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datasheet ds_dnl10sip16_03052009 features ? high efficiency: 92% @ 12vin, 3.3v/16a out ? small size and low profile: (sip) 50.8 x 12.7 x 9.5mm (2.00? x 0.50? x 0.37?) ? standard footprint ? voltage and resistor-based trim ? pre-bias startup ? output voltage tracking ? no minimum load required ? output voltage programmable from 0.75vdc to 5vdc via external resistor ? fixed frequency operation (300khz) ? input uvlo, output otp, ocp ? remote on/off(default:positive) ? remote sense ? iso 9001, tl 9000, iso 14001, qs 9000, ohsas 18001 certified manufacturing facility ? ul/cul 60950 (us & canada) recognized, and tuv (en60950) certified. ? ce mark meets 73/23/eec and 93/68/eec directives applications ? telecom / datacom ? distributed power architectures ? servers and workstations ? lan / wan applications ? data processing applications options ? negative on/off logic ? tracking feature ? smd package delphi dnl, non-is olated point of load dc/dc power modules: 8.3-14vin, 0.75-5.0v/16a out the delphi series dnl, 8.3~14v input, single output, non-isolated point of load dc/dc converters are the latest offering from a world leader in power systems technology and manufacturing D delta electronics, inc. the dnl series provides a programmable output voltage from 0.75v to 5.0v through an external trimming resistor. the dnl converters have flexible and programmable tracking and sequencing features to enable a variety of sequencing and tracking bet ween several point of load power modules. this product family is av ailable in a surface mount or sip package and provides up to 16a of out put current in an industry standard footprint and pinout. with creative design technology and optimization of component placement, these converters possess outstanding electrical and thermal performance and extremely high reliability under highly stressful operating conditions.
ds_dnl10sip16_03052009 2 technical specifications t a = 25c, airflow rate = 300 lfm, v in = 8.3vdc and 14vdc, nominal vout unless otherwise noted. parameter notes and conditions dnl10s0a0r16nfd min. typ. max. units absolute maximum ratings input voltage (continuous) 0 15 vdc tracking voltage 0 vin,max vdc operating temperature refer to figure 31 for the measuring point -40 +125 c storage temperature -55 +125 c input characteristics operating input voltage vo,set Q 3.63vdc 8.3 12 14 v vo,set 3.63vdc 8.3 12 13.2 v input under-voltage lockout turn-on voltage threshold 7.9 v turn-off voltage threshold 7.8 v maximum input current vin=vin,min to vin,max, io=io,max 11 a no-load input current 100 ma off converter input current 2 ma inrush transient vin= vin,min to vin,max, io=io,min to io,max 0.4 a 2 s recommended input fuse 15 a output characteristics output voltage set point vin=12v, io=io,max -2.0 vo,set +2.0 % vo,set output voltage adjustable range 0.7525 5 v output voltage regulation over line vin=vin,min to vin,max 0.3 % vo,set over load io=io,min to io,max 0.4 % vo,set over temperature ta= -40 to 85 0.4 % vo,set total output voltage range over sample load, line and temperature -2.5 +3.5 % vo,set output voltage ripple and noise 5hz to 20mhz bandwidth peak-to-peak vin=min to max, io=min to max1f ceramic, 10f tan 50 75 mv rms vin=min to max, io=min to max1f ceramic, 10f tan 15 30 mv output current range 0 16 a output voltage over-shoot at start-up vout=3.3v 1 % vo,set output dc current-limit inception 180 % io output short-circuit current (hiccup mode) io,s/c 3 adc dynamic characteristics dynamic load response 10f tan & 1f ceramic load cap, 2.5a/s, vin=12v positive step change in output current 50% io, max to 100% io, max 200 mvpk negative step change in output current 100% io, max to 50% io, max 200 mvpk settling time( vo < 10% peak deviation ) 25 s turn-on transient io=io.max start-up time, from on/off control von/off, vo=10% of vo,set 5 ms start-up time, from input vin=vin,min, vo=10% of vo,set 5 ms output voltage rise time time for vo to rise from 10% to 90% of vo,set 4 6 ms output capacitive load full load; esr R 1m ? 