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mic33050 4mhz internal inductor pwm buck regulator with hyperlight load ? hyperlight load is a registered trademark of micrel, inc. mlf and micro leadframe are registered trademarks of amkor technology, inc. micrel inc. ? 2180 fortune drive ? san jose, ca 95131 ? usa ? tel +1 ( 408 ) 944-0800 ? fax + 1 (408) 474-1000 ? http://www.micrel.com may 2012 m9999-050312-c general description the micrel mic33050 is a high-efficiency 600ma pwm synchronous buck (step-down) regulator with internal inductor featuring hyperlight load, a patent-pending switching scheme that offers best-in-class light load efficiency and transient performance while providing very small external components and low output ripple at all loads. the mic33050 also has a very-low typical quiescent current of 20a and can achieve over 85% efficiency even at 1ma. in contrast to traditional light load schemes, the hyperlight load architecture does not trade off control speed to obtain low standby currents and in doing so, the device only needs a small output capacitor to absorb the load transient as the powered device goes from light load to full load. at higher loads, the mic33050 provides a constant switching frequency of greater than 4mhz while providing peak efficiencies greater than 93% . the mic33050 is available in fixed and adjustable output voltages and comes in a 12-pin 3mm x 3mm mlf ? with a junction operating range of ?40 ? c to +125 ? c. data sheets and support documentation can be found on micrel?s web site at: www.micrel.com . features ? input voltage: 2.7v to 5.5v ? 600ma output current ? fixed and adjustable output voltage options ? no external inductor required ? ultra-fast transient response ? 20a quiescent current ? 4mhz switching in pwm mode ? low output voltage ripple ? >93% peak efficiency ? >85% efficiency at 1ma ? micropower shutdown ? 12-pin 3mm x 3mm mlf ? ? ?40 ? c to +125 ? c junction temperature range applications ? cellular phones ? digital cameras ? portable media players ? wireless lan cards ? wifi, wimax, and wibro modules ? usb-powered devices ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ typical application
micrel, inc. mic33050 may 2012 2 m9999-050312-c ordering information part number voltage temperature range package lead finish mic33050-cyhl 1.0v ?40 to +125c 12-pin 3mm x 3mm mlf ? pb-free mic33050-4yhl 1.2v ?40 to +125c 12-pin 3mm x 3mm mlf ? pb-free mic33050-gyhl 1.8v ?40 to +125c 12-pin 3mm x 3mm mlf ? pb-free MIC33050-SYHL 3.3v ?40 to +125c 12-pin 3mm x 3mm mlf ? pb-free mic33050-ayhl adj ?40 to +125c 12-pin 3mm x 3mm mlf ? pb-free notes: 1. other output voltage options availabl e. please contact micrel for details. 2. mlf ? is a green rohs-compliant package. lead fini sh is nipdau. mold compound is halogen free. pin configuration 12-pin 3mm x 3mm mlf ? (hl) fixed output top view 12-pin 3mm x 3mm mlf ? (hl) adjustable output top view pin description pin number (fixed) pin number (adj) pin name pin function 1 1 vin supply voltage (input): requires bypass capacitor-to-gnd. 2 2 pgnd power ground. 3, 4, 5, 6 3, 4, 5, 6 sw switch (output): internal power mosfet output switches. 7, 8 7, 8 out output after the internal inductor. 9 9 en enable (input): logic low will shut do wn the device, reducing the quiescent current to less than 4a. do not leave floating. 10 10 sns input to the error amplifier. connect to t he external resistor divider network to see the output voltage. for fi xed output voltages connect v out (internal resistor network sets the output voltage). 11 ? cff feed forward capacitor connected to out sense pin. ? 11 fb feedback voltage. connect a resistor di vider from output to ground to set the output voltage. 12 12 agnd analog ground. ep ep epad exposed heatsink pad. connect to power ground for best thermal performance.
