery life solution, is available upon request. these can be obtained through your local zetex office or through zetex web pages. for all reference designs gerber files and bill of materials can be supplied. layout of maximum battery life solution top copper drill holes bottom copper silk screen
notes: ZXSC300 semiconductors issue 2 - february 2004 10
ZXSC300 semiconductors issue 2 - february 2004 11 manufacturer europe asia usa zetex zetex gmbh germany zetex asia hong kong zetex inc tel: (49) 894549490 (852) 2610 0611 (1) 631 543 7100 url: http://www.zetex.com avx avx uk avx asia singapore avx usa tel: (44) 1252 770000 (65) 6286 7555 (1) 843 448 9411 url: http://www.avxcorp.com coilcraft coilcraft europe uk coilcraft inc tel: (44) 1236 730595 (1) 847 639 6400 url: http://www.coilcraft.com nichia corporation nichia europe b.v. the netherlands nichia corporation japan nichia america corporation tel: (31) 20 5060900 (81) 3 3456 3784 head office (1) 717 285 2323 san jose (1) 408 573 0933 url: http://www.nichia.co.jp supplier listing
ZXSC300 semiconductors issue 2 - february 2004 europe zetex gmbh streitfeldstra?e 19 d-81673 mnchen germany telefon: (49) 89 45 49 49 0 fax: (49) 89 45 49 49 49 europe.sales@zetex.com americas zetex inc 700 veterans memorial hwy hauppauge, ny 11788 usa telephone: (1) 631 360 2222 fax: (1) 631 360 8222 usa.sales@zetex.com asia pacific zetex (asia) ltd 3701-04 metroplaza tower 1 hing fong road, kwai fong hong kong telephone: (852) 26100 611 fax: (852) 24250 494 asia.sales@zetex.com corporate headquaters zetex plc fields new road, chadderton oldham, ol9 8np united kingdom telephone (44) 161 622 4444 fax: (44) 161 622 4446 hq@zetex.com these offices are supported by agents and distributors in major countries world-wide. this publication is issued to provide outline information only which (unless agreed by the company in writing) may not be used, applied or reproduced for any purpose or form part of any order or contract or be regarded as a representation relating to the products or services concerned. the company reserves the right to alter without notice the specification, design, price or conditions of supply of any product or service. for the latest product information, log on to www.zetex.com ? zetex plc 2003 12 dim millimeters inches min. max. min. max. a 0.90 1.45 0.0354 0.0570 a1 - 0.15 - 0.0059 a2 0.90 1.30 0.0354 0.0511 b 0.20 0.50 0.0078 0.0196 c 0.09 0.26 0.0035 0.0102 d 2.70 3.10 0.1062 0.1220 e 2.20 3.20 0.0866 0.1181 e1 1.30 1.80 0.0511 0.0708 e 0.95 ref 0.0374 ref e1 1.90 ref 0.0748 ref l 0.10 0.60 0.0039 0.0236 a 0 30 0 30 package dimensions package outline

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