1000 f full load; esr R 10m ? , vin<9.0v 3500 f full load; esr R 10m ? , vin R 9.0v 5000 f efficiency vo=0.75v vin=12v, io=io,max 79.5 % vo=1.2v vin=12v, io=io,max 85.0 % vo=1.5v vin=12v, io=io,max 87.0 % vo=1.8v vin=12v, io=io,max 89.0 % vo=2.5v vin=12v, io=io,max 91.0 % vo=3.3v vin=12v, io=io,max 92.0 % vo=5.0v vin=12v, io=io,max 94.0 % feature characteristics switching frequency 300 khz on/off control, (negative logic) logic low voltage module on, von/off -0.2 0.3 v logic high voltage module off, von/off 2.5 vin,max v logic low current module on, ion/off 10 ua logic high current module off, ion/off 0.2 1 ma on/off control, (positive logic) logic high voltage module on, von/off vin,max v logic low voltage module off, von/off -0.2 0.3 v logic high current module on, ion/off 10 ua logic low current module off, ion/off 0.2 1 ma tracking slew rate capability 0.1 2 v/msec tracking delay time delay from vin.min to application of tracking voltage 10 ms tracking accuracy power-up, subject to 2v/ms 100 200 mv power-down, subject to 1v/ms 200 400 mv remote sense range 0.1 v general specifications mtbf io=80%io, max, ta=25 4.28 m hours weight 12 grams over-temperature shutdown refer to figure 31 for the measuring point 130 c
ds_dnl10sip16_03052009 3 60 70 80 90 100 13579111315 load (a) efficiency(%) vin=8.3v vin=12v vin=14v electrical characteristics curves figure 1: converter efficiency vs. output current (0.75v output voltage) figure 2: converter efficiency vs. output current (1.2v output voltage) figure 3: converter efficiency vs. output current (1.5v output voltage) figure 4: converter efficiency vs. output current (1.8v output voltage) figure 5: converter efficiency vs. output current (2.5v output voltage) figure 6: converter efficiency vs. output current (3.3v output voltage) 45 55 65 75 85 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 load (a) efficiency(%) vin=8.3v vn=12v vin=14v 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 13579111315 load (a) efficiency(%) vin=8.3v vin=12v vin=14v 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 13579111315 load (a) efficiency(%) vin=8.3v vin=12v vin=14v 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 13579111315 load (a) efficiency(%) vin=8.3v vin=12v vin=14v 60 70 80 90 100 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 load (a) efficiency(%) vin=8.3v vin=12v vin=14v 70 75 80 85 90 95 13579111315 load (a) efficiency(%) vin=8.3v vin=12v vin=14v 75 80 85 90 95 13579111315 load (a) efficiency(%) vin=8.3v vin=12v vin=14v
ds_dnl10sip16_03052009 4 electrical characteristics curves figure 7: converter efficiency vs. output current (5.0v output voltage) figure 8: output ripple & noise at 12vin, 2.5v/16a out figure 9: output ripple & noise at 12vin, 5.0v/16a out figure 10: turn on delay time at 12vin, 5.0v/16a out figure 11: turn on delay time at remote on/off, 5.0v/16a out vo vin vo remote on/off 75 80 85 90 95 100 13579111315 load (a) efficiency(%) vin=8.3v vin=12v vin=13.2v
ds_dnl10sip16_03052009 5 electrical characteristics curves figure 12: turn on using remote on/off with external capacitors (co= 5000 f), 5.0v/16a out figure 13: typical transient response to step load change at 2.5a/ s from 100% to 50% of io, max at 12vin, 5.0v out (cout = 1uf ceramic, 10 f tantalum) figure 14: typical transient response to step load change at 2.5a/ s from 50% to 100% of io, max at 12vin, 5.0v out (cout = 1uf ceramic, 10 f tantalum) figure 15: output short circuit current 12vin, 0.75vout (10a/div) figure 16: turn on with prebias 12vin, 5v/0a out, vbias =3.3vdc vo remote on/off
ds_dnl10sip16_03052009 6 test configurations v i (+) v i (-) battery 2 100uf tantalum l to oscilloscope note: input reflected-ripple current is measured with a simulated source inductance. current is measured at the input of the module. figure 17: input reflected-ripple test setup vo gnd copper strip 10uf tantalum 1uf ceramic scope resistive load note: use a 10 f tantalum and 1 f capacitor. scope measurement should be made using a bnc connector. figure 18: peak-peak output noise and startup transient measurement test setup supply i vi vo gnd io load contact and distribution losses contact resistance figure 19: output voltage and efficiency measurement test setup note: all measurements are taken at the module terminals. when the module is not soldered (via socket), place kelvin connections at module terminals to avoid measurement errors due to contact resistance. % 100 ) ( = ii vi io vo design considerations input source impedance to maintain low-noise and ripple at the input voltage, it is critical to use low esr capacitors at the input to the module. figure 20 shows the input ripple voltage (mvp-p) for various output models using 6x47uf low esr tantalum capacitors (sanyo p/n:16tqc47m, 47uf/16v or equivalent) and 6x22 uf very low esr ceramic capacitors (tdk p/n:c3225x7s1c226mt, 22uf/16v or equivalent). the input capacitance should be able to handle an ac ripple current of at least: arms vin vout vin vout iout irms ? ? ? ? ? ? ? = 1 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 0123456 output voltage (vdc) input ripple volt age (mvp-p) tantalum ceramic figure 20: input ripple voltage for various output models, io = 16a (cin = 6x47uf tantalum capacitors and 6x22uf ceramic capacitors at the input)