micrel, inc. mic33050 may 2012 3 m9999-050312-c absolute maximum ratings (1) supply voltage (v in ) .........................................................6v output switch voltage (v sw ) ............................................6v output switch current (i sw )..............................................2a logic input voltage (v en ) .................................. ?0.3v to v in storage temperature range (t s )..............?65c to +150c esd rating (3) ................................................. esd sensitive operating ratings (2) supply voltage (v in )......................................... 2.7v to 5.5v logic input voltage (v en )??????????-0.3v to v in junction temperature (t j ) ..................?40c t j +125c thermal resistance 3mm x 3mm mlf ? -12 ( ? ja )................................60c/w electrical characteristics (4) t a = 25c with v in = v en = 3.6v; c ff = 560pf; c out = 4.7f; i out = 20ma unless otherwise specified. bold values indicate ?40c< t j < +125c. parameter condition min. typ. max. units supply voltage range 2.7 5.5 v undervoltage lockout threshol d (turn-on) 2. 45 2.55 2.65 v uvlo hysteresis 100 mv quiescent current, hyper ll mode i out = 0ma ; v sns > 1.2*v out nominal 20 32 a shutdown current v in = 5.5v; v en = 0v 0.01 4 a output voltage accuracy v in = 3.0v; i load = 20ma ?2.5 +2.5 % current limit in pwm mode sns = 0.9*v nom 0.65 1 1.7 a output voltage line regulation v in = 3.0v to 5.5v; i load = 20ma 0.5 %/v output voltage load regulation 20ma < i load < 500ma, 0.3 % feedback voltage v in = 3.0v; i out = 20ma 390 400 410 mv maximum duty cycle sns ? v nom 80 89 % pwm switch on-resistance i sw = 100ma pmos i sw = -100ma nmos 0.45 0.5 ? frequency i load = 120ma 4 mhz soft-start time v out = 90% 650 s enable threshold (turn-on) 0.5 0.8 1.2 v enable hysteresis 35 mv enable input current 0.1 2 a over-temperature shutdown 165 ? c over-temperature shutdown hysteresis 20 ? c notes: 1. exceeding the absolute maxi mum rating may damage the device. 2. the device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating. 3. devices are esd sensitive. handling precautions recommended. human body model, 1.5k ? in series with 100pf. 4. specification for packaged product only.
micrel, inc. mic33050 may 2012 4 m9999-050312-c typical characteristics 50 60 70 80 90 100 1 10 100 1000 efficiency (%) output current (ma) efficiency v out = 3.3v v in = 5.0v v in = 4.2v v in = 5.5v 50 60 70 80 90 100 1 10 100 1000 efficiency (%) output current (ma) efficiency v out = 1.8v v in = 4.2v v in = 3.6v v in = 3.0v 50 60 70 80 90 100 1 10 100 1000 efficiency (%) output current (ma) efficiency v out = 1.2v v in = 2.7v v in = 3.6v v in = 4.2v 50 60 70 80 90 100 1 10 100 1000 efficiency (%) output current (ma) efficiency v out = 1.0v v in = 2.7v v in = 3.6v v in = 4.2v l = 1uh quiescent current vs. temperature 0 10 20 30 40 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 temperature (c) quiescent current (ua) v in = 3.6v v out = 1.8v quiescent current vs. input voltage 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 2.7 3.2 3.7 4.2 4.7 5.2 input voltage (v) quiescent current (a) v in = 3.6v v out = 1.8v no load switching frequency vs. temperature 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 temperature (c) switching frequency (mhz) v in = 3.6v v out = 1.8v load = 150ma switching frequency vs. input voltage 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.50 5.00 5.50 2.70 3.20 3.70 4.20 4.70 5.20 input voltage (v) switching frequency (mhz) v in = 3.6v v out = 1.8v load = 150ma feedback voltage vs. temperature 0.3 0.32 0.34 0.36 0.38 0.4 0.42 0.44 0.46 0.48 0.5 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 temperature (c) feedback voltage (v) v in = 3.6v v out = 1.8v no load
micrel, inc. mic33050 may 2012 5 m9999-050312-c typical characteristics (continued) output voltage vs. temperature 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 temperature (c) output voltage (v) v in = 3.6v v out = 1.8v no load output voltage vs. input voltage (v) 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 2.7 3.2 3.7 4.2 4.7 5.2 input voltage (v) output voltage (v) load = 20ma 1.70 1.75 1.80 1.85 1.90 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 output current (ma) output voltage vs. output current v in = 3.6v
micrel, inc. mic33050 may 2012 6 m9999-050312-c functional characteristics
micrel, inc. mic33050 may 2012 7 m9999-050312-c functional characteristics (continued)
micrel, inc. mic33050 may 2012 8 m9999-050312-c functional diagram mic33050 fixed output block diagram mic33050 adjustable output block diagram