ds_dnl10sip16_03052009 7 design considerations (con.) the power module should be connected to a low ac-impedance input source. highly inductive source impedances can affect the stability of the module. an input capacitance must be placed close to the modules input pins to filter ripple current and ensure module stability in the presence of inductive traces that supply the input voltage to the module. safety considerations for safety-agency approval the power module must be installed in compliance with the spacing and separation requirements of the end-use safety agency standards. for the converter output to be considered meeting the requirements of safety extra-low voltage (selv), the input must meet selv requirements. the power module has extra-low voltage (elv) outputs when all inputs are elv. the input to these units is to be provided with a maximum 15a of glass type fast-acting fuse in the ungrounded lead. features descriptions remote on/off the dnl series power modules have an on/off pin for remote on/off operation. both positive and negative on/off logic options are available in the dnl series power modules. for positive logic module, connect an open collector (npn) transistor or open drain (n channel) mosfet between the on/off pin and the gnd pin (see figure 21). positive logic on/off signal turns the module on during the logic high and turns the module off during the logic low. when the positive on/off function is not used, leave the pin floating or tie to vin (module will be on). for negative logic module, the on/off pin is pulled high with an external pull-up resi stor (see figure 22) negative logic on/off signal turns the module off during logic high and turns the module on during logic low. if the negative on/off function is not used, leave the pin floating or tie to gnd. (module will be on) rl vo vin on/off gnd i on/off figure 21: positive remote on /off implementation vo vin on/off gnd rpull-up rl i on/off figure 22: negative remote on/off implementation over-current protection to provide protection in an output over load fault condition, the unit is equipped with internal over-current protection. when the over-current protection is triggered, the unit enters hiccup mode. the units operate normally once the fault condition is removed.
ds_dnl10sip16_03052009 8 features descriptions (con.) over-temperature protection the over-temperature protecti on consists of circuitry that provides protection from thermal damage. if the temperature exceeds the ov er-temperature threshold the module will shut down. the module will try to restart after shutdown. if the over-t emperature condition still exists during restart, the module will shut down again. this restart trial will continue until the temperature is within specification remote sense the dnl provide vo remote sensing to achieve proper regulation at the load points and reduce effects of distribution losses on output li ne. in the event of an open remote sense line, the module shall maintain local sense regulation through an internal resistor. the module shall correct for a total of 0.1v of loss. the remote sense line impedance shall be < 10 . rl distribution losses distribution losses distribution losses distribution losses vo vin gnd sense figure 23: effective circuit configuration for remote sense operation output voltage programming the output voltage of the dnl can be programmed to any voltage between 0.75vdc and 5.0vdc by connecting one resistor (shown as rtrim in figure 24) between the trim and gnd pins of the module. without this external resistor, the output voltage of the module is 0.7525 vdc. to calculate the value of the re sistor rtrim for a particular output voltage vo, please use the following equation: rtrim 10500 vo 0.7525 ? 1000 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? := rtrim is the external resistor in ? vo is the desired output voltage for example, to program the output voltage of the dnl module to 3.3vdc, rtrim is calculated as follows: rtrim 10500 2.5475 1000 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? := rtrim = 3.122 k ? dnl can also be programmed by applying a voltage between the trim and gnd pins (figure 25). the following equation can be used to determine the value of vtrim needed for a desired output voltage vo: vtrim 0.7 vo 0.7525 ? ( ) 0.0667 ? ? ? ? ? ? := vtrim is the external voltage in v vo is the desired output voltage for example, to program the output voltage of a dnl module to 3.3 vdc, vtrim is calculated as follows vtrim 0.7 2.5475 0.0667 ? ( ) ? := vtrim = 0.530v figure 24: circuit configuration for programming output voltage using an external resistor figure 25: circuit configuration for programming output voltage using external voltage source