micrel, inc. mic33050 may 2012 9 m9999-050312-c functional description vin vin provides power to the mosfets for the switch mode regulator section and to the analog supply circuitry. due to the high switching speeds, it is recommended that a 2.2f or greater capacitor be plac ed close to vin and the power ground (pgnd) pin for bypassing. refer to the pcb layout recommendations for details. en the enable pin, en, controls the on and off state of the device. a high logic on the enable pin activates the regulator while a low logic deactivates it. mic33050 features built-in soft-start circuitry that reduces in-rush current and prevents the output voltage from overshooting at start-up. do not leave floating. sw the pins at the switch node, sw, connect directly to the internal inductor which provides the switching current necessary to operate in pwm mode. due to the high- speed switching on this pin, the switch node should be routed away from sensitive nodes such as the cff and fb pins. out the out pin is for the output voltage following the internal inductor of the device. connect an output filter capacitor equal to 2.2f or greater to this pin. sns the sense pin, sns, is needed to sense the output voltage at the output filter capacitor. in order for the control loop to monitor the output voltage accura tely it is good practice to sense the output voltage at the positive side of the output filter capacitor where voltage ripple is smallest. cff the cff pin is connected to the sns pin of mic33050 with a feed-forward capacitor of 560pf. the cff pin itself is compared with the internal reference voltage (v ref ) of the device and provides the co ntrol path to control the output. v ref is equal to 400mv. the cff pin is sensitive to noise and should be place away from the sw pin. refer to the layout recommendations for details. fb the feedback pin is provided for the adjustable output version. an external resistor divider network is connected from the output and is compared to the internal 400mv internal reference voltage within the control loop. the output voltage, of the circuit below, may be calculated via the following equation: ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 2 1 1 4 . 0 r r v v out pgnd power ground (pgnd) is the ground path for high current. the current loop for the power ground should be as small as possible and separate from the analog ground (agnd) loop. refer to the pcb layout recommendations for more details. agnd signal ground (agnd) is the ground path for the biasing and control circuitry. the current loop for the signal ground should be separate from the pgnd loop. refer to the pcb layout recommendations for more details.
micrel, inc. mic33050 may 2012 10 m9999-050312-c applications information input capacitor a minimum of 2.2f ceramic capacitor should be placed close to the vin pin and pgnd pin for bypassing. x5r or x7r dielectrics are recommended for the input capacitor. y5v dielectrics, aside from losing most of their capacitance over temperature, they also become resistive at high frequencies. this redu ces their ability to filter out high frequency noise. output capacitor the mic33050 was designed for use with a 2.2f or greater ceramic output capacito r. a low equivalent series resistance (esr) ceramic output capacitor either x7r or x5r is recommended. y5v and z5u dielectric capacitors, aside from the undesirable effect of their wide variation in capacitance over temperature, become resistive at high frequencies. compensation the mic33050 is designed to be stable with an internal inductor with a minimum of 2.2f ceramic (x5r) output capacitor. efficiency considerations efficiency is defined as the am ount of useful output power, divided by the amount of power supplied. 100 i v i v (%) efficiency in in out out ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? maintaining high efficiency serves two purposes. it reduces power dissipation in the power supply, reducing the need for heat sinks and ther mal design considerations and it reduces consumption of current for battery powered applications. reduced current draw from a battery increases the devices operating time and is critical in hand held devices. there are two types of losses in switching converters; dc losses and switching losses. dc losses are simply the power dissipation of i 2 r. power is dissipated in the high side switch during the on cycle. power loss is equal to the high side mosfet r dson multiplied by the square of the switch current. during the off cycle, the low side n- channel mosfet conducts, also dissipating power. device operating current also reduces efficiency. the product of the quiescent (oper ating) current and the supply voltage is another dc loss. the current required driving the gates on and off at a constant 4mhz frequency and the switching transitions make up the switching losses. 50 60 70 80 90 100 1 10 100 1000 efficiency (%) output current (ma) efficiency v out = 1.8v v in = 4.2v v in = 3.6v v in = 3.0v the figure above shows an efficiency curve. from 1a to 100ma, efficiency losses are dominated by quiescent current losses, gate drive and transition losses. by using the hyperlight load ? mode, the mic33050 is able to maintain high efficiency at low output currents. over 100ma, efficiency loss is dominated by mosfet rdson and inductor losses. higher input supply voltages will increase the gate-to-sour ce threshold on the internal mosfets, thereby reducing the internal rdson. this improves efficiency by reducing dc losses in the device. all but the inductor losses are inherent to the device. in which case, inductor selection becomes increasingly critical in efficiency calculations. as the inductors are reduced in size, the dc resistance (dcr) can become quite significant. the dcr losses can be calculated as follows: l pd = i out 2 dcr from that, the loss in efficiency due to inductor resistance can be calculated as follows; 100 l i v i v 1 (%) loss efficiency pd out out out out ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? efficiency loss due to dcr is minimal at light loads and gains significance as the load is increased. inductor selection becomes a trade-off between efficiency and size in this case.