ds_dnl10sip16_03052009 9 the amount of power delivered by the module is the voltage at the output terminals multiplied by the output current. when using the trim feature, the output voltage of the module can be increased, which at the same output current would increase the power output of the module. care should be taken to ensure that the maximum output power of the module must not exceed the maximum rated power ( vo.set x io.max p max ). voltage margining output voltage margining can be implemented in the dnl modules by connecting a resistor, r margin-up , from the trim pin to the ground pin for margining-up the output voltage and by connecting a resistor, r margin-down , from the trim pin to the output pin for marg ining-down. figure 26 shows the circuit configuration for output voltage margining. if unused, leave the trim pin unconnected. a calculation tool is available from t he evaluation procedure which computes the values of r margin-up and r margin-down for a specific output voltage and margin percentage. vo on/off vin gnd trim q2 q1 rmargin-up rmargin-down rtrim figure 26: circuit configuration for output voltage margining voltage tracking the dnl family was designed for applications that have output voltage tracking requirements during power-up and power-down. the devices have a track pin to implement three types of tracking method: sequential start-up, simultaneous and ratio-metric. track simplifies the task of supply voltage tracking in a power system by enabling modules to track each other, or any external voltage, during power-up and power-down. by connecting multiple modules together, customers can get multiple modules to track their output voltages to the voltage applied on the track pin. feature descriptions (con. ) table 1 provides rtrim values required for some common output voltages, while table 2 provides values of external voltage source, vtrim, for the same common output voltages. by using a 1% tolerance trim resistor, set point tolerance of 2% can be achieved as specified in the electrical specification. table 1 vo (v) rtrim (k ? ) 0.7525 open 1.2 22.464 1.5 13.047 1.8 9.024 2.5 5.009 3.3 3.122 5.0 1.472 table 2 vo (v) vtrim (v) 0.7525 open 1.2 0.670 1.5 0.650 1.8 0.630 2.5 0.583 3.3 0.530 5.0 0.4167
ds_dnl10sip16_03052009 10 figure 29: ratio-metric ps1 ps2 ps1 ps2 + v feature descriptions (con. ) the output voltage tracking feature (figure 27 to figure 29) is achieved according to the different external connections. if the tracking feature is not used, the track pin of the module can be left unconnected or tied to vin. for proper voltage tracking, i nput voltage of the tracking power module must be applied in advance, and the remote on/off pin has to be in turn-on status. (negative logic: tied to gnd or unconnected. positive logic: tied to vin or unconnected) figure 27: sequential start-up figure 28: simultaneous ps1 ps2 ps1 ps2 p s 1 ps2 ps1 ps2
ds_dnl10sip16_03052009 11 feature descriptions (con. ) sequential start-up sequential start-up (figure 27) is implemented by placing an on/off control circuit between vo ps1 and the on/off pin of ps2. simultaneous simultaneous tracking (figure 28) is implemented by using the track pin. the objective is to minimize the voltage difference between the power supply outputs during power up and down. the simultaneous tracking can be accomplished by connecting vo ps1 to the track pin of ps2. please note the voltage apply to track pin needs to always higher than the vo ps2 set point voltage. ratio-metric ratio?metric (figure 29) is implemented by placing the voltage divider on the track pin that comprises r1 and r2, to create a proportional voltage with vo ps1 to the track pin of ps2. for ratio-metric applications that need the outputs of ps1 and ps2 reach the regulation set point at the same time the following equation can be used to calculate the value of r1 and r2. the suggested value of r2 is 10k ? . ,2 2 ,1 1 2 ops ops v r vrr = + r1 r2 track vo ps1 ps2 vo ps2 ps1 vin vin on/off on/off the high for positive logic the low for negative logic r1 r2 vo ps1 ps1 vin on/off on/off ps2 vo ps2 vin c1 q1 r3 track vo ps1 ps2 vo ps2 ps1 vin vin on/off on/off