micrel, inc. mic33050 may 2012 11 m9999-050312-c hyperlight load mode the mic33050 uses a minimum on and off time proprietary control loop. when the output voltage falls below the regulation threshold, the error comparator begins a switching cycle that turns the pmos on and keeps it on for the duration of the minimum-on-time. when the output voltage is over t he regulation threshold, the error comparator turns the pmos off for a minimum-off- time. the nmos acts as an ideal rectifier that conducts when the pmos is off. using a nmos switch instead of a diode allows for lower voltage drop across the switching device when it is on. the asynchronous switching combination between the pmos and the nmos allows the control loop to work in discontinuous mode for light load operations. in discontinuous mode, mic33050 works in pulse frequency modulation (pfm) to regulate the output. as the output current increas es, the switching frequency increases. this improves t he efficiency of the mic33050 during light load currents. as the load current increases, the mic33050 goes into continuous conduction mode (ccm) at a constant frequency of 4mhz. the equation to calculate the load when the mic33050 goes into continuous conduction mode may be approximated by the following formula: ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? f 2l d ) v (v i out in load
micrel, inc. mic33050 may 2012 12 m9999-050312-c mic33050 typical application circuit (fixed output) bill of materials item part number manufacturer description qty c1, c2 c1608x5r0j475k tdk (1) 4.7f ceramic capacitor, 6.3v, x5r, size 0603 2 c3 c1608c0g1h561j tdk (1) 560pf ceramic capacitor, 50v, npo, size 0603 1 r1 crcw0603100kfkea vishay (2) 100k ? , tolerance 1%, size 0603 1 u1 mic33050-xyhl micrel, inc. (3) 4mhz internal inductor pwm buck regulator with hyperlight load ? mode 1 notes: 1. tdk: www.tdk.com . 2. vishay: www.vishay.com . 3. micrel, inc: www.micrel.com .
micrel, inc. mic33050 may 2012 13 m9999-050312-c mic33050 typical application circuit (adjustable) bill of materials item part number manufacturer description qty c1, c2 c1608x5r0j475k tdk (1) 4.7f ceramic capacitor, 6.3v, x5r, size 0603 2 c3 c1608c0g1h121j tdk (1) 120pf ceramic capacitor, 50v, npo, size 0603 1 r1, r3 crcw0603100kfkea vishay (2) 100k ? , tolerance 1%, size 0603 2 r2 crcw0603348kfkea vishay (2) 348k ? , tolerance 1%, size 0603 1 u1 mic33050-ayhl micrel, inc. (3) 4mhz internal inductor pwm buck regulator with hyperlight load ? 1 notes: 1. tdk: www.tdk.com 2. vishay: www.vishay.com 3. micrel, inc: www.micrel.com
micrel, inc. mic33050 may 2012 14 m9999-050312-c pcb layout recommendations (fixed) top layer bottom layer
micrel, inc. mic33050 may 2012 15 m9999-050312-c pcb layout recommendations (adjustable) top layer bottom layer
micrel, inc. mic33050 may 2012 16 m9999-050312-c package information 12-pin 3mm x 3mm mlf ? (ml) micrel, inc. 2180 fortune drive san jose, ca 95131 usa tel +1 (408) 944-0800 fax +1 (408) 474-1000 web http://www.micrel.com the information furnished by micrel in this data sheet is belie ved to be accurate and reliable. however, no responsibility is a ssumed by micrel for its use. micrel reserves the right to change circuitry and specifications at any time without notification to the customer. micrel products are not designed or authori zed for use as components in life support app liances, devices or systems where malfu nction of a product can reasonably be expected to result in pers onal injury. life support devices or system s are devices or systems that (a) are in tended for surgical implant into the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a significan t injury to the user. a purchaser?s use or sale of micrel produc ts for use in life support app liances, devices or systems is a purchaser?s own risk and purchaser agrees to fully indemnify micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale. ? 2007 micrel, incorporated.

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