ds_dnl10sip16_03052009 12 thermal considerations thermal management is an important part of the system design. to ensure proper, reliable operation, sufficient cooling of the power module is needed over the entire temperature range of the modul e. convection cooling is usually the dominant mode of heat transfer. hence, the choice of equipment to characterize the thermal performance of the power module is a wind tunnel. thermal testing setup delta?s dc/dc power modules are characterized in heated vertical wind tunnels that simulate the thermal environments encountered in most electronics equipment. this type of equipment commonly uses vertically mounted circuit cards in cabinet racks in which the power modules are mounted. the following figure shows the wind tunnel characterization setup. the power module is mounted on a test pwb and is vertically positioned within the wind tunnel. the height of this fan du ct is constantly kept at 25.4mm (1??). thermal derating heat can be removed by in creasing airflow over the module. to enhance system reliability, the power module should always be operated below the maximum operating temperature. if the temperature exceeds the maximum module temperature, reliability of the unit may be affected. note: wind tunnel test setup figure dimensions are in millimeters and (inches) module air flow 12.7 (0.5?) 50.8 ( 2.0? ) facing pwb pwb air velocity and ambient temperature measured below the module 25.4 (1.0?) figure 30: wind tunnel test setup
ds_dnl10sip16_03052009 13 dnl10s0a0r16(standard) output current vs. ambient temperature and air velocity @ vin = 12v, vo = 1.8v (either orientation) 0 5 10 15 20 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 output current(a) natural convection 100lfm 200lfm 300lfm 400lfm 500lfm 600lfm figure 34: dnl10s0a0r16(standard) output current vs. ambient temperature and air velocity @ vin=12v, vout=1.8v ( either orientation ) thermal curves figure 31: temperature measurement location * the allowed maximum hot spot temperature is defined at 125 . dnl10s0a0r16(standard) output current vs. ambient temperature and air velocity @ vin = 12v, vo = 3.3v (either orientation) 0 5 10 15 20 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 ambient temperature ( ) output current(a) natural convection 100lfm 200lfm 300lfm 400lfm 500lfm 600lfm figure 32: dnl10s0a0r16(standard) output current vs. ambient temperature and air velocity @ vin=12v, vout=3.3v(either orientation) dnl10s0a0r16(standard) output current vs. ambient temperature and air velocity @ vin = 12v, vo = 2.5v (either orientation) 0 5 10 15 20 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 ambient temperature ( ) output current(a) natural convection 100lfm 200lfm 300lfm 400lfm 500lfm 600lfm figure 33: dnl10s0a0r16(standard) output current vs. ambient temperature and air velocity @ vin=12v, vout=2.5v ( either orientation )
ds_dnl10sip16_03052009 14 mechanical drawing smd package (optional) sip package
ds_dnl10sip16_03052009 15 part numbering system dnl 10 s 0a0 r 16 n f d product series input voltage numbers of outputs output voltage package type output current on/off logic option code dnl - 16a dnm -10a dns - 6a 04 - 2.8v ~ 5.5v 10 - 8.3v ~14v s - single 0a0 - programmable r - sip s - smd 16 -16a 10 -10a 06 - 6a n- negative (default) p- positive f- rohs 6/6 (lead free) d- standard function model list model name packaging input voltage output voltage output current on/off logic efficiency 12vin @ 100% load dnl10s0a0s16pfd smd 8.3v ~ 14v 0.75v ~ 5.0v 16a positive 92.0% (3.3v) dnl10s0a0s16nfd smd 8.3v ~ 14v 0.75v ~ 5.0v 16a negative 92.0% (3.3v) dnl10s0a0r16pfd sip 8.3v ~ 14v 0.75v ~ 5.0v 16a positive 92.0% (3.3v) dnl10s0a0r16nfd sip 8.3v ~ 14v 0.75v ~ 5.0v 16a negative 92.0% (3.3v) contact: www.delta.com.tw/dcdc usa: telephone: east coast: (888) 335 8201 west coast: (888) 335 8208 fax: (978) 656 3964 email: dcdc@delta-corp.com europe: phone: +41 31 998 53 11 fax: +41 31 998 53 53 email: dcdc@delta-es.com asia & the rest of world: telephone: +886 3 4526107 ext 6220 fax: +886 3 4513485 email: dcdc@delta.com.tw warranty delta offers a two (2) year limited warranty. complete warranty information is listed on our web site or is available upon request from delta. information furnished by delta is believed to be accurate and reliable. however, no responsibility is assumed by delta for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties, which may result from its use. no license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or pat ent rights of delta. delta reserves the right to revise these specifications at any time, without notice .